Statistical analysis of gynecological cancer

Background: Gynaecologic cancers constitute huge burden of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Statistics on gynaecologic malignancies is deficient. It is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In India breast cancer ranks number one followed by cervical cancer. The aim of our study was to establish pattern and incidence of gynaecological malignancy.Methods: This hospital based study was conducted in Sri Guru Ramdass Institute of medical sciences and research, Amritsar on 282 patients from March 2020 to December 2020. The demographic data of all cancer patients regarding age, clinical presentation, site, staging, histopathology and treatment given was collected and was analysed in tabulated form.Results: In our study, breast cancer was the commonest malignancy encountered in 46.09% followed by cervical cancer which constituted 32.26%.Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in 15.24%, endometrial cancer in 3.19%, vulval cancer in 2.12% and vaginal carcinomas in 1.06%.Conclusions: Gynaecological cancers are one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths in women worldwide, hence it is important to be aware of various types of malignancies. In our study, cases reported in advanced stages because of lack of education and COVID scenario as patients were reluctant to visit hospitals. So we must continue to provide our gynecologic oncology patient the highest quality of medical care at the same time assuring maximum safety for patients.

Gynaecological cancers

Gynaecological cancers are malignancies involving the female genital tract, of which there are five types: ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal and vulval cancer. Every year in the UK, more than 21 000 women are diagnosed with a gynaecological cancer and there are 8000 deaths. The NHS is aiming for earlier diagnosis, and campaigns from various UK cancer groups are hoping to increase awareness among women. This article will discuss the epidemiology, risk factors and clinical features of gynaecological cancers and provide a summary of investigation and management in primary and secondary care.

Pattern of female gynecological malignancies in south Punjab Region of Pakistan: An overview of 5 years.

Objectives: To find out the pattern of female gynecological malignancies in Pakistan, with the aim of providing basis for the development of preventive strategies to combat the current trend. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Department of Oncology, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan. Period: 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2019. Material & Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the cases of female gynecological malignancies presented was carried out using a proforma. The data was analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Results: The gynecological malignancies are the fourth (20.64%) most common female malignancies. Among gynecological cancers; ovarian cancer (47.1%) is the commonest, followed by cervical cancer (24.8%), uterine cancer (11.6%), gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (12.9%), vaginal cancer (2%) and vulval cancer (1.6%). Conclusion: Gynecological malignancies constitute a major portion of female malignancies. The need of the hour is to design effective preventive and control strategies, so as to lower the burden of female gynecological malignancies in future.

Diffuse liver hamartomatosis (diffuse von Meyenburg complexes) mimicking hepatic metastases on a background of previous cancer

Bile duct hamartomas are typically small benign liver lesions that can radiologically mimic metastases on ultrasound and computed tomography, as well as macroscopically. We present a rare and interesting case and review the relevant literature. A 49-year-old woman underwent ultrasound investigation for right upper quadrant pain, which revealed diffuse liver lesions. In the setting of her previous vulval cancer, it was suspected that she had hepatic metastases. This was strongly reinforced with computed tomography and elevated CA 19-9 levels. A liver biopsy revealed diffuse and multifocal bile duct hamartomas and positron emission tomography was negative for metastases or features of cancer recurrence. A diagnosis of diffuse liver hamartomatosis was made. In view of the continuing clinical and laboratory picture, she required regular follow-up. The collective features of this case are unique, as the isolated characteristics of particular interest have not been previously described in the context of a single case. Bile duct hamartomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of multiple liver lesions. CA 19-9 is not a reliable marker for differential diagnosis of this entity.