Network Anonymity and Cyberbullying among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model

Cyberbullying is an important issue which prevails among children and adolescents. The present study aimed to investigate the association between network anonymity and cyberbullying behavior and examine the mediating role of network morality and the moderating role of self-control in the linkage of network anonymity and cyberbullying behavior. A total of 620 participants were recruited from three high schools in southeast China and were required to complete a questionnaire measuring network anonymity, cyberbullying behavior, network morality, and self-control. A moderated mediation model was conducted by using PROCESS Macro for SPSS 3.5. The results showed that network anonymity was negatively associated with cyberbullying behavior among Chinese adolescents. Network morality mediated the association and self-control moderated the indirect association between network anonymity and cyberbullying behavior via network morality. These findings indicate that improving the network morality and self-control of adolescents with the joint efforts of individuals, families, government, and society as a whole may be an effective intervention strategy for cyberbullying behavior under the framework of digital citizens.

Roles y prácticas educativas en el proceso de inclusión de estudiantes con dificultades de comunicación

Las prácticas docentes inclusivas para abordar los problemas de lenguaje más comunes en una escuela regular y su proceso de intervención lo realiza la Unidad de Servicio de Apoyo a la Educación Regular (USAER), desde el área de comunicación, por lo cual, el estudio se perfila a las estrategias didácticas que favorecen el nivel fonológico en alumnos que presentan dislalia funcional. Las prácticas docentes del especialista logopeda, se traducen en acciones inclusivas que atienden el trastorno lingüístico como una necesidad actual de relevancia, sobre todo en aquellos alumnos que lo presentan por rotacismo, es decir, con dificultad con el fonema r en todas sus dimensiones, siendo éste, el de mayor grado de dificultad, debido al proceso de maduración fisiológica. Por lo tanto, favorecer y proporcionar herramientas que permitan minimizar y posiblemente erradicar dichas dificultades, implica indagar acerca de la estrategia inclusiva que permitirá de una manera atractiva e innovadora, estimular la producción del lenguaje. Para esto, el diseño de programas específicos, aplicación de diversas pruebas estandarizadas para evaluar el lenguaje, entrevistas, cuadernos de seguimiento para casa y registros anecdóticos, fungen como instrumentos de recogida de datos eficaz para elegir la estrategia de intervención efectiva para el estudio en cuestión. The inclusive teaching practices to address the most common language problems in a regular school and its intervention process is carried out by the Unit of Support Service to Regular Education (USAER), from the area of communication, therefore, the study is profiled to didactic strategies that favor the phonological level in students who present functional dyslalia. The teaching practices of the speech therapist specialist, are translated into inclusive actions that address the linguistic disorder as a current need of relevance, especially in those students who present it by rotacism, that is, with difficulty with the phoneme r in all its dimensions, this being the one with the highest degree of difficulty, due to the physiological maturation process. Therefore, favoring and providing tools that allow minimizing and possibly eradicating such difficulties, implies investigating about the inclusive strategy that will allow, in an attractive and innovative way, stimulating the production of language. For this purpose, the design of specific programs, the application of various standardized tests to evaluate language, interviews, home follow-up notebooks and anecdotal records, serve as effective data collection instruments to choose the effective intervention strategy for the study in question.

“There Isn’t Really Anything around Here…”: Autism, Education and the Experience of Families Living in Rural Coastal England

Autism affects over 2% of the school population in England. Education has proven to be an effective intervention strategy that improves the quality of life of children with autism and their families. However, governmental austerity policies have increased disadvantage in coastal areas of England with a detrimental impact on people with disabilities. This qualitative study explored the lives of families living with autism in rural coastal England. Mothers, fathers, grandparents and young people from 21 families living with autism in West Norfolk and Cornwall shared their experience through semi-structured interviews that were conducted in early 2019. Families identified positive and negative aspects of living in these areas, including barriers preventing access to and inclusion in education. Barriers were related to poor infrastructure, sparse specialised services (resulting in diagnostic delay and difficulties), limited autism awareness, lack of trained professionals, and the impact of austerity across health, social care and education. Families’ struggles are amplified by the intersectionality of (a) autism-specific needs, (b) physical distance and small-community life related to rurality and (c) the seasonal and peripheral nature of coastal life. Access to education for children with autism in rural coastal areas of England could be improved by acknowledging and addressing the intersecting factors intensifying their marginalisation.

Learners’ Reflective Practice between the Repeated Performances of Tasks: Effects on Second Language Development

This study attempted to explore the role of reflection in the accurate use of the English regular past tense structure using task repetition. Thirty-one learners were assigned into two conditions: task repetition only (TR) and task repetition with self-reflection (TR+SR). Both groups repeated an oral narrative task two times and then carried out a new task of the same type (i.e., another oral narrative task). However, only the TR+SR learners were engaged in self-reflection through responding to a questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study. Results revealed that learners’ reflection on their first task performance helped them notice the gap between their existing and target structure use as attested by their significantly high scores in the repeated tasks as well as the new task. The results therefore indicate the potential of reflective practice as an effective intervention strategy between repeated performances of the same task in terms of accuracy.

Lifestyle Medicine for Chronic Lower Back Pain: An Evidence-Based Approach

Lower back pain is a leading cause of work absence and activity limitations globally, with a 60% to 85% lifetime chance of occurrence. This article highlights the role that lifestyle medicine plays in managing lower back pain as a cost-effective intervention strategy. It is suggested that lifestyle medicine strategies, such as incorporating whole foods and a plant-based diet, sustainable physical activity and mind-body exercises, restorative sleep, stress resiliency, awareness and mitigation of substance abuse and addiction, and establishing meaningful social networks and self-care strategies, be a part of managing chronic lower back pain.

Is imperfect evaluation a deterrent to adoption of energy audit recommendations?

PurposeEnergy-efficiency leads to productivity gains as it can lower operating and maintenance costs, increase production yields per unit of manufacturing input and improve staff accountability. Implementation of energy-efficient technologies amongst industries, the factors influencing them and the barriers to their adoption have been the subject of several studies during the past three to four decades. Though energy-use behaviours of individuals or households are sufficiently explored, industrial energy conservation behaviour is scarcely studied. This study identifies the relationship between the different behavioural elements to open up a door for behaviourally informed intervention research.Design/methodology/approachTotal interpretive structural modelling technique was used to determine the relationship between different elements of the behaviour of energy managers. Expert responses were collected to understand the relationship between the behavioural elements, through telephone interviews.FindingsThe study identified the relationship between the behavioural elements and found imperfect evaluation as the key element with the highest driving power to influence other elements.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors postulate that a behaviourally informed intervention strategy that looks into the elements with high driving power such as imperfect evaluation, lack of focus on energy-saving measures and the lack of sharing energy-saving objectives can lead to: an increase in the adoption of energy efficiency measures and thereby a reduction in the energy efficiency gap; greater productivity gains and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; Preparation of M&V protocol that incorporates behavioural, organisational and informational barriers.Social implicationsVarious policy level interventions and regulatory measures in the energy field which did not address the behavioural barriers are found unsuccessful in narrowing the energy-efficiency gap, reducing the GHG gas emissions and global warming. Understanding the key driving factor of behaviour can help to design an effective intervention strategy to address the barriers to energy efficiency improvement.Originality/valueUnderstanding the key driving factor of behaviour can help to design an effective intervention strategy to address the barriers to energy efficiency improvement. This study argues that through the systematic analysis of the imperfect evaluation of energy audit recommendations, it is possible to increase the adoption of energy efficiency measures that can lead to greater productivity gains and reduced GHG emissions.

Modeling the Dynamics of Drug Spreading in China

Drug abuse remains one of the major public health issues at the global level. In this article, we propose a drug epidemic model with a complete addiction–rehabilitation–recovery process, which allows the initiation of new users under the influence of drug addicts undergoing treatment and hidden drug addicts. We first conduct qualitative analyses of the dynamical behaviors of the model, including the existence and positivity of the solutions, the basic reproduction number, global asymptotic stabilities of both the drug-free and the drug-persistent equilibria, as well as sensitivity analysis. Then we use the model to predict the drug epidemic in China during 2020–2030. Finally, we numerically simulate the potential impact of intervention strategies on different drug users. The results show that the drug epidemic will decrease significantly during 2020−2030, and the most effective intervention strategy to eliminate drug epidemics is to strengthen the investigation and rehabilitation admission of hidden drug users.

The mindfulness trajectories of addressing suicidal behaviour: A systematic review

Background and objectives: Suicidal behaviour has been a persistent concern in medical as well as general settings. Many psychotherapeutic approaches have tried to address suicidal behaviour in different ways. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have garnered much attention in the last decade because of their treatment efficacy. This systematic review aimed to examine evidence-based research regarding the effectiveness of MBIs as a psychotherapy intervention on suicidality and to deliver suggestions that might help future research. Method: The identification of literature was made through an extensive search of the electronic databases, to extract studies relating to the efficacy of MBIs on addressing suicidal behaviour. Additional researches based on library sources were searched manually. The studies’ selection was based on a pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the quality of the studies. Results: The present review helped us identify 13 studies, including six randomised controlled trials, two controlled studies and five pre-post observational studies. The findings reported in the studies were mostly favourable to MBIs as an effective intervention strategy for suicidal behaviour. Conclusion: MBIs show promising effects as an intervention for suicidal behaviour. However, large scale, high-quality trials with active control, and long term intervention efficacy studies are needed to understand the mechanisms through which MBIs reduce suicidal behaviour.

7. Use of Manual Signs and Gestures by Hearing Persons

In Chapter 7, the authors change focus from the use of signs by deaf persons and with individuals with disabilities to how signing may enhance the learning and processing of spoken language by typically developing hearing children and adults. The first topic examined is the use of signs to foster infants’ and young children’s acquisition of their principal spoken language. Signs may further serve as an effective intervention strategy in academic settings for children with ADHD or as a means to improving vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension for children who lag behind their age group on various language performance measures. Iconic signs and representative gestures may also be used to facilitate the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary when the signs are paired with the to-be-learned words. Finally, various studies concerning the positive benefits of learning to sign promote the possibility that using the visual-gestural modality may confer increased skills in various cognitive domains such as spatial memory, mental rotation, and facial discrimination.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Nantong, China

Introduction: COVID-19 is a newly emerging life-threatening respiratory disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Methodology: We included 28 COVID-19 patients admitted to Nantong Third Hospital from January 23 to February 26, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed using real-time RT-PCR. The demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory parameters were obtained from each patient. Results: The vast majority (71.4%) of confirmed COVID-19 patients were brought in from outside of the city, and all others had contact history with these confirmed cases. The median age of patients was 50 years old and half had underlying diseases. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (96.4%), cough (67.9%), and chilly (28.6%), and 75.0% patients had two or more symptoms. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein levels, and reduced absolute counts of total lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were observed among the patients. The vast majority (85.7%) of patients showed bilateral or unilateral pneumonia, and three symptomatic patients and one asymptomatic case did not show abnormalities in their CT image. Among the 28 admitted patients, 24 were discharged as of February 26, 2020, with an average hospital stay of 14.96 (±4.27) days, which was not significantly associated with the interval between the onset of symptoms and admission. Conclusions: In the absence of specific antiviral drugs or a vaccine, quarantine or isolation is the most effective intervention strategy for preventing the spread of the virus. Adequate supportive medical care is crucial for good prognosis of COVID-19 patients.