THE INSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT BUILDING OF THE THETHELAN (CROPS) FARMER ON REHABILITATION ZONE OF MERU BETIRI (TNMB) NATIONAL PARK IN EAST JAVA

The study entitled “ The institutional empowerment building of the crops farmer on rehabilitation zone of Meru Betiri national park in East Java” takes the fact that since the initialization of the Ecosystem Returns (PE) in 1999 in the rehabilitation zone until the year 2017, there is no optimum result of the program. Instead of getting greener, the zone becomes more dry, arid, and wither. The problem of the study is that what causes the PE program in rehabilitation zone ran less optimum? How to build the institutional empowerment of crops farmer? The purpose of this study is to identify factors that cause the less optimum of PE program at the rehabilitation zone and to formulate the model of optimum institutional empowerment of crops farmers. The primary data were through observation, interview, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD), while the secondary data were from a mixed document of Green’s ecological theory and Nort’s institution theory. Less optimum of PE program is due to the cultural switch from abstinence to anthropocentric, the scarcity of farming land, and market intervention. The model of institutional empowerment of crops farmer is the cooperation and synergy interaction among the actors.

THE CONCEPTUAL PAPER ON TRUST AND ZAKAT COMPLIANCE AMONG INDIVIDUALS

This aim of the conceptual paper is to study the relationship between the trust of the society towards Zakat Institution and their compliance on zakat. In other words, it is consider as an early study of conceptual framework to examine the factors that influence the individual trust towards Zakat Institution. Theory of Reasoned Action was applied in the study to investigate the individual’s attitude and their compliance towards paying zakat. There also some recommendations for Zakat Institution to increase their performance and boost up the percentage of Muslim zakat payers to fulfil their obligation.

Product Innovation of Sharia Financial Institution: Theory Review

Competitions in the financial industry are so tight that sharia banks can no longer simply rely on standard products to attract the public. The development of sharia banking products and services should not merely 'imitate' from conventional banking products. However, the development of this innovation product does not mean eliminating the principles of syariah let alone just be used as legal and administrative hilah to gain profit alone, on the grounds that Islamic banks are positioned as a financial intermediary institution based on business not a social institution. Based on these problems, the authors get some solution that is, development of innovation (product) is permitted when there is a stronger proposition and clarity of meaning contained therein, conformity with the purpose of sharia (maqashid al-syariah), and relevance to the development of the times and needs Human beings will transactions and modern contracts.