Influence of Industry 4.0 on Motives and Cultures in the Post-COVID-19 Era

As the challenge of big data impacts how we understand cultural differences, a motive-integrated model of culture is becoming an effective strategy to search for convergence by the fourth industrial revolution called Industry 4.0. This study examines the integration approach of Industry 4.0 in merging motives and cultures to efficiently produce COVID-19 vaccines. Structure equation modelling has been conducted on the data in 38 countries during the period of 2006-2021. Findings indicate that Industry 4.0 has merged achievement motive in reactive culture, power motive in multi-linear active culture, and affiliation motive in linear active culture. The three pairs of motive-cultures have enabled people to successfully produce COVID-19 vaccines 10 times faster than previous approaches for vaccines. To implement Industry 4.0, the reactive countries and multilinear active countries would enhance the achievement and power motives, but the linear active countries would decrease the affiliation motive.

Influence of Industry 4.0 on Asia

As the challenge of big data impacts how we understand cultural differences, a motive-integrated model of culture is becoming an effective strategy to study current culture divergence by the fourth industrial revolution called “Industry 4.0.” This study examines the impact of Industry 4.0 with COVID-19 vaccines on motives and cultures of the world and Asia in the post-COVID-19 era. Structure equation modelling has been conducted on the data in 38 countries during the period of 2006-2021. Findings indicate that Industry 4.0 has enhanced the achievement motive in the reactive culture and the power motive in the multi-linear culture, but it has decreased the affiliation motive in the linear active culture. In addition, Industry 4.0 has enhanced the gross domestic product per capita (GDP) in the linear active and reactive cultures, but it has decreased the GDP in the multi-linear cultures. Finally, Industry 4.0 has made the power and affiliation motives in Asia decrease, but it has increased the achievement motive in Asia.

Why Are We Distracted by Social Media? Distraction Situations and Strategies, Reasons for Distraction, and Individual Differences

Social media is a major source of distraction and thus can hinder users from successfully fulfilling certain tasks by tempting them to use social media instead. However, an understanding of why users get distracted by social media is still lacking. We examine the phenomenon of social media distraction by identifying reasons for, situations of, and strategies against social media distraction. The method adopted is a quantitative online survey (N = 329) with a demographically diverse sample. The results reveal two reasons for social media distraction: social (e.g., staying connected and being available) and task-related distraction (e.g., not wanting to pursue a task). We find individual differences in these reasons for distraction. For social distraction, affiliation motive and fear of missing out (FoMO) are significant predictors, while for task-related distraction, self-regulatory capabilities (self-control, problematic social media use) and FoMO are significant predictors. Additionally, typical distraction situations are non-interactive situations (e.g., watching movies, facing unpleasant tasks). Strategies used to reduce distractions mostly involved reducing external distractions (e.g., silencing the device). This paper contributes to the understanding of social media use by revealing insights into social media distraction from the user perspective.

Seek What You Need

In Motive Disposition Theory, the affiliation motive describes our need to form mutually satisfying bonds, whereas the power motive is the wish to influence others. To understand how these social motives shape play experience, we explore their relationship to Self-Determination Theory and Flow Theory in League of Legends. We find that: higher intimacy motivation is associated with greater relatedness satisfaction, autonomy satisfaction, enjoyment, and the flow dimension of absorption; higher prosocial motivation with more effort invested and the flow dimension fluency of performance; and higher dominance motivation with lower relatedness satisfaction but higher competence satisfaction and increased flow in both dimensions. We demonstrate that in addition to being driven to satisfy universal needs, players also possess individualized needs that explain our underlying motives and ultimately shape our gaming preferences and experiences. Our results suggest that people do not merely gravitate towards need-supportive situations, but actively seek, change, and create situations based on their individualized motives.

Self Disclosure Santri Remaja di Media Sosial: Peran Self Identity Status dan Affiliation Motive

One of the most important developmental tasks for adolescents is to find self-identity. Some of the teenagers take education in Islamic boarding schools so that they have a special predicate as Islamic students or santri. For this reason, it is important to understand how the process of developing adolescent students in the formation of their identity status as Islamic students in the current modern era. This study aims to determine the effect of self identity status and affiliation motive on self disclosure in adolescent Islamic students. This study uses a quantitative correlational method with a total of 140 students was obtained through random sampling techniques. Data collection tools using self identity status scale, affiliation motive scale and self disclosure scale. The multiple linear regression analysis show that there is an influence of self identity status and affiliation motive on self disclosure on social media.

Motives and Laterality: Exploring the Links

Objectives We explored associations between the needs for power, achievement, and affiliation and functional cerebral asymmetries (FCAs), guided by three established hypotheses about the nature of these associations. Methods One-hundred-and-seven participants completed picture-story measures of dispositional motives and activity inhibition (AI), a frequent moderator of motive-behavior associations, tasks measuring FCAs (line bisection, chimeric emotional face judgments, turning bias, perceptual and response asymmetries on the Poffenberger task), self-reported laterality preferences (handedness, footedness, ear and eye preference), and interhemispheric interaction (crossed-uncrossed difference). They also completed an experiment manipulating hand contractions (left, right, both, neither) while they worked on a second picture-story motive measure. Results Dispositional power motivation was associated with stronger rightward asymmetry and less interhemispheric transfer in high-AI and stronger leftward asymmetry and more interhemispheric transfer in low-AI individuals. For the affiliation motive, findings were fewer and in the opposite direction of those for the power motive. These findings emerged for men, but not for women. Left- or right-hand contractions led to increases in power and achievement motivation, but not affiliation motivation. Only left-hand contractions led to decreased AI. Conclusions We discuss these findings in the context of sex-dimorphic organizing and activating effects of steroids on motives and laterality.

Motivational foundations of identifying and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities

PurposeMotivation can serve as the engine that turns intention into action, and, as such, is indispensable in the early phase of the entrepreneurial process, where opportunity recognition and exploitation are key. However, research in this area has so far shed a selective spotlight on specific facets of entrepreneurial motivation, whereas the consideration of basic motives has been widely neglected. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to illuminate the basic motivational foundations of one core aspect of entrepreneurial behavior, namely opportunity recognition.Design/methodology/approachThe study examined how motivation influences the process of recognizing and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities in a sample of 312 managing directors and managing partners of small and medium-sized enterprises. Opportunity recognition and exploitation were assessed by two different measures: one evaluating the objective number of recognized and realized business opportunities, the other assessing the perceived proficiency in identifying and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities. Implicit and explicit facets of basic motivation were measured using a comprehensive assessment of human needs.FindingsFindings show that entrepreneurs' achievement motive is an important driver in both the identification and exploitation of opportunity. The power motive affects the perceived ability to exploit business opportunities. Interestingly, the explicit affiliation motive showed an inhibitory effect on the perceived ability of opportunity identification, whereas implicit affiliation motive is affecting the number of recognized and realized business opportunities positively.Originality/valueThis research clearly highlights the preeminence of basic motivational factors in explaining individual early-stage entrepreneurial behavior, making them a prime target for training interventions.

People Prefer Politicians with Matching Implicit Motives: A Study on the Achievement and Affiliation Motives

ObjectiveFor centuries, researchers have been interested in the factors determining political preference. These four studies tested the prediction that a match between political leaders’ and voters’ implicit motives – i.e., non-conscious tendencies to strive for particular social rewards – predicts the appeal of leaders.MethodWe used student samples in all studies (Study 1a: N = 100; Study 1b: N = 52; Study 2: N = 72; Study 3: N = 62). We assessed two implicit motives: (a) the achievement motive, which refers to striving for excellence, and (b) the affiliation motive, which refers to striving for social harmony. Correlational analyses and polynomial regression with response surface analysis were used to assess the relation between implicit motives and political preference.ResultsParticipants were more likely to positively evaluate and vote for politicians whose speeches indicated a motive profile that matched their own implicit motives. Thus, people who are relatively achievement-motivated prefer relatively achievement-motivated candidates, and participants who are relatively affiliation-motivated prefer relatively affiliation -motivated candidates. Conversely, explicitly measured motives did not have these predictive effects.ConclusionsThese results indicate that individual differences in implicit motives play a significant role in political preference.

Change in the Motivation to Receive Treatment by Overweight Adolescent Girls in the Course of Counseling

The purpose of this study was to reveal changes in the motivation to receive treatment by overweight adolescent girls in the course of counseling. Methods and Results: The study included 2 groups of overweight girls with gynecological disorders aged between 14 years and 16 years. Group 1 comprised 20 girls admitted to a hospital for the first time; Group 2 consisted of 20 girls who had undergone treatment earlier (were admitted repeatedly). The motivational-personal sphere was studied using the following methods: (1) McClelland’s method for testing social and psychological activity motivators; (2) S.R. Panteleev’s research method of self-attitude; (3) EAT-26; (4) The body satisfaction method by Collins. The results obtained showed that changing motivation to receive treatment is a complex process implying changes in motivational induction: Achievement Motive, Affiliation Motive, Help Motive, Development Motive, and Cognition Motive. It was also revealed that directly acting motives prevailed over those emerging due to awareness of the treatment’s purpose. Conclusion: a specially developed counseling process comprising diagnostic, informational, correctional and developmental aspects of working with adolescent girls individually and in groups contributed to changing motivation to receive treatment by overweight adolescent girls.