High-performance process fluids used for vibration finishing of parts with granular media made of natural material “Baykalit”

The results of studies of the technological capabilities of granular media made of natural material “Baykalit” in the conditions of vibration technological systems are presented. Baikalit is a siliceous rock-fine-grained quartzite (microquartzite) - with an aggregate structure of quartz grains measuring 1.5-3 microns with sharp boundaries between these very grains. The granules obtained as a result of crushing the mineral rock Baikalit have a sufficiently high hardness (at least 6.0 - 7.0 on the Mohs scale). The presence of many wedge-shaped vertices along the perimeter of the granules and the arbitrariness of the shape allows us to consider them as a universal cutting tool that has access to various surfaces of complexity. It is shown that vibration treatment with granular media made of natural material “Baykalit” reduces the height of the initial surface micrprofile by 0.2-0.3 microns and is an effective way to remove burrs when processing parts with a surface microprofile height of more than 0.63 microns. The use of process fluids, which include increasing the wetting capacity of both Baikalit and processed workpieces, reduces the technological time of vibration processing by 1.5 times. The presence of components in the process fluid, such as protective colloids (Na CMC), prevents the sludge from sticking to the galtovochnye bodies, that is, prevents the “salting” of their profile, reduces the rigidity of the layer on the surface of the galtovochnyh bodies and workpieces, which contributes to productivity growth.

The stone inventory on the Neolithic settlement Evstyunikha I (Middle Trans-Ural)

The place of the Evstyuninsky type ceramics in the early Neolithic materials of the Middle Trans-Ural has been one of the problem areas of interest to the Ural archeologists until today. The Evstyuninsky type of Neolithic ceramics is presented in the archeological literature of the Urals fairly good. But it is still unknown what kind of stone products accompanies ceramics of this type. This paper fills this gap. The site is situated 300 meters from the village Evstyunikha, which nowadays is a northern outskirt of the Nizhny Tagil (Sverdlovsk Region). The collection of finds contains more than 9000 items. Among them there are about 6000 fragments of ceramic and 3500 stone products. The complex is very indiscrete 96% of ceramics refers to the Neolithic. The rest of the ceramics is presented by materials of later epochs. The use of stone tools in them was already limited. The full cycle of stone processing is presented at the site. The technology of splitting was used for obtaining knife-shaped plates from the butt nucleuses. They used large plates of 24 cm width and small ones of 0,51,0 cm width as well. In addition to the plates tiles processed by bilateral edge retouch were also widely used. Flat retouch was very rarely used it was used for producing of arrowheads only. A large percentage (nearly 70%) of products with tile cork indicates the use of the local mineral raw. 77% of all products are made of siliceous slate. Then there are volcanotectonic sandstone products and products made of light grey layered siliceous rock 6,5% each. Milky quartz and multi-colored jasper artifacts are 2% each. 6% are accounted for the other types of mineral raw (flint, chalcedony, slate carbonaceous, light grey slate, grey quartz, alevrotuf, sandstone, granodiorite, quartzite, serpentinite).

The structure of the pore volume of the reservoir intervals of the Bazhenov formation of the Priobskoye field of Western Siberia

The paper presents a study of the structure and reservoir properties of rocks of the Bazhenov formation in the sections of three wells located in different structural zones of the Priobskoye field. It is shown that the porosity of the samples varies from 0.02% to 6.95%, the absolute gas permeability of the rocks reaches 1.364 mD. It is established that the collectors in the Bazhenov formation are confined to silicite-radiolarites (possessing porosity associated with the leaching of radiolarian shells) and kerogen-clay-siliceous rock and kerogen-clay silicite (porosity is associated with the release of space between the clay-siliceous matrix and kerogen by ripening organic matter). The following secondary processes influenced the formation of voids in these lithotypes: recrystallization of radiolarians and local warming up.

Studying penetrating ability of alkaline flow solution of caprolactam production in flint aggregate

The study focuses on increasing the clinker formation degree of calculus types of siliceous rock. One of the ways to increase the flint aggregate strength is to saturate the surface layer of grains with alkaline ions. While calcining, this will provide formation of confining elements which are more caked than the inner layers. To preserve natural porosity inside granules and to increase density and durability of a surface layer, it is offered to process grains of dense siliceous rock before calcining them with a solution of alkaline flow of caprolactam production (AFCP). It is shown that the degree of density is determined by the soaking depth, which depends on the molecular structure of alkaline solution. The paper also demonstrates results of influence of processing conditions on soaking depth of grains with 10-15 mm fraction. The researchers studied the effect of AFCP solution concentration in the range varying from 3 to 20%. The duration of treatment ranged from 2 to 5 minutes. The research results are presented in the form of graphs. The optimal processing mode is also determined.

Mesolithic monument Novaya Kazanka 1 in the Northern Caspian region (materials of 2005)

This paper provides information about exploring of the Stone Age at the site Novaya Kazanka 1 in sand dunes on the western shore of Lake Soraidyn by employees of Institute of Archeology named after A.Kh. Margulan. They worked on the monument in 2003 and 2005. 8 accumulations of stone artifacts were allocated on the monument. The pits laid at the site showed the absence of the buried cultural layer. Stone artifacts were made mainly of two types of raw materials - siliceous rock and quartzite sandstone. The typological description of the stone collection of accumulations at the Novaya Kazanka 1 site indicates their chronological diversity ranging from purely Mesolithic complexes to mixed Meso-Neolithic ones. The technique of primary splitting is represented by unit nuclei and fragments of small dimensions. The tools are represented by scrapers, mostly end-plates on fragments of plates, lamellar flakes, plates and fragments of retouched plates, geometric microliths (segments, trapeziums, and triangles) and others. The stone inventory of the accumulations at the Novaya Kazanka 1 site does not contradict the conclusions about the correlation of the monuments near Lake Soraidyn with the monuments of the Istai group of the Seroglazov culture, which is expressed both in raw materials preferences and in the technique of primary splitting, as well as in the collection of stone implements.