The language ability, speech competence, speech activity of Generation Z

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
L. O. Butakova
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Written Speech

The paper aims to demonstrate possible approaches to solving problems arising during comprehensive linguistic description of the language ability, speech competence, speech activity of Generation Z. This purpose was achieved with the help of evaluation of speech acts performed in the process of associating and in the course of spontaneous connected written speech activity. Material: the results of free and directed pair by association tests conducted by the author in 2010–2012, 2015–2016, 2019–2021. Additionally, essay texts about the topics «I and the world around me», «If it were not for computers and tablet computers», «My city» («What places in Omsk do I like to visit? Why? «), «Who do I want to resemble?», «An elderly person. What is he / she like?», «Old age. What is it like? «, «In my old age I will…», «Happiness… as I understand it» were used. The essays were written by school students of the 7th, 8th and 9th forms in 2005, 2010, 2015–2016, 2020. Methods: free and directed pair by association experiments, comprehensive text analysis. The latter enabled the author to define the following parameters: communicative (speech strategies and tactics, communication types), cognitive (actualisation of meanings and cognitive structures), semantic (word selection, distribution of object features, identification of predicates and so on), statistical (the number of words per sentence and sentences per text). The results of the study: specific features of speech actions during free and directed pair by association tests were determined. Additionally, the research revealed that Generation Z members use slang verbal and graphic signs; typical scenarios caused by certain cognitive fragments which are present in their linguistic consciousness prevail. Conclusions: I-to-subject communication is the key means for organising narration, and it dominates the communicative organisation of connected texts independent of the topic. Semantic text development is based on the form and contents of the title and virtually follows it in the reactive dialogical mode. Introductions and conclusions in the essays are reduced. At the informational level, conceptual information outweighs factual and directly develops the thesis implied in the title. The variety of semantic, conceptual, cognitive features of the texts is limited; the essays are devoid of conceptual multiple layers. The development level of teenagers’ discursive thinking, in particular, inadequate development of speech activity determines their mastering of the format of a cohesive speech piece. This is shown in organisational simplicity and insufficient text volume; cohesion is achieved with the help of lexical and syntactic repetition. In the process of written speech, the types of performed speech actions aimed to verbalise meanings are connected with the reproduction of cognitive scenarios (temporal, identification, existential) already formed in the mind. The mentioned scenarios are also manifested during free and directed by pair association in the experimental setting.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE ABILITY, SPEECH COMPETENCE IN THE FORMAT OF NON- / NATURAL WRITTEN SPEECH (based on schoolchildren’s essays)

2016 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
L. O. Butakova
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Written Communication ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
Written Speech

The paper shows the possibilities of psycholinguistic description of language ability and speech competence of native speakers, based on the analysis of schoolchildren’s essays. The author takes into account the changes that have taken place with native speakers associated with the early inclusion of children in the communication on a global scale in the Internet, changes in their leisure time, in Russian written communication in general. The paper demonstrates the structural, communicative, semantic, cognitive analysis of texts on the example of the 7th-grade students' essays on one topic. The author explains the resulting picture on the basis of the theory of speech activity, draws conclusions about the development of the cognitive mechanisms that provide for the formation of meanings, their transfer to the language units, selected depending on the communication objectives and compliance with the language convention (norm)

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT AND EDUCATIONAL SITUATION OF MODERN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Lilia A. Belozerova ◽  
◽  
Valeria V. Vershinina ◽  
Sergey V. Danilov ◽  
Natalia S. Krivtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
School Life ◽  
School Students ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Educational Situation ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Intellectual Characteristics

The article summarises the preliminary results of a three-stage study of the influence of the socio-cultural context on the life and educational manifestations of modern high school students. Firstly, data on the Russian representatives of «Generation Z» were specified. At the second stage of the research, the manifestations of «Generation Z» representatives, regarding everyday school life were studied. At the third stage of the research, there were analysed different educational learning situations as opportunities for senior students to show the behavioural and intellectual characteristics inherent in the digital generation. The main results of the study make it possible to set new tasks in the study of the socio-cultural context of the educational situation of modern high school students.

scholarly journals Gender representation and language politeness in speech acts: A pragmatic study

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman ◽  
Yusak Hudiyono ◽  
Andri Andri ◽  
Hanik Wahyu Ningsi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Male Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Expressive Speech ◽  
Female Teachers

Language affects society because linguistic forms treat men and women discriminatively as a reflection of the strong influence of language on the culture or habits of the speaking community. This study aimed to describe the representation of gender in speech and language politeness of senior high school and vocational school students in Samarinda City and Kutai Kertanegara Regency. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The results of this study showed first, for the speech form by female students towards female teachers, they dominantly used the following forms: positive speech, expressive speech, and assertive speech. Second, for the speech form of female students towards male teachers, they preferred the form: expressive speech and assertive speech. Third, for the speech form of male students towards female teachers, they used the following forms: positive speech, commissive speech, and assertive speech. Fourth, the speech form of male students towards male teachers was expressive. Fifth, gender representation in student’s language politeness showed that female students were more likely to comply and male students were more likely to deviate from the principles of linguistic politeness. This study concludes female students followed the principle of language politeness towards female teachers. Male students expressed more deviations towards male teachers.

scholarly journals IMPROVING LANGUAGE POLITENESS OF DYAH GALIH AGUNG SENIOR AND JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-279
Author(s):  
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti ◽  
Zulfan Zulfan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students

This article analyzes the strategy for language politeness of Dyah Galih Agung Senior and Junior High School students, Deli Serdang District, which is realized through the use of speech acts. Every speaker should have knowledge on language politeness. Pragmatically speaking, language politeness is related and realized in speech acts. Speakers should understand speech contexts of their utterance and meanings contained in it. Some utterances may hurt the listeners but with choosing and using proper dictions and applying politeness, it will not hurt the listeners. The data collected using observation and conversation method (Sudaryanto, 2017) and then analyzed using Searle’s speech act theory (1979) and Leech’s politeness principles (2014). The findings show that the students in Dyah Galih Agung Senior and Junior High School, Deli Serdang District, use assertive, directive, commissive, and expressive speech act. Regarding the strategy for language politeness, the students use direct speech act more than indirect one which is influenced by the close social relationship among them. The findings also show that the application of Leech’s politeness strategy (2014) is able to improve the students’ language politeness ability.    

scholarly journals Services for the Elderly in Israel: Privatization or Nationalization-An Unending Dilemma-A Reflection

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Avi Bitzur ◽  
Mali Shaked
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Aging In Place ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

The world in which we live is aging at a dizzying pace and expressions like “70 is the new 50” or the creation of concepts such as the “Silver Tsunami”, a nickname for the aging baby-boomer generation, have become an inseparable part of the reality in our society.On the one hand, the spread of aging is a welcome phenomenon – a sort of solution to the great human effort to reach immortality. On the other hand, however, old age can be perceived as a period burdened by economic, social and health-related challenges and it is becoming more and more clear that throughout the world, and in Israel in particular – the focus of this article - we must begin to prepare systems and services for the provision of rapid and comprehensive solutions for the tsunami of aging that befalls us. This stems from an understanding that the services we have in place today are not sufficiently prepared to handle the range of challenges and issues that will arise as a side effect of this phenomenon.The dilemmas that come hand in hand with the aging of our population are innumerable, however five particular issues stand out: the first is who should be responsible for the elderly and their care – the government or the person’s family? The second: Should all of the elderly receive the same care or should the treatment assistance vary differentially – meaning each elderly person should receive care according to his or her economic, social and health status and receive only according to their needs? The third is, should we provide assistance to the elderly directly (e.g. specific medications) or should the elderly receive financial assistance equivalent to the value of their needs and should we hope that they purchase the relevant medications, for example, and not something else instead? The fourth dilemma is: should we provide assistance for specific projects or should we work on long-term solutions through legislation to provide care and assistance to the elderly? Fifth, which is also the main questions, is should the services provided be privatized or should the treatment be the responsibility of the state and its institutions?The question of privatization or nationalization is the main focus of this article, and while we do not pretend to offer a firm stance on the issue, the authors offer to shed some light on the basic concepts associated with our aging population and how we as a society might handle these issues from the perspective of comparison between privatization versus nationalization of services rendered. The main focus of this article will be around the issue of the residential arrangements for the elderly: Mainly - should the elderly move into what are typically called “old age homes” or should we allow for “Aging in Place” – an approach that favors allowing the elderly to remain in their own homes for the remainder of their lives. Which is the most favorable solution? This issue also falls under the dilemma of whether or not homes for the aging as one possible solution should be a state-provided service or if “aging in place” will result in the privatization of the services granted to the elderly.The focus of this article is the situation in Israel, a country in which a significant portion of the population is elderly and where, by 2035, 15% of the population will be considered senior citizens. We will present the dilemma through the lens of the situation in Israel. The article shall begin with an introduction offering an in-depth examination of the dilemma presented. We will continue by presenting basic concepts from the general literature in the field of gerontology available today. We will then examine the situation in Israel between the years 2017-2019 and conclude by examining the concepts of privatization and nationalization in regards to services for the elderly, while once again emphasizing that comprehensive solutions to these dilemmas are unlikely to be reached in the near future.

Learning Throughout Life About the Needs of All Generations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Strom ◽  
Paris S. Strom
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sustained Development ◽  
Silent Generation ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Successive Generations

The rapid social transformation that occurs in modern longevity societies ensures that successive generations encounter some unique situations people of other age groups cannot experience firsthand. When this happens, peer group communication becomes dominant and causes generational isolation. These conditions present an urgent need to develop a societal plan for education that enables people of all ages to become aware of what is expected of them for contributing to their collective potential. When each generation is viewed as a separate culture, understanding cultural diversity depends on getting to know the needs experienced by other age groups and becoming responsive to them. This chapter presents the priority goals and concerns of Generation Z, Millennials, Generation X, Boomers, and the Silent Generation. The chapter’s purpose is to actualize the concept of lifelong learning, from childhood through old age, by motivating sustained development of maturity as demonstrated by reciprocal caring by all generations.

AN EXPLORATORY CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF INTERLANGUAGE PRAGMATIC DEVELOPMENT

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pragmatic Development ◽  
Compliment Responses

This paper reports the results of an exploratory cross-sectional study of pragmatic development among three groups of primary school students in Hong Kong who completed a cartoon oral production task (COPT) designed to elicit requests, apologies, and compliment responses. The first two of these speech acts are among the most well represented in the pragmatics literature and are also included in the Hong Kong English language syllabus for primary schools. The latter has also been studied extensively but is not part of the syllabus. Data was collected in Cantonese using the same instrument. Although a number of developmental patterns are revealed—particularly in choice of request strategy, frequency of supportive moves, and use of adjuncts with apologies and compliment responses—there is little evidence of sensitivity to situational variation or pragmatic transfer from Cantonese. This study adds to the small, but growing, body of research on pragmatic development in a second language.

scholarly journals Implications of Interrelationship among Four Language Skills for High School English Teaching

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyu Nan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
System Theory ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Whole Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
School Students ◽  
High School English ◽  
Simple Combination

Theoretically, four language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing are interrelated and interactive in real communication. According to the system theory, the improvement of whole language ability can not be achieved by a simple combination of the four skills, but results from the interaction and coordination among the four skills. On the basis of some theories of physiology and psychology as well as principles of system theory, this paper analyzes the interrelationship among four language skills and finds that they have close and strong an impact upon one another. Then the paper inquires into the necessities and feasibility of improving overall English language skills of high school students by comprising four language skills in a more economic and effective way.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Komunikasi Persuasif dalam Siaran Puja Tri Sandhya TVRI Bali terhadap Minat Sembahyang Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Sintyananda Gayatri ◽  
I Nyoman Yoga Segara ◽  
Ni Made Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Public Broadcasting ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
School Students ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The TVRI Bali Public Broadcasting Institution (LPP) as one of the local broadcasting television stations owned by the Government of the Province of Bali, also functions as an extension media by displaying religious broadcasts. One of the religious broadcasts that must be aired on TVRI Bali is Puja Tri Sandhya. Like advertising, the broadcast of Puja Tri Sandhya, which is aired every day, is expected to have an effect, which is to persuade the audience to be able to raise self-awareness to pray. Based on the researcher's personal observation, the phenomenon is that there are still many Hindus who especially in Bali have not been diligent in carrying out the Tri Sandhya Puja three times a day. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the relationship between the effectiveness of persuasive communication in Tri Sandhya TVRI Bali Broadcasting Ceremony on public interest.<br />The community group that the researchers rated was appropriate to be the target of the study were high school students (SMA) students of SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar, considering they were part of Generation Z who now tend to use gadgets rather than television. This study is looking at the relationship between the variable effectiveness of persuasive communication Tri Puja Sandhya (X) on the variable of student prayer interest (Y).<br />Based on the results of the analysis of the effect of the persuasive communication effectiveness variable in the broadcast of Tri Sandhya (X) Puja on the variable of prayer interest in students of SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar (Y), it can be concluded that the persuasive communication effectiveness variable in the Tri Sandhya (X) Puja broadcast proved to have a significant effect on variable interest in prayer for students of SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar(Y) of 0,889 or as much as 92.1%.</p>

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