THE DIARY GENRE IN THE WORKS OF MARIA MATIOS: TYPOLOGY AND POETICS

The purpose of the publication is a systematic observation of the artistic assimilation of genre features of diarіstics in works Maria Matios “Diary of the Executed”, “Private Diary. ... Maidan. War...”, aimed at a special study of the variability of the interaction of documentary and artistic types of writing, the dominance of one or another of them and, accordingly, the formation of original poetics of narrative systems. Methods. For this purpose, aesthetic and historical-comparative research methods are used.Results. In the article for the first time the diary segment of the work of the modern Ukrainian writer, laureate of the Taras Shevchenko National Prize of Ukraine Maria Matios is thoroughly investigated. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of the texts, it was concluded that the genre features of the diary are the construction of the text as a series of notes that date events from the life of the “I”-narrator, as well as their chronicity, discreteness, сontents and formal diversity, conceptual unprogrammability, subjectivity, etc. At the same time the artistic core of the works is acute conflicts of socio-psychological and civic and political type which model a plot, build a system of characters and gives the text more or less aesthetics.“The Diary of the Executed” is an artistic and epic work created on the model of fictionalized female diary; actually a novel in which the diary is both an artistic image, and an architectural principle, and a compositional and stylistic technique, which in a memoir-receptive way organizes disclosure of the topic (self-knowledge and self-formation of a woman’s personality through diary writing-reading). The work has a distinct melodramatic character, emphasizes private story on a gray background of general existence and through an essayistic mosaic of thoughts and states asserts the power of a woman’s consciousness over her subconscious.“The Private Diary. ...Maidan. The War...” is a typical literary diary, actually a diariush which testifies to the active presence of its author – writer, politician, cultural and public figure, woman (daughter, sister, wife, mother, grandmother, colleague and friend), person – Maria Matios in stormy present of Ukraine. From a formal point of view it is a kind of documentary-artistic meta-genre – a novel-chronicle which fixes the events from 30 November 2013 to 5 July 2015 through the prism of personal perception and direct involvement of the narrator in them. The work has a powerful problematic and realistic background, expressive essayistic and reporting narrative; at the same time its aesthetics provides the artistry of speech, techniques of composition, poetic descriptions, etc.The development of the genre of diary in the creativity of M. Matios reflects her literary evolution.Key words: nonfiction, memoiristics, novel of the beginning of the 21st century, eseyistycs, meta-genre. Мета. Метою публікації є системні спостереження щодо мистецького засвоєння жанрових ознак діаристики в творах Марії Матіос «Щоденник страченої», «Приватний щоденник. ...Майдан. Війна...», спрямовані на спеціальне вивчення варіативності взаємодії документального та художнього типів письма, домінування того чи того з них і, відповідно, виформування оригінальних поетик оповідних систем.Методи. З цією метою використано естетичний та історико-порівняльний методи дослідження.Результати. У статті вперше цілісно досліджено щоденниковий сегмент доробку сучасної української письменниці, лауреатки Національної премії України імені Т.Г.Шевченка Марії Матіос.Висновки. Унаслідок аналізу текстів дійшли висновку, що жанровими ознаками щоденника є побудова тексту як низки нотаток, котрі датовано фіксують події із життя «Я»-наратора, як і їхня хронікальність, дискретність, змістова і формальна різноплановість, концептуальна незапрограмованість, суб’єктивованість тощо. Водночас художнє ядро творів – гострі конфлікти соціально-психологічного й громадянсько-політичного типу, які моделюють сюжетику, розбудовують систему персонажів, більшою або меншою мірою естетизують текст.«Щоденник страченої» – це художньо-епічний твір, створений за взірцем белетризованого жіночого діарія; власне роман, у якому щоденник – і художній образ, і архітектонічний принцип, і композиційно-стильовий прийом, котрий у мемуарно-рецептивному ключі організовує розгортання теми (самопізнання й особистісне становлення жінки через щоденникове письмо-читання). Твір має виразний мелодраматичний характер, акцентує приватну історію на сірому фоні загального буття, через есеїстичну мозаїку думок і станів утверджує владу свідомості жінки над її підсвідомим.«Приватний щоденник. ...Майдан. Війна...» – це типовий літературний щоденник, власне діаріуш, який засвідчує діяльну присутність його авторки – письменниці, політика, культурно-громадської діячки, жінки (доньки, сестри, дружини, матері, бабусі, колеги, подруги), людини – Марії Матіос у буремному сьогоденні України. Із формального погляду це різновид документально-художнього метажанру – роман-хроніка, який фіксує події Революції Гідності й початку російсько-української війни від 30.11.2013р. до 05.07.2015р. крізь призму особистого сприйняття й безпосередньої причетності до них нараторки. У творі потужне проблемно-реалістичне тло, виразна есеїстична та репортажна оповідальність; воднораз його естетичність забезпечують художнє мовлення, прийоми композиції, поетичність описів тощо.Розвиток жанру щоденника у творчості М.Матіос є одним із чинників, що відображають її письменницьку еволюцію.Ключові слова: документалістика, мемуаристика, роман початку ХХІ ст., есеїстика, метажанр.

The human concept in Russian Neomodernist prose of the 21st Century

Research subject is grounding efficiency and topicality of Russian literature (and its studies) as a cultural project, that could be apologia of a traditional individual. Methodological basis is anthropocentric literature of Erich Auerbach, Dmitry Likhachev, Sergey Averintsev, Harold Bloom, in which literary text analysis, assessment of genre structures lead to the conclusions on the individual’s state under the established cultural tradition. Analysis of contemporary Russian novels outlines authors’ worlds. Reading them evokes various images: of a passionate individual, often with certain intent, but always affected by the interaction with crises and voids (Yury Buida), an individual characterized by various anti-totalitarian acts, by aspiration to exercise the freedom of thought in everyday life (Ludmila Ulitskaya), an egocentric individual, believing that the most significant victories come in the representation of the own self (Edward Limonov), an individual prone to interaction with totalitarian principles, synthesizing non-canonic metaphysical forms and attributes of strong state under ambivalent relations of utopia and anti-utopia (Vladimir Sorokin), an individual actively exploring modern world and general existence in motions, related by the author to Oriental cognition principles and spiritual practices (Victor Pelevin). Our focused literary analysis aims at combining all text moves in plot and language that represent evolvement of a person as one of the central problems of any novel.

Existence of quasi-periodic responses in quasi-periodically forced nonlinear mechanical systems

Forced responses of mechanical systems are crucial design and performance criteria. Hence, their robust and reliable calculation is of vital importance. While numerical computation of periodic responses benefits from an extensive mathematical basis, the literature for quasi-periodically forced systems is limited. More specifically, the absence of applicable and general existence criterion for quasi-periodic orbits of nonlinear mechanical systems impedes definitive conclusions from numerical methods such as harmonic balance. In this work, we establish a general existence criterion for quasi-periodically forced vibratory systems with nonlinear stiffness terms. Our criterion does not rely on any small parameters and hence is applicable for large response and forcing amplitudes. On explicit numerical examples, we demonstrate how our existence criterion can be utilized to justify subsequent numerical computations of forced responses.

Testing and Evaluation of Anchor Channels under Fatigue Loading

Cast-in anchor channels are used to connect steel components to concrete structures e.g., for elevators, cranes or machines, where repeated load cycles require verification against fatigue failure. The fatigue resistance of anchor channels may be determined by tests according to the interactive method, which provides a complete description of the S/N curve from one to infinite load cycles according to the current assessment document. This procedure differs from conventional fatigue concepts, which do not consider loads that are part of low cycle fatigue, but also question the general existence of an endurance limit. An alternative approach presented in this paper is based on the assumption that the S/N curve can be approximated by a bilinear function. The procedure for the evaluation of fatigue tests on anchor channels embedded in concrete is described. A comparison with the current qualification criteria is given by a test example to discuss the applicability of the proposed method.

Strong and Weak Equilibria for Time-Inconsistent Stochastic Control in Continuous Time

A new definition of continuous-time equilibrium controls is introduced. As opposed to the standard definition, which involves a derivative-type operation, the new definition parallels how a discrete-time equilibrium is defined and allows for unambiguous economic interpretation. The terms “strong equilibria” and “weak equilibria” are coined for controls under the new and standard definitions, respectively. When the state process is a time-homogeneous continuous-time Markov chain, a careful asymptotic analysis gives complete characterizations of weak and strong equilibria. Thanks to the Kakutani–Fan fixed-point theorem, the general existence of weak and strong equilibria is also established under an additional compactness assumption. Our theoretic results are applied to a two-state model under nonexponential discounting. In particular, we demonstrate explicitly that there can be incentive to deviate from a weak equilibrium, which justifies the need for strong equilibria. Our analysis also provides new results for the existence and characterization of discrete-time equilibria under infinite horizon.

Differential Galois cohomology and parameterized Picard–Vessiot extensions

Assuming that the differential field [Formula: see text] is differentially large, in the sense of [León Sánchez and Tressl, Differentially large fields, preprint (2020); arXiv:2005.00888 ], and “bounded” as a field, we prove that for any linear differential algebraic group [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text], the differential Galois (or constrained) cohomology set [Formula: see text] is finite. This applies, among other things, to closed ordered differential fields in the sense of [Singer, The model theory of ordered differential fields, J. Symb. Logic 43(1) (1978) 82–91], and to closed[Formula: see text]-adic differential fields in the sense of [Tressl, The uniform companion for large differential fields of characteristic [Formula: see text], Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 357(10) (2005) 3933–3951]. As an application, we prove a general existence result for parameterized Picard–Vessiot (PPV) extensions within certain families of fields; if [Formula: see text] is a field with two commuting derivations, and [Formula: see text] is a parameterized linear differential equation over [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] is “differentially large” and [Formula: see text] is bounded, and [Formula: see text] is existentially closed in [Formula: see text], then there is a PPV extension [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] for the equation such that [Formula: see text] is existentially closed in [Formula: see text]. For instance, it follows that if the [Formula: see text]-constants of a formally real differential field [Formula: see text] is a closed ordered[Formula: see text]-field, then for any homogeneous linear [Formula: see text]-equation over [Formula: see text] there exists a PPV extension that is formally real. Similar observations apply to [Formula: see text]-adic fields.

The Ontology of Recorded Sound

The chapter begins with a discussion of the role of the metaphor in the formation of sound’s ontology by situating metaphorical descriptions of sound within a discussion of existing definitions of sound found in various musicological and philosophical works. The chapter shows that different ontological metaphors govern how we make sense of sound in the act of listening and how they are used as cognitive tools with which to do certain things with sound during music production. It is argued that people conceive of the general existence of sound via metaphors and that music listening and music production involve attending to sounds at different ontological levels simultaneously.

Relative age effect: beyond the youth phenomenon

IntroductionInitially described in a sports context in ice hockey in 1985, the relative age effect (RAE) refers to the performance advantages of youth born in the first quarter of the birth year when trying-out for select, age-restricted sports. The competitive advantage bestowed to the relatively older athlete in their age band is the result of the older athlete being more physically and emotionally mature. These more mature players will likely go on to be exposed to better coaching, competition, teammates and facilities in their respective sport.ObjectivesOur study sought to characterise the ubiquity of this effect by examining the birth distribution of some of the world’s most elite athletes, Olympians.MethodsWe extended the exploration of the RAE beyond specific sports by examining the birth quarter of over 44 000 Olympic athlete’s birthdates, born between 1964 and 1996. Our hypothesis was that the RAE would be prominent in both Olympic athletes as a whole and in selected subcategories of athletes.Results and ConclusionThe fractions of births in the first versus the fourth quarter were significantly different (p<0.001) from each other for the summer and winter Olympians, ball and non-ball sports, and team as well as individual sports. This significant difference was not gender specific. We found the general existence of the RAE in Olympic athletes regardless of global classification. Our findings suggest that coaching staff should be cognisant of the RAE when working with young athletes and should take relative age into consideration when evaluating a burgeoning athlete’s abilities.