Synthesis and biological evaluation of some newer Indole Derivatives

The indole skeleton is one of the most appealing structures with a wide scope of natural and pharmacological exercises, for example, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer. A progression of new N-Substituted benzyidene 2- (1H-indol-2-yl)benzenamine subordinates (3a-3k) were combined by the response of 2-(o-aminophenyl)indole and fragrant aldehyde within the sight of ethanol with scarcely any drops of acidic corrosive. The response blend was observed by TLC and recrystallized from wanted dissolvable. The structures of these mixes have been affirmed by FTIR, 1HNMR, mass ghastly information, natural investigation. All the combined mixes were assessed for antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activity.the results uncovered that 3g, 3h and 3k display progressively powerful movement against on the two microbes and parasitic species and compound 3h indicated promising inhibitory action against DLA cells which is cancer-causing.

IN VITRO ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF BIOSYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM THE SEAWEED TURBINARIA CONOIDES

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the anticancer potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and hydroethanolic extract of Turbinaria conoides (HETC) against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell line. Methods: Nanoparticles were synthesized from the HETC. An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric analysis was performed to confirm the formation of ZnO-NPs. Size, morphology, and elemental composition of ZnO-NPs were also analyzed using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic activity of ZnO-NPs and HETC was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-. 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypan blue dye exclusion assays on DLA cells. The apoptosis inducing the effect was observed through acridine orange staining method (AO and EB) and DNA ladder assay. Results: The results of in vitro cytotoxic studies by MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assays on DLA cell line in the presence of ZnO-NPs showed an IC50 value of 23.13 and 25.81 μg/ml, respectively. The DNA ladder assay and AO/EB staining clearly demonstrated that the ZnO-NPs at 50 μg/ml concentration induced a maximum apoptosis in DLA cells when compared with HETC. Conclusion: In the present study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic inducing effect of the synthesized ZnO-NPs and HETC were assessed, and it was found that ZnO-NPs possessed potent anticancer effect against DLA cells.

Representation of time interval entrained by periodic stimuli in the visual thalamus of pigeons

Animals use the temporal information from previously experienced periodic events to instruct their future behaviors. The retina and cortex are involved in such behavior, but it remains largely unknown how the thalamus, transferring visual information from the retina to the cortex, processes the periodic temporal patterns. Here we report that the luminance cells in the nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami (DLA) of pigeons exhibited oscillatory activities in a temporal pattern identical to the rhythmic luminance changes of repetitive light/dark (LD) stimuli with durations in the seconds-to-minutes range. Particularly, after LD stimulation, the DLA cells retained the entrained oscillatory activities with an interval closely matching the duration of the LD cycle. Furthermore, the post-stimulus oscillatory activities of the DLA cells were sustained without feedback inputs from the pallium (equivalent to the mammalian cortex). Our study suggests that the experience-dependent representation of time interval in the brain might not be confined to the pallial/cortical level, but may occur as early as at the thalamic level.

POTENTIAL ANTI-TUMOR AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SIX MISTLETOE PLANTS IN THE FAMILY VISCACEAE PRESENT IN WESTERN GHATS, INDIA

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo find out the cytotoxicity, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities of six species of plants belongs to Viscaeceae family available in Western Ghats (India).MethodsIn vitro cytotoxicity of Viscum extracts was studied by trypan blue exclusion method and MTT assay using various cell lines. Anti-tumor activity was determined using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells in mice. Anti-inflammatory activities of Viscum extracts were studied using carrageenan and dextran induced mouse paw edema models in mice.ResultsAll six Viscaeceae plant extracts studied were cytotoxic towards transformed cell lines like DLA and EAC as well as to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cell lines. V.orientale, V.nepalense and V.ramosissimum, V.trilobatum were cytotoxic towards normal cells while V.angulatum and V.capitellatum were found to be nontoxic. Excepting V.angulatum all the other species selected here showed toxicity to animals. Administration of nontoxic concentration of extracts of Viscaeceae plants significantly (P<0.001) increased the lifespan of ascites tumor bearing animals and reduced DLA cells induced solid tumor development. All these plants except V.capitallatum and V.trilobatum showed significant (P<0.001) anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan and dextran models and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.ConclusionOut of six species studied four species of Viscum species studied were cytotoxic to tumour cells and inhibited tumour development. Of the six species studied V. angulatum was non-toxic to animals and showed maximum efficiency as an antitumour agent. These plants showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and reduced inflammatory markers.

Regulation of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 Expression in Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Cells by Abrin

The role of abrin, a toxic lectin isolated from seeds ofAbrus precatoriusLinn in inducing apoptosis in murine Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cells was evaluated. Abrin when incubated at the concentration of 10 ng per million DLA cells could bring about cell death as typical morphological changes with apoptosis. However, necrotic cell death dominated when a higher dose of abrin was used. DNA samples, isolated from DLA cells treated with abrin showed fragmentation. Abrin brought about induction of apoptosis by stimulating the expression of pro-apoptotic Caspase-3, at the same time blocking the expression of Bcl-2, which is an anti apoptotic gene. However, the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 has not been observed in control and abrin-treated DLA cells. Results suggested that abrin effectively induced apoptotic changes in the tumor cells that led to cellular death.