Translation Pragmatics of Phonic Expressive Means in English Poetic Texts

Phono-stylistics is a promising research area. Expressive power of a text depends on its phonetic imagery. The research objective was to identify the pragmatic features of phonic expressive means in translations of contemporary English poetry. The methods included a comparative analysis, phono-semantic and phono-stylistic interpretation of the original poems and their translations, and O. N. Tynyanov's law of versification. The method of sound counting developed by E. V. Elkina and L. S. Yudina was used to calculate the frequency of sounds in the context of phono-semantic analysis in the Russian translations. The method of sound counting designed by Tsoi Vi Chuen Thomas was used to calculate the frequency of sounds in the original English texts. The theoretical foundation of the research was formed by the works by M. A. Balash, G. V. Vekshin, Z. S. Dotmurzieva, V. N. Elkina, A. P. Zhuravlev, L. V. Laenko, F. Miko, L. P. Prokofyeva, E. A. Titov, etc. The study featured the phonics and pragmatics of S. Dugdale’s poem Zaitz and its three translations made by E. Tretyakova, A. Shchetinina, and M. Vinogradova, and C. E. Duffy’s Anne Hathaway translated by Yu. Fokina. The author compared the pragmatics of sound imagery in the English originals and their Russian translations. The research made it possible to define the role of sound imagery in the poetic discourse, as well as the relationship between the sound organization of poetic speech and the pragmatic value at the phonographic level. The results can be used in courses of translation, stylistics, and phonetics.

Semiotic Essence of Linguistic Ambiguity in the German Poetic Discourse of the XXI Century

The article deals with the problem of the phenomenon of linguistic ambiguity and methods of its resolution in the context of modern German poetic texts, as well as possible communication failures associated with differences in the sociocultural characteristics of the author and recipient. In particular, there are illustrations of ambiguity of the entire poem, when the analyzed concept has a dualistic origin and certain linguo-stylistic means; lexical ambiguity, which main mechanisms are a language game, polysemantic words, chains of key lexical items, allusions; syntactic ambiguity, that is realized through special punctuation and two-way communication, that allowed two different interpretations of the sentence. In addition, the German poetic text is characterized by temporary and permanent types of ambiguity. As part of the study, it was found that the phenomenon of ambiguity can be resolved due to contextual peculiarities, and situations of communicative failure can be avoided by an increase of the level of linguistic and intercultural competence.

Developing Poetic Writing Skills: A Teaching Technique for Advanced ESL/EFL Learners

This article attempts to showcase a number of techniques to teach poetic writing skills in EFL settings. First and foremost, we have tried to identify and propose corrective attitudes to work out the psychological obstacles that impede the practice of poetry in many EFL classrooms. Then, we have selected some basic characteristics of poetic discourse through lyric songs to increase learners’ awareness of the specificities of poetry. The mastery of the structure and functioning of figurative language has been the essential skill to develop. Furthermore, the technique privileges the process-oriented approach which is based on well-structured, harmonious and interrelated phases to help learners start composing simple verses and poems.

On Poetry and Prophecy in Jeremiah

It is a virtual consensus in modern scholarship to regard prophetic speech as a form of poetic discourse. Thus, more often than not, studies of biblical prophecy take it as a given that the prophet is a poet, without assessing the strengths and weaknesses of this assumption. This chapter, therefore, addresses the extent to which biblical prophecy can be viewed as poetry, and how this convention has affected Jeremiah studies. It surveys major approaches to Jeremiah’s poetic prophecy and considers potential pitfalls in this consensus, as well as some of the key hermeneutic considerations that help better explore the subject.

Axiological density of the linguocultural concept

The article is devoted to determining the factors of axiological features of cognitive forms. The main approaches related to the evaluation specification of linguistic and cultural concepts (structural and semantic) are outlined and analyzed. It is explained that the structural features of the linguo-cultural concept (historical and actual layers, domains and modular parts, nuclear and near-nuclear zone) determine its axiological features. The structure of the representation of knowledge is evaluative specified by the characteristics of its name (internal form, in equivalence, denotation and connotation, etc.). It is argued that the axiological characteristics of the concept are determined by external factors: belonging to one or different cultures, a particular subculture, the amount of collective historical, subjective emotional, and concrete-sensory experience, position on other concepts, rooted in the system of background knowledge, carrier mentality, stereotypes, as well as subjects of material and spiritual culture, etc. The term “axiological density of linguistic and cultural concept” was introduced into scientific circulation and an algorithm for its definition was proposed with the help of an integrative approach. Based on this algorithm, the modal (axiological) component of the linguistic and cultural concept of “time” in the poetic discourse of the 20th-21st centuries is analyzed.

SYNTAX EXPRESSEMES IN THE POETIC DISCOURSE BY LESIA UKRAINKA: INTENTIONALITY AND AESTHETICS

The article analyses Lesia Ukrainka’s poetic discourse from the standpoint of syntactic expressemes functioning within it. Expressemes are viewed as figurative-rhetorical constructions that express aesthetic, emotional-evaluative and expressive potential, effectively influence the human cognitive-mental complex, consciousness, spiritual worldview, emotional perception, in contrast to conventional syntactic units. Based on the relevant linguistic methodology, a significant amount of empirical data has been studied, which testifies to the artistic perfection of Lesia Ukrainka’s poetic idiolect. The use of a rich data source enabled systematization of syntactic expressemes and investigation of syntactic means of rhetoric speech, such as rhetorical questions, exclamations, dialogues. It is noted that rhetorical questions, in particular, realize emotionalexpressive statement or objection, creating figurative, semantic-aesthetic effect of communication, accentuate important information, representing a high style speech, and emphasize its sophistication and imagery. Drawing on empirical data the author also outlines functional potential of interrogative and exclamatory statements, focusing on the intentional potential of antiphrasis constructions and repetitions, and study period as a complex figurative-rhetorical construction, characterized by aphorism, dynamic nature and special syntactic structure. In the context of the poetic idiolect, vocative communication and addressing are analysed, which not only verbalize direct appeal but also serve as a source of aesthetic pleasure. Syntactic expressemes as a means of verbalizing the intentions of aesthetics in Lesia Ukrainka’s poetic discourse correspond to the author’s idea, create aesthetics and expressiveness, represent the writer’s linguistic creativity, testifying to the inalienable relevance of her work through the prism of time, history and personalities. The prospect of the research is seen in a more detailed study of the functional capabilities of syntactic expressemes in Lesia Ukrainka’s lyrical-epic discourse.

STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC ASPECTS OF METAPHOR IN THE POETIC DISCOURSE OF PETRO SOROKA

The article investigates the metaphorical space of poems collection «Frankincense of Autumn» by Ternopil artist, writer and literary critic Petro Soroka. The research subject is structural and semantic aspects of metaphorical constructions. The aim of the article is to determine structural and semantic features of metaphors in Petro Soroka’s poetic discourse. To achieve this, the author defines and specifies semantic and stylistic types of poetic metaphors; identifies image units structural features in the writer’s work. The analysis is based on descriptive method (selection and systematization of relevant material, observation of linguistic facts, their interpretation and generalization), semantic and stylistic method, contextual-interpretive method and also quantitative technique (to establish a frequency of different groups of metaphors). The study of Petro Soroka’s poetic discourse demonstrates complexity of associations that underlay individual authorial metaphors, and functioning of complex, extended metaphorical structures with authorial intellectualism. Poems present all of the semantic and stylistic types of metaphors. However, the factual material analysis indicates rareness of objectifiment and synesthetic metaphors. 87% of all metaphors are personifications, among which the most frequent are anthropomethaphors (79 %). Other personifications are zoometaphors (7 %), botanometaphors (13.5 %) and chimerometaphors (approximately 0.5 %). High number of anthropometaphors is caused by a person as a central image in Petro Soroka’s artistic world and focusing on feelings, emotions, experiences and inner state in general. Other lexical and phraseological features in the artist’s language world demand further research.

Poetic discourse: text, hermeneutics, harmony

The article is devoted to the investigation of poetic discourse. Discourse is understood as the actualization of text structures in interaction with extralinguistic factors. The article considers the problems of understanding, methods of comprehension and the method of analyzing a poetic text; understanding of the unity of language and thinking, the author's axiological paradigm, refracted through the prism of the dynamics of cultural experience. The author analyze fiction that allow to retrace the formation of poetic concept. The influence of the structure on the formation of text is also presented. The main individual concepts are determined. The given examples illustrate the statements under consideration.

The Corporeality Poetics in V. Shalamov’s Lyrics

The article is devoted to the category of corporeality and the forms of its implementation in V. Shalamov’s lyrics, viz. identifying both the uniqueness of the poet’s artistic approach and the connections with tradition, in particular, acmeistic one. The stated problems have not become the object of detailed literary anal- ysis yet. To disclose the topic, the author of the article uses materials of V.T. Shalamov’s archive (Russian State Archive of Literature and Art). The article considers the most important perspectives concerning the realization of corporeality category, viz. the principle of revealing mental aspects of a personality’s life through the prism of body images, when certain emotional sensory or ideological facets are realized in a poetic text with the help of a somatological code; the relation and interaction of spiritual and physical in the characteristic of the lyrical subject; the semantic filling of key leitmotifs in Shalamov’s lyrics related to the corporate sphere and human organism. The study reveals and considers Shalamov’s characteristic property of poetic thinking consisting in extrapolating corporeality to the phenomena of natural world, as well as intelligible phenomena. The author touches upon Shalamov’s attitude to religion and specifics concerning the refraction of moral ideas in poetic discourse through the prism of tangible images. The article discloses aspects relating to the interpretation of corporeality problem in Shalamov’s lyrics and correlating with acmeistic artistic attitude.