ESTUDOS DE CASO: UMA VISÃO ARQUITETÔNICA SOBRE BIBLIOTECAS E MIDIATECAS

As bibliotecas públicas exercem um papel de extrema importância na vida de uma comunidade, pois transmitem informação, conhecimento e incluem todos os cidadãos no ambiente da leitura, contribuindo para o interesse dos frequentadores pela cultura. Com o passar dos anos e o avanço da tecnologia, surgiram as midiatecas com uma nova proposta de complementação da biblioteca conhecida tradicionalmente, que tem como característica distinta, disponibilizar outras formas de leitura além dos livros, contando com o auxílio da tecnologia para oferecer conteúdo em áudio e vídeo. Este trabalho de pesquisa exploratória busca apresentar o levantamento de três análises de modelos, de edificações com essas temáticas, em escala internacional, nacional e regional. Os projetos analisados foram selecionados devido a sua composição volumétrica e atrativos funcionais, sendo elas, a Midiateca François Villon localizada em Bourg-la-Reine na França, a Biblioteca São Paulo que fica no Parque da Juventude na cidade de São Paulo, e a Biblioteca Central Universidade Positivo que se localiza na cidade de Curitiba no Estado do Paraná.

The Testator’s Villainy

The poetry and persona of François Villon have been subject to transcultural reinvention since the fifteenth century (and especially since the nineteenth century, among Anglo-American poets). The legend of Villon goes back to an impecunious poet–criminal who disappeared in 1463, and who both encourages and resists a historicizing interpretation of villainy through his works. This chapter reassesses the singularity of the testator persona in Le Testament Villon (c.1461–2) in his complex vilifying manoeuvres. Some of these have distinct parallels in the early sixteenth-century works of the English poet John Skelton. Yet Villon idiosyncratically instantiates poetic discourse as a para-legal means of attesting to the rigours of torture, where the villain-poet is a direct (if unreliable) witness of his own subjection to judicial punishment.

Villainy in France (1463-1610)

This is a book about the outward manifestation of inner malice—that is to say, villainy—in French culture (1463–1610). In pre-modern France, villainous offences were countered, if never fully contained, by intersecting legal and literary responses. Combining insights from legal anthropology with literary and historical analysis, this study examines villainy across juridical documents, criminal records, and literary texts (broadly conceived). While few people obtained justice through the law, many pursued out-of-court settlements of one kind or another. Literary texts commemorated villainies both fictitious and historical; literature sometimes instantiated the process of redress, and enabled the transmission of conflicts from one context to another. Villainy in France follows this overflowing current of pre-modern French culture, examining its impact within France and across the English Channel. Scholars and cultural critics of the Anglophone world have long been fascinated by villainy and villains. This book reveals the subject’s significant ‘Frenchness’ and establishes a transcultural approach to it in law and literature. Villainy’s particular significance emerges through its representation in authors remembered for their less-than respectable, even criminal, activities: François Villon, Clément Marot, François Rabelais, Pierre de L’Estoile, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, John Marston, and George Chapman. Villainy in France affords comparison of these authors alongside many of their lesser-known contemporaries; in so doing, it reinterprets French conflicts within a wider European context, from the mid-fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century.

Master Villon and Master Pathelin

Chapter 4 considers the emergence of knavish villain characters in legally-inflected poetry, specifically in relation to basoche (judiciary) farce and faux-legal testament. The chapter begins by considering villonnies (a variant spelling of vilenies) within a poetics of advocacy in the fifteenth century, and moves on to consider the impact of legal-literary habits that propelled two personae—Master François Villon and his double, Master Pierre Pathelin—to legendary status by the early sixteenth century. Chapter 4 is the first of three chapters examining how various vilain traits were woven into new kinds of poetry that made an art of vilification; an adversarial discourse broader than the legal sense of slander with self-conscious fashioning and refashioning of its villain figures.

François Villon retraduzido

Neste artigo, tratamos das diversas traduções para o português da poesia de François Villon, que é considerado o primeiro poeta moderno francês. Realizadas por importantes poetas da língua, essas traduções procuram reproduzir as formas poéticas utilizadas por Villon. A tradução por Guilherme de Almeida da célebre Balata das damas dos tempos idos (1936) será estudada como exemplo paradigmático da concepção de tradução pelos próprios tradutores do poeta francês em língua portuguesa.

Dante and the Medieval City

This chapter explores the paradox that the most sustained and influential literary representation of the medieval city is set in the afterlife. The chapter begins with a discussion of Dante’s reproduction of the vertical Christian cosmos within the horizontality of everyday life in the city. It then looks at the place of hell within this city, the types of urban experience represented within it, and the relationship of the infernal city to the heavenly city as which Dante figures paradise. The final section of the chapter surveys the dissemination of this urban model into the diverse cityscapes of Boccaccio, Chaucer, François Villon, and Christine de Pizan. The chapter concludes that late medieval urban representations are characterized by the growing insistence on the city as a site of representational difference and local autonomy that remains nevertheless deeply embedded in the spatial dynamics of verticality.