An Evaluation of English-to-Yoruba Translations of some Concepts by Selected Radio News Bulletins

This study examines translations of selected official names/titles contained in news broadcasts in the Yorùbá-speaking part of Nigeria, interrogating their adequacy and appropriateness. Sixty-five concepts/titles extracted from one hundred news bulletins presented by five radio stations across the Yorùbá-speaking states of Nigeria are examined. The study is prompted by an intuitive feeling of inaccuracy and inappropriateness of important words in news broadcasts in Yorùbá and predicated upon the fact that misinformation can be as pernicious as lack of information. The renderings of the concepts in Yorùbá are compared with their original versions in English, revealing translation weaknesses such as semantic narrowing, expansion, wordiness, and sometimes even unwitting distortions. It concludes by emphasizing the adoption of appropriate translation strategies and a more rigorous engagement with the texts as a way of guarding against unintended distortions and misinformation.

‘Actually given’ versus ‘presented as given’ and ‘actually new’ versus ‘presented as new’

This paper considers the relevance of various approaches to the study of ‘Given’ and ‘New’ to a number of practical problems: complaints from listeners to UK radio programmes that presenters place emphasis on the wrong words; inaudibility of openings of utterances in radio news bulletins; and ambiguity of pronouns. Approaches to ‘Given’ and ‘New’ to be discussed include those whose concerns are with intonation (e.g., Halliday & Matthiessen 2014), those who pay attention to definiteness/indefiniteness in the nominal group (e.g., Martin 1992), and those who are more concerned with what is in the minds of hearers and readers (e.g., Prince 1981; Lambrecht 1994). The underlying questions that are being investigated are: How free are speakers and writers to assign ‘Given’ or ‘New’ status to entities? Are there constraints on what they can do intonationally, or with definiteness, or with pronouns?

Prediction of Occupation Stress by Implementing Convolutional Neural Network Techniques

Medicinal services experts experience significant levels of word-related worry because of their working conditions. Subsequently, the point of this study is to build up a model that spotlights human services experts in order to break down the impact that activity requests, control, social help, and acknowledgment have on the probability that a specialist will experience pressure. The authors have beforehand presented a technique for pitch highlight identification utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) that yields great execution utilizing low-level acoustic descriptors alone, with no express span data. This paper utilizes this model for different pitch complement and lexical pressure discovery errands at the word and syllable level on the DIRNDL German radio news corpus. This research demonstrates that data on word or syllable span is encoded in the elevated level CNN include portrayal via preparing a direct relapse model on these highlights to foresee term.

Inteligencia artificial aplicada a programas informativos de radio. Estudio de caso de segmentación automática de noticias en RNE

The results of a project on news segmentation at Radio Nacional de España (RNE) carried out by the RTVE Technological Innovation and Media Management areas is presented. The aim of this project is to apply artificial intelligence to automatically transcribe and cut the news items that make up a radio news program. The main goals of this project are to increase the accessibility of the content and to allow its reusability on various platforms and social media. The project was planned in two phases, covering system configuration and service delivery. The minimum quality criteria required were defined in advance, both for automatic voice transcription and for news segmentation. For the speech-to-text process, the highest word error rate (WER) allowed was 10%, while the precision rate for the news segmentation was 85%. System performance in both transcription and segmentation was considered to be sufficient, although a higher degree of accuracy in news cutting is expected in the coming months. The results show that, despite using these quite mature technologies, adjustment and learning processes and human intervention are still necessary. Resumen Se presentan los resultados del proyecto para la segmentación en noticias de los informativos de Radio Nacional de España (RNE) llevado a cabo por el Área de Innovación Tecnológica de Radio Televisión Española (RTVE) en colaboración con la Dirección de Medios de RNE. El objetivo de este proyecto es aplicar la inteligencia artificial para el cortado automático de las noticias que componen un informativo radiofónico, para su posterior difusión en la web de RTVE y en medios de comunicación social. El proyecto se planificó en dos fases: una primera de configuración y ajuste del sistema, y una segunda de prestación del servicio propiamente dicho. Los criterios de calidad mínimos exigibles se definieron previamente, tanto para la transcripción automática del habla a texto, para la que se estableció una tasa de error por palabra máxima (WER) del 10%, como para la segmentación de noticias, para la que se definió una tasa de precisión superior al 85%. El rendimiento del sistema tanto en la transcripción como en la segmentación se considera suficiente, si bien se espera alcanzar un mayor grado de precisión en el cortado de noticias en los próximos meses. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, a pesar de ser tecnologías bastante maduras, son necesarios procesos de ajuste y aprendizaje con la intervención humana.

Rhythm Comes, Rhythm Goes: Short-Term Periodicity of Prosodic Phrasing

Speech is perceived as a sequence of meaningful units. Speech prosody helps to delimit these units through pauses and acoustic modulations of pitch, amplitude and speech rate. These prosodic boundaries subdivide utterances into prosodic phrases. To be understood, prosodic phrases must obey cognitive and neurobiological constraints on the side of the listener. In particular, the neurobiological substrates of speech processing have been argued to operate periodically—with one electrophysiological processing cycle being devoted to the processing of one segment of the speech stream. We hypothesized that when processing is periodic, prosodic phrases should show periodicity as well. We investigated the periodicity of prosodic phrases in a corpus of radio news that has been manually annotated for full intonational and intermediate phrases by human experts. We find that sequences of 2 to 5 intermediate phrases are periodic at 0.8 to 1.6 Hertz within their superordinate intonation phrase. Across utterances, the exact duration of intermediate phrases fluctuates with the duration of superordinate intonation phrases, pointing to a dependence of prosodic time scales. Our findings provide evidence of short-term periodicity of prosodic phrasing within a highly specific range. While the determinants of periodicity are unknown, the results are compatible with an association between elec- trophysiological processing time scales and the phonological rhythms of language as such. This is a further step towards closing the gaps between the neurobiology of language, psycholinguistics, and linguistic description.

Thuiskomen in Nederland: migratiegeschiedenis schrijven met Delpher

Delpher is the largest collection of full-text Dutch-language digitised historical news­papers, books, journals and copy sheets for radio news broadcasts available on a website. This article shows the possibilities of Delpher for doing research on Dutch-Hungarian relations by showing the results of an explorative study on a part of the migration history of one Hungarian family in The Hague. The author shows some very specific parts of the micro history of this family based on the content of newspaper advertisements. These sources were identified by addresses, telephone numbers and unique names.

Maksymalne zbliżenie do słuchacza. Kategoria potoczności w radiowych serwisach informacyjnych

Maximizing closeness to the listener. The category of current language in the radio news Summary Post-modernistic informative models used in commercial media are becoming increasingly more informal. Therefore, there is a growing tendency in resorting to a more colloquial language. This has been proven not only by the non-formal accounts of the reporters but also by radio presenters’ verbalized speeches. Qualitative research of Radio ZET “Wiadomości” (eng. “The News”) (raging from 6th May 2019 until 2nd June 2019) enables us to reconstruct an informal view of the world portrayed in media, and determine particular areas in which colloquialisms are most often seen. They authenticate the message and make it more effortless. However, at the same time, they lead to stereotypization and superficiality. These seem to have an impact on the functions of informal language in media. Besides the well-known informative one, they contribute to the reduction of the distance between an addresser and an addressee, as well as increase entertainment value and persuasiveness.

Content and framing in radio news bulletins in urban and rural Hungary

This analysis provides a detailed snapshot of the radio news landscape in Hungary, a European-Union-member ‘illiberal state’ in mid-April 2018, a few weeks after the general election. In this study, we wished to quantitatively characterize radio news broadcasts. This is the first study that provides a detailed analysis of contemporary radio news output across all formats, target audiences, owners and regions in Hungary. The study uses several quantitative and geographic indicators that include objective elements such as news ecosystem diversity, local news production, news about local issues, sound bites, credited political press, news sections and more subjective news framing and a framing-based bias indicator. Our results show that the ideological diversity of radio news was far the highest in the Budapest region. MTVA, the state media provider had significantly more politically biased news than other stations. Local radios never criticized local public affairs. A few stations in Budapest did broadcast balanced, pro-opposition and critical news, but they were in minority over pro-government news items that dominated the rural media landscape with significantly less choice.