Analysis of the Tribological Evolution of Nitride-Based Coatings

This chapter describes the fundamental and technological role of nitride-based hard coatings as protective coatings in some applications within the metalworking industry. For this, this chapter will present a critical review of previous research and recent developments on nitride-based coatings in different systems such as (multilayers, quaternaries, among others), where it will be possible to demonstrate their main properties and advantages that they can grant when they are implemented on conventional steels, such as greater hardness, surface control, electrochemical resistance, resistance against wear, among others. These results will determine that this type of coatings are suitable candidates to be implemented as protective coatings on cutting tools, which suffer from high wear in machining processes in the metalworking industry.

Technological Development of CNC Machine Tool for Machining Soft Materials

In recent years, the process carried out in the GACIPE research group is related to the development of the base technology of the manufacturing and metalworking industry. The machine tools that are vital for the consolidation and competitiveness of the industry in any country has been approached through two approaches: The design and construction of the new machine. In this aspect, the modeling of the structure and the displacements’ parameterization allows defining the precision of the movements and the rational use of energy. The adaptation and repowering of a used machine. In this approach, the recovery and technological updating proposed to recover its performance, becoming an excellent alternative to improving and perfecting the production of a company. In both cases, the CNC milling machine tools are controlled by free software. The application proposed is mechanized in soft materials.

Einfluss von Silan-dotierten Umgebungsatmosphären auf tribologischen Eigenschaften von Titan

The production processes of the metalworking industry are usually carried out in the presence of oxygen. Par ticularly due to surface oxidation on tools and parts during production under normal atmosphere, high wear is observed in tribological systems. The focus of these investigations is the question to what extent the ambient atmosphere has an influence on the tribological system. For this purpose, the identification and characterization of wear mechanisms in an oxygen-free atmosphere is of high relevance. To analyse the influence of the ambi ent atmosphere on the tribological properties of titanium, ball-on-disc investigations are carried out on a univer sal tribometer (UMT) in an air, argon and silane-anodized atmosphere. By suppressing the oxidation under ex clusion of oxygen, a reduction of the tribochemical wear could be shown, which is accompanied by a reduction of the wear volume by a Factor of 4.5. However, due to the adhesion of both friction partners, which already occurs at low temperatures, caused by the omission of the friction-reducing cover layers, the friction coefficient increased. In addition, novel alloy formations at the interfaces were detected and analysed.

The Role of Schools of Factory and Plant Apprenticeship in the Training of Qualified Industrial Workers and Servicemen in the 1920s (based on the materials of Moscow and the Moscow Region)

В статье рассматривается процесс создания и деятельности школ фабрично-заводского ученичества в 1920-е годы на примере Москвы и Московской губернии. Школы являлись основной формой обучения молодежи и находились в ведении Московского отдела профессионально-технического образования, осуществлявшего руководство и контроль за их деятельностью. Особенностью данного вида учебных заведений было совмещение процессов обучения и производства. В первой половине 1920-х годов количество школ увеличилось почти в пять раз. Наибольшее количество школ приходилось на широко представленные в данном регионе предприятия текстильной и металлообрабатывающей отраслей промышленности. Финансирование школ осуществлялось за счет государственного снабжения и прикрепления школ к предприятиям. Срок обучения в школах фабрично-заводского ученичества составлял от трех до четырех лет в зависимости от специальности. Однако в условиях острой потребности в квалифицированных кадрах сроки обучения сокращались вплоть до двух лет. Школы фабрично-заводского ученичества, кроме профессионального образования, были призваны проводить общественно-политическое воспитание молодежи. В рамках деятельности школ идеологическое воспитание молодого поколения осуществлялось через преподавание курса обществоведения. Предмет являлся обязательным, а деятельность преподавателей обществоведения находилась под особым контролем Московского отдела профессионального образования. Школы фабрично-заводского ученичества внесли заметный вклад в хозяйственную жизнь страны, подготовив квалифицированных, политически грамотных специалистов для предприятий Московского региона и всей страны. The article focuses on schools of factory and plant apprenticeship that were created and started training industrial workers and servicemen in Moscow and the Moscow Region in the 1920s. Schools of factory and plant apprenticeship were a type of vocational education facility and were supervised by the Moscow Department of Vocational Technical Education. Students of schools of factory and plant apprenticeship were educated generally and trained for non-academic occupations. In the early 1920s the number of schools of factory and plant apprenticeship increased fivefold. A great number of schools trained their students for textile industry and metalworking industry. Schools of factory and plant apprenticeship received financial support from the state and factories they were affiliated to. Schools of factory and plant apprenticeship offered three-year programs and four-year programs depending on the vocation received. However, due to acute demand for qualified industrial workers and servicemen, programs were sometimes limited not to exceed two years. Schools of factory and plant apprenticeship provided their students with vocational education as well as political and ideological education via social studies courses. The social studies course was obligatory for all students and teachers delivering the course were closely monitored by the Moscow Department of Vocational Education. Schools of factory and plant apprenticeship have significantly contributed to the wellbeing of the country by preparing highly-qualified and politically competent specialists for factories and plants of the Moscow Region and the whole country.

Digitalization and Innovative Management of Traditional Manufacturing Industry

Purpose- This study seeks to investigate the collaboration between Digitalization and traditional manufacturing industry and investigate, how digitalized management brings new chances and challenges of management. Design/methodology/approach – The author designed a content analytical study researching the role of digitalization in traditional manufacturing industries. The article presents a selective but systematical review of recent digitalization trend and digital twin to be applied for innovative management in Industry 4.0 era. Findings– Digitalization is highly correlated with traditional manufactory in Industry 4.0 era. The study brings a new outlook on the next wave of Digitalization and review of associated challenges and opportunities for management and innovation in traditional manufacturing industries. Research limitations/implications – The research focuses on two branches of traditional industries only: machine tools building and metalworking industries. Future research needs to examine other traditional industries. The research is limited to 2 high related traditional manufacturing industries, machine tools and metalworking industry. Practical implications – The study and application of digitalization should be highly recommended and launched in traditional manufacturing industries. Universities, institutes and vocational schools should update, optimize their courses systems according to prediction of future industry. Originality/value – The paper enhances understanding about the collaboration between digitalization and traditional manufacturing industry. This paper analyzes an important issue the digitalization serves traditional industries. It is unique in its broad analysis of the related terms – Digitalization, Machines 4.0, Industry 4.0 and innovative management in Industry 4.0 era.