Distance-based β-amyloid protein detection on PADs for scanning and subsequent follow up of Alzheimer’s disease in human urine sample

We report on the first development of a simple distance-based β-amyloid (Aβ) protein quantification using paper-based devices (dPADs) to screen for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to subsequently follow up on...

Rapid electrochemical recognition of trimethoprim in human urine sample using new modified electrode (CPE/Ag/AuNPs) analyzing tunable electrode properties: Experimental and theoretical studies

Pharmaceutical effluents are a serious environmental issue that requires to be treated by a suitable technique; thus, the electrochemical process is actively considered for the treatment as a viable method....

Use of sodium tetraphenyl boron for fabrication of potentiometric membrane sensor for the assay of olanzapine in pharmaceuticals and human urine

Olanzapine (OLP), chemically known as 2-Methyl-10-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-4H-3-thia-4, 9-diaza-benzo[f]azulene, is an atypical antipsychotic drug. It is used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A new simple and selective membrane based potentiometric sensor was developed for potentiometric determination of olanzapine. The membrane was constructed using an ion-pair of OLP and sodium tetraphenyl boron in dioctyl phthalate and PVC. The membrane provides good linear Nernstian response covering relatively wide concentration range of 4 × 10-6 - 1 × 10-2 M OLP over pH range of 2.6 - 7.8. The detection limit for the developed sensor was founded as 2.02 × 10-6 M. The response time of developed sensor is <10 s for the range of determination. The sensor showed good selectivity for OLP in the presence of various cations, anions and other organic molecules. The membrane was successfully applied in direct potentiometric determination of OLP in tablets. The percentage recovery of OLP, ranged from 96.2 to 99.68% with a mean standard deviation <5%, indicates the adoptability of sensor for the direct estimation of OLP in pharmaceuticals. The developed sensor was used to determine OLP in spiked human urine sample and the satisfactory results were obtained.