Why more competent adolescents advance or regress after assymetrical peer interaction: Studying dialogue characteristics that make a difference

This study explores differences between more and less competent peers in joint problem-solving dialogues, related to opposite interaction outcomes of more competent students (progression/regression). Ten asymmetrical peer dyads were selected from 47 dyads participating in the previous study: five in which more competent (MC) student progressed the most, and five in which MC students regressed the most after a post-test. Ten dialogue characteristics were established in 50 conversations of these dyads. Cluster analysis revealed two dialogue types associated with different interaction outcomes of MC students. In the first one, MC students justified correct answers but behaved inconsistently with their higher competences. The second cluster characterizes domination-submissiveness pattern and MC students? unwillingness to justify opinion. All regressing MC students participated in the first dialogue type and 56% of progressing MC students in the second. Qualitative analysis of the conversations typical for extracted clusters implies that although ready to provide arguments to their peers when they can, regressing MC students exhibit uncertainty, thereby losing from interaction. Progressing MC students seem to protect themselves against possible interaction disturbances by dominant attitude and withdrawal from communication.

Modified Robust Ridge M-Estimators in Two-Parameter Ridge Regression Model

The methods of two-parameter ridge and ordinary ridge regression are very sensitive to the presence of the joint problem of multicollinearity and outliers in the y-direction. To overcome this problem, modified robust ridge M-estimators are proposed. The new estimators are then compared with the existing ones by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. According to mean squared error (MSE) criterion, the new estimators outperform the least square estimator, ridge regression estimator, and two-parameter ridge estimator in many considered scenarios. Two numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the simulation results.

REVIEW ARTICLE ON AYURVEDIC APPROACH SANDHIGAT VATA W.S.R. TO OSTEOARTHRITIS

Ayurveda the science of life, healthy and higher longevity are always desirable from it. In today's modern era due to atmosphere, lack of proper healthy diet, travelling and old age etc. metabolic and degenerative disease of connective tissue and the joint problem is quite affluent, and the disease occurrence starts early. Sandhi- gatavata (Osteoarthritis) is a disease due to vitiated Vata in various Sandhi or joints in the body. It is de- scribed under Vatavyadhi in almost every literature of Ayurveda. Clinically the description of Sandhigata Vata explained in theclassical texts is like the condition osteoarthritis in modern science. Sandhigata Vata is described under Vatavyadhi in all the Samhitas and Sangraha Granthas. Ayurveda highlighted degenerative diseases under the concepts like “Dhatu Saithilyam” and “Dhatu Kshayam”. Sandhigata Vata is one such disease, which needs a specific target of therapeutic intervention to check or slow down the process of “Dhatu Kshaya” and to pacify Vata. Sandhigatavata may be correlated with degenerative joint disease or Osteoarthritis, which in turn cripples the patient to the maximum, extends and reduces the total working ca- pacity of the person. It limits everyday activities such as walking, dressing, bathing etc., thus making indi- viduals handicapped. Keywords: Sandhigatavata, Osteoarthritis, Joint, Vata Vyadhi.

Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for 6G Backscatter-Enabled NOMA IoV Networks

<div>This paper proposes an energy-efficient resource allocation framework for the AmBC-enabled NOMA IoV network under imperfect Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) decoding. In particular, multiple Road-Side Units (RSUs) transmit superimposed signals to their associated IoVs utilizing downlink NOMA transmission. Meanwhile, the Backscatter Tags (BackTags) also transmit data symbols towards nearby IoVs by reflecting the superimposed signals of RSUs. Thus, the objective is to maximize the total energy efficiency of the NOMA IoV network subject to the minimum data rate of all IoVs. A joint problem that simultaneously optimizes the total power budget of each RSU, power allocation coefficient of IoVs and reflection power of BackTags under imperfect SIC decoding is formulated.</div>

Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for 6G Backscatter-Enabled NOMA IoV Networks

<div>This paper proposes an energy-efficient resource allocation framework for the AmBC-enabled NOMA IoV network under imperfect Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) decoding. In particular, multiple Road-Side Units (RSUs) transmit superimposed signals to their associated IoVs utilizing downlink NOMA transmission. Meanwhile, the Backscatter Tags (BackTags) also transmit data symbols towards nearby IoVs by reflecting the superimposed signals of RSUs. Thus, the objective is to maximize the total energy efficiency of the NOMA IoV network subject to the minimum data rate of all IoVs. A joint problem that simultaneously optimizes the total power budget of each RSU, power allocation coefficient of IoVs and reflection power of BackTags under imperfect SIC decoding is formulated.</div>

Two-Sided Wasserstein Procrustes Analysis

Learning correspondence between sets of objects is a key component in many machine learning tasks.Recently, optimal Transport (OT) has been successfully applied to such correspondence problems and it is appealing as a fully unsupervised approach. However, OT requires pairwise instances be directly comparable in a common metric space. This limits its applicability when feature spaces are of different dimensions or not directly comparable. In addition, OT only focuses on pairwise correspondence without sensing global transformations. To address these challenges, we propose a new method to jointly learn the optimal coupling between twosets, and the optimal transformations (e.g. rotation, projection and scaling) of each set based on a two-sided Wassertein Procrustes analysis (TWP). Since the joint problem is a non-convex optimization problem, we present a reformulation that renders the problem component-wise convex. We then propose a novel algorithm to solve the problem harnessing a Gauss–Seidel method. We further present competitive results of TWP on various applicationscompared with state-of-the-art methods.

Strategic supplier relationships and supply chain resilience: Is digital transformation that precludes trust beneficial?

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role that communication, trust and digital transformation can play in the relationship between joint problem-solving and supply chain resilience. More specifically, the authors try to examine the possibility of digital transformation as a replacement for trust within a joint problem-solving context.Design/methodology/approachA survey instrument was developed and administrated to manufacturing firms within the United Kingdom and the United States. Based on data collected from 291 senior managers, multiple linear regressions were conducted through a customized process model to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results point to the actual impact of digital transformation being far more complicated than the initial benefits that it appears to bring within a supply chain. Thus, technology is only effective when applied within the right context. The authors showcase that the trio of digital transformation, trust and joint problem-solving can be highly valuable to establish supply chain resilience and that further investigation on the interrelationships between these concepts is warranted.Practical implicationsManufacturing firms that aim to adopt new technologies should not consider advanced digital technologies as an alternative to trust. While digital transformation can improve resource sharing and integration, governance mechanisms–such as trust–will remain the cornerstones of strategic supplier relationships. Therefore, supply chain partners must strive to achieve a balance between trust and the right type of digital technology.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing literature focusing on the role that digital transformation can play in developing supply chain capabilities. It adds an early empirical insight on the role of technology and governance in joint problem-solving and supply chain resilience.

Game of Cruxes: co-designing a game for scientists and stakeholders for identifying joint problems

Scientists increasingly cross their disciplinary boundaries and connect with local stakeholders to jointly solve complex problems. Working with stakeholders means higher legitimacy and supports practical impact of research. Games provide a tool to achieve such transdisciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we explore the use of a game in a participatory project where scientists and local stakeholders are seeking and defining a joint problem. The literature is clear that this step is essential but remains short on concrete methods. Here, we explore this potential in practice. We conducted parallel participatory processes in two alpine regions considered as socio-ecological system (SES) in Switzerland and France, both vulnerable to global change. Based on these two case studies, we co-constructed a game, integrating scientific concerns about key land use, climate change and socio-economic elements of a mountain SES (tourism, agriculture, housing and demography). With the game, we assessed the existence of joint problems connecting scientific and local interests. The game successfully engaged participants at both sites over 11 game sessions, showing potential of use in other transdisciplinary settings. By covering a wide array of issues, the game created a discussion space for listing problems and identifying where scientist and stakeholder interests overlap. In Switzerland, the game revealed no pressing joint problem to be addressed. In France, game sessions revealed, among other problems, an enduring and complex issue regarding the co-existence of inhabitants and powerful institutions. Having demonstrated the capacity of this game for joint-problem assessment, we believe other participatory research in similar SES could benefit from an early use of such an approach to frame the potential for collaboration.

Balancing Shareability and Positive Interdependence to Support Collaborative Problem-Solving on Interactive Tabletops

To support collaboration, researchers from different fields have proposed the design principles of shareability (engaging users in shared interactions around the same content) and positive interdependence (distributing roles and information to make users dependent on each other). While, on its own, each principle was shown to successfully support collaboration in different contexts, these principles are also partially conflicting, and their combination creates several design challenges. This paper describes how shareability and positive interdependency were jointly implemented in an interactive tabletop-mediated environment called Orbitia, with the aim of inducing collaboration between three adult participants. We present the design details and rationale behind the proposed application. Furthermore, we describe the results of an empirical evaluation focusing on joint problem-solving efficiency, collaboration styles, participation equity, and perceived collaboration effectiveness.