The evaluation of compounding prescription and its availability of a licensed product for children at a private hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Introduction: The availability of licensed drug formulas for paediatric patients is still limited, so compounded drugs still exist, especially in the form of divided medicinal powder. Aim: This study aimed to determine the profile of divided medicinal powder prescription and its availability in licensed drug formula for paediatric patients. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. Prescriptions containing order to compound divided medicinal powder at a ublic Hospital in Yogyakarta Special Region from January to March 2019, were collected and analysed descriptively. Results: The total collected prescriptions were 152. The total of active substances given to paediatric patients was 38. The most prescribed drug in the hospital was Triamcinolone. There are 34 active substances already available in licensed drug formulas for paediatric patients, so it is better not to be compounded. However, four active substances are not available as licensed product in the drug information handbook in Indonesia, so, it is reasonable to compound to provide a suitable medication (dose and dosage form) for paediatric patients.

Study on Morphological and Microscopic Characteristics of Abelmoschus sagittifolius (Kurz) Merr. in Vietnam

Sam bo chinh (Abelmoschus sagittifolius (Kurz) Merr.) is a precious medicinal plant that has been exploited and planted in Vietnam for a long time. However, the morphological characteristics of this plant is easy to confuse with other species of the same genus. In addition, the microscopic characteristics and medicinal powder composition of this medicinal plant have not been comprehensively described. The present investigation was aimed to determine the morphological and microscopic characters of Sam bo chinh using comparative morphology, anatomical research and medicinal powder analysis. The complete description of morphological and microscopic characteristics reported in this study will serve as valuable data for the conservation and development of this species in Vietnam. Keywords Morphology, microscopic characteristics, medicinal plant, Abelmoschus sagittifolius. References [1] The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021, http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:558042-1, (accessed on: 7th May 2021).[2] P. H. Ho, Medicinal Plants in Vietnam, Tre Publishing House, Ho Chi Minh, 2006, pp. 112 (in Vietnamese).[3] D. H. Bich et al., Medicinal Plants and Medicinal Animals in Vietnam, Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 2006, pp. 690-693 (in Vietnamese).[4] Ministry of Health, Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia V, Medical Publishing House, Hanoi, 2018, pp. 1310-1311 (in Vietnamese).[5] G. L. D. Chen, Y. Y. Liu, G. X. Ma, W. Zheng, X. B. Sun, X. D. Xu, A New Cadinane Sesquiterpenoid Glucoside with Cytotoxicity from Abelmoschus sagittifolius, Natural Product Research, Vol. 33, 2019, pp. 1699-1704, https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1431635.[6] D. T. Vui, Study Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects towards The Treatment Gastric Ulcers of The Roots of Abelmoschus sagittifolius (Kurz) Merr. Malvaceae, Doctoral Thesis, National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Hanoi, 2007 (in Vietnamese).[7] D. T. Xuyen, Some New Information on The Genus Abelmoschus Medic. in Vietnam, Scientific Report on Ecology and Biological Resources, The First National Conference, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, 2005 (in Vietnamese).[8] N. N. Thin, Methods of Plant Research, Vietnam National University Press, Hanoi, 2007 (in Vietnamese).[9] N. Ba, Plant Morphology, Vietnam Education Publishing House, Hanoi, 2006 (in Vietnamese).[10] N. V. Than, Testing Medicinal Herbs by Microscopic Method, Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 2003 (in Vietnamese).[11] P. H. Raven, H. D. W. Zhengyi, Flora of China, Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis), China and USA, 2007, pp. 283-285.[12] Abelmoschus moschatus (L.) Medik, http://uphcm.edu.vn/caythuoc/index.php?q=book/export/html/298, (accessed on: May 25th, 2020) (in Vietnamese)

Botanical Characteristics of Balanophora SP. Balanophoraceae

From the past up to now, Balanophora sp. has been used by the Dao as a valuable remedyfor bones and joints such as back pain, paralysis of limbs, sexual improvement, strengthening ... Thisprecious medicinal plant grows and develops well in marble forests, at an altitude of over 1500 meters above sea level, found most in some northern mountainous areas such as Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Cao Bang, Hoa Binh, Ha Giang, Son. La…. In this research, we described and systemized data on morphology,microscopy characteristics of Vietnamese Balanophora sp. . The obtained results show that the Balanophora sp. in Cao Bang province, scientifically named Balanophora indica (Arnott) Griff, belongs to the Balanophoraceae, which have built a relatively complete data set on anatomy andmicro-anatomy characteristics of roots, leaves, whole-plant medicinal powder. The results of this study contribute to completing the monographs of the Balanophora indica (Arnott) Griff in the Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia. Keywords Balanophora sp.; balanophoraceae; morphological; microscopy. References [1] Ministry of Health. Vietnam Pharmacopoeia V, 2017, PL12.18 (in Vietnamese).[2] P.H. Hộ. All Illustrated Flora of Vietnam J. Tre, Ho Chi Minh (2003) 140 (in Vietnamese),[3] D.H. Bich, Medicinal Plants and Animals in Vietnam Science and Technics Publishing House, National Institue of Medicinal Materials 1 (2002) 555 (in Vietnamese),[4] X. Wang, Z. Liu, W. Qiao, R. Cheng, B. Liu and G. Shel, Phytochemicals and biological studies of plants from the genus Balanophora, Chemistry Central Journal (2012) 6-79.

A CASE REPORT ON PRADHAMANA NASYA: AN AYURVEDIC POWDER INHALATION

Nasal medication known as Nasya (medication through nasal route) is one among the Panchakarma (five internal bio-cleansing therapies) procedures which delivers drugs through the nasal route to cure ailments related to head and neck. Ayurvedic classics explain management of Sanyasa (coma) with immediate administration of most Tikshna (high potency) Nasya (medication through nasal route) and Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya (Nasya therapy by medicated powder insufflations). The present case report attempts to disclose the significance of an Ayurveda treatment modality Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya in an unanticipated medical condition (deep stupor) happened to a patient admitted to National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma (NARIP) Cheruthuruthy for the treatment of low back pain. On examination of the case, it was found that the patient was in deep stupor (Grade III state of awareness as per Grady coma Scale- and score seven on Glasgow coma scale GGCS). In this case, Rasnadi Choorna was selected for Pradhamana Nasya. The medicine was administered after placing the medicinal powder in a fine thin cotton cloth and a Pottali was made and it was just introduced into patent’s nostrils. Immediately after the administration of Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya the patient wake up from deep stupor state and became alert. This case report is an attempt to reveal the effect of Nasya in an unexpected medical condition and it also gives a new ray of hope to conditions of disturbed consciousness through nasal route of drug delivery.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN TAMAN DAN SERBUK TANAMAN OBAT DI TEMBALANG SEMARANG

Indonesia merupakan negeri yang subur, banyak tanaman yang dapat tumbuh, antara lain tanaman obat, tetapi sampai saat ini belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal, sehingga perlu adanya sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat. Adanya Pelatihan Pembuatan Taman Dan Serbuk Tanaman Obat Di Pondok Pesantren Mahasiswa Nurul Hikmah Di Kecamatan Tembalang, Kotamadya Semarang, merupakan transfer ilmu dan penerapan teknologi tepat guna kepada masyarakat khususnya di Pondok Pesantren Mahasiswa Nurul Hikmah. Pemanfaatan tanaman obat selain untuk dikonsumsi juga untuk penghijauan atau penghias halaman rumah. Pelatihan ini mampu memberikan edukasi kepada mahasiswa di Pondok Pesantren Mahasiswa Nurul Hikmah cara menanam, merawat tanaman obat yang baik dan benar. Indonesia is a fertile country, many plants can grow, including medicinal plants, but until now it has not been utilized optimally, so there needs to be socialization and training for the community. Training on the Making of Parks and Medicinal Powder at the Islamic Boarding School of Nurul Hikmah In Tembalang Subdistrict, Semarang Municipality, is a transfer of knowledge and the application of appropriate technology to the community, especially in the Islamic Boarding School of Nurul Hikmah. Use of medicinal plants in addition to being consumed also for reforestation or decorating the home page. This training is able to provide education to students at the Islamic Boarding School Student Nurul Hikmah. The wisdom of how to plant, treat medicinal plants that are good and right.