Energy Balance and Energy Availability During a Selection Course for Belgian Paratroopers

ABSTRACT Introduction Adequate energy supply is a prerequisite for optimal performances and recovery. The aims of the present study were to estimate energy balance and energy availability during a selection course for Belgian paratroopers. Methods Energy expenditure by physical activity was measured with accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+, ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA) and rest metabolic rate in Cal.d−1 with Tinsley et al.’s equation based on fat-free mass = 25.9 × fat-free mass in kg + 284. Participants had only access to the French individual combat rations of 3,600 Cal.d−1, and body fat mass was measured with quadripolar impedance (Omron BF508, Omron, Osaka, Japan). Energy availability was calculated by the formula: ([energy intake in foods and beverages] − [energy expenditure physical activity])/kg FFM−1.d−1, with FFM = fat-free mass. Results Mean (SD) age of the 35 participants was 25.1 (4.18) years, and mean (SD) percentage fat mass was 12.0% (3.82). Mean (SD) total energy expenditure, i.e., the sum of rest metabolic rate, dietary-induced thermogenesis, and physical activity, was 5,262 Cal.d−1 (621.2), with percentile 25 at 4,791 Cal.d−1 and percentile 75 at 5,647 Cal.d−1, a difference of 856 Cal.d−1. Mean daily energy intake was 3,600 Cal.d−1, giving a negative energy balance of 1,662 (621.2) Cal.d−1. Mean energy availability was 9.3 Cal.kg FFM−1.d−1. Eleven of the 35 participants performed with a negative energy balance of 2,000 Cal.d−1, and only five participants out of 35 participants performed at a less than 1,000 Cal.d−1 negative energy balance level. Conclusions Energy intake is not optimal as indicated by the negative energy balance and the low energy availability, which means that the participants to this selection course had to perform in suboptimal conditions.

PO-040 IDEEA Estimation of Daily Behavior Energy Consumption: Verified by Metabolic Chamber

Objective To investigate the accuracy of Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA) in the measurement of energy consumption in the evening of adults in Nanjing. Methods 120 subjects were selected, and worn IDEEA into the metabolic chamber for 11 hours of energy consumption test.Body composition by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Sleep metabolic rate（SMR）,Rest metabolic rate （RMR）and Basal metabolic rate（BMR）by metabolic chamber. Results The energy consumption results were paired with sample T test. The results showed significant difference between MC and IDEEA, but the effect size was between 0.004 and 0.042. The correlation between MC and IDEEA was 0.85 to 0 .96. The absolute error rate of energy consumption measurement was from 6.16 % to 7.92 %, of which the measurement error of sleep energy consumption was 6.16 %±4.16 %, and that of Internet energy consumption was 7.92 %±5.99 %. Conclusions Energy measurement of IDEEA absolute error rate is within acceptable range, and it provides a high-precision alternative method for estimating energy consumption. The immediate and cumulative energy consumption data can be used to estimate the energy consumption for human physical activities over a period of time.

Strength and aerobic training in overweight females in Gdansk, Poland

W e compared the effects of 16-week-training on rest metabolic rate, aerobic power, and body fat, and the post-exercise effects upon rest oxygen uptake and respiratory exchange ratio in overweight middle-aged females. Twenty nine overweight women (BMI 29.9 ± 1.2 kg*m-²) participated in training (3 days a week). The subjects were divided onto groups of aerobic (AT) and strength (ST) training. The results showed that the total body mass decrease and VO2 max increase did not differ in both groups. Decrease in waist circumference after 16 weeks was higher in the ST group. In the ST group fat-free mass increased during the first 8 weeks. Rest metabolic rate was increased significantly at 16th week compared to initial value in ST group only. Significant increase in post-exercise resting VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio at 12 and 36 h was observed after the strength training session only. Increase in rest metabolic rate and post-exercise rest energy expenditure occurred after strength training but not after aerobic training despite the similar increase in aerobic power. The effect of 8-16 weeks of strength training on body mass decrease was higher in comparison to aerobic training.