Influence of Sport Motivation on Sport Mental Fatigue: Mediating Effect of Coping Style

In order to explore the relationship between sport motivation sport mental fatigue, as well as the mediating effect of coping style, a sample of 523 active athletes were recruited to complete sport motivation questionnaire, sport mental fatigue questionnaire and coping inventory for competitive sports. The result indicated that sport motivation negatively predicted the sport mental fatigue. Coping style partially mediated the relationship between sport motivation and sport mental fatigue. The mediating effect accounted for 65% of total effect. Sport motivation and coping style explain the 35% variation of sport mental fatigue. The harm effect of sport mental fatigue on sport motivation could be reduced while the coping style could be improved.

Az Edzői Viselkedés Kérdőív hazai adaptációja

Háttér és célkitűzések: Jelen tanulmány célja az Edzői Viselkedés Kérdőív (Coaching Behaviour Questionnaire) magyar változatának pszichometriai vizsgálata, a mérőeszköz reliabilitásának és validitásának ellenőrzése. Módszerek: A kérdőív érvényességét és megbízhatóságát egy 490 fős kényelmi mintán (234 férfi és 256 nő, átlagéletkor = 19,49 év; SD = 5,05 év) ellenőriztük. Az Edzői Viselkedés Kérdőív mellett felvételre került a Sportkörnyezet Kérdőív, a Sportmotiváció-2 Kérdőív, az Edző-Sportoló Kapcsolat Kérdőív, valamint a Sportverseny Pillanatnyi Szorongás Skála. Eredmények: A megerősítő faktoranalízis eredményeképpen az Edzői Viselkedés Kérdőív kétfaktoros elméleti modelljének illeszkedési mutatói megfelelőnek bizonyultak (χ 2 = 386,36;df = 89; TLI = 0,90; CFI = 0,91; RMSEA = 0,08 [90% CI = 0,07 – 0,09]; SRMR = 0,07). A kérdőív skáláinak belső megbízhatósága elfogadható (Negatív reakció Cronbach-α = 0,87, Támogatás Cronbach-α = 0,87). A konvergens validitás vizsgálata során a korábbi kutatásokkal megegyező korrelációkat kaptunk a Támogatás alskála és az észlelt autonómiatámogatás, az önbizalom, a sportmotiváció típusai és az edző-sportoló kapcsolat minősége között (r = –0,29 – 0,90; p < 0,001), a Negatív reakció alskála mindezeken a skálákon túl szignifikáns kapcsolatba hozható a sportolói állapotszorongással is (r = 0,21 – 0,25; p < 0,001). Következtetések: Az Edzői Viselkedés Kérdőív magyarra fordított változata pszichometriailag megfelelő mérőeszköznek tekinthető. Background and aims: The purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Coaching Behaviour Questionnaire and examine the reliability and validity of this questionnaire. Methods: 432 athletes were involved in this study (mean age = 19.49; SD = 5.05; men = 234; women = 256). Besides the above-mentioned questionnaire, the Sport Climate Questionnaire, the Sport Motivation Scale-2, the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire, and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 were applied for the validation. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-dimensional theoretical model (χ 2 = 386.36;df = 89; TLI = 0.90; CFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.08 [90% CI = 0.07 – 0.09]; SRMR = 0.07), that indicated an acceptable fit to the data. Internal consistency of the subscales (Negative activation Cronbach’s α = 0.87, Supportiveness Cronbach’s α = 0.87) proved to be adequate. Examination of construct validity revealed positive relationships among Supportiveness subscale and self-determined motivation, autonomy-supported coach behaviour, self-confidence and coach-athlete relationship (r = – 0.29 – 0.70), and negative relationship among the Negative activation and the trait anxiety in addition to the below mentioned scales (r = 0.21 – 0.25). Discussion: The Hungarian version of the CBQ seems to be a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure.

An Examination of Sport Motivation, Motivational Climate, and Athlete Burnout within the Developmental Model of Sport Participation

Young adults’ retrospective recall of high school sport motivations, motivational climate, and burnout were compared based on whether they fit the “specializer” or “sampler” track within the Developmental Model of Sport Participation (DMSP, Côté & Fraser-Thomas, 2007). College students (N = 156) fitting these two DMSP tracks completed their recall of sport motivations (Sport Motivation Scale-II), motivational climate (Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports) and athlete burnout (Athlete Burnout Questionnaire). Separate one-way MANOVAs comparing samplers (n = 113) and specializers (n = 43) on these variables were not significant (p > .05). Multiple regression analyses showed amotivation and intrinsic regulation were significant positive and negative predictors (respectively) of burnout dimensions. Performance climate was predictive of exhaustion and sport devaluation, while mastery climate negatively predicted reduced sense of accomplishment. Although Self-Determination Theory was further supported in examining burnout, lack of differences across DMSP track suggests that samplers and specializers in non-elite, amateur youth sport settings do not differ in burnout.

La Educación Física bilingüe como forma de motivar hacia el aprendizaje en una lengua extranjera. Estudio preliminar basado en el Modelo Trans-Contextual (Bilingual Physical Education as a way to motivate learning in a foreign language. Preliminary study

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido estudiar la relación entre la percepción de un clima de apoyo a la autonomía, la motivación autónoma en Educación Física (EF) y el aprendizaje en Lengua Extranjera (LE), la Disposición a comunicarse en LE para las cuatro destrezas lingüísticas, y las calificaciones en el área de LE. La muestra de este estudio preliminar se compuso de 401 estudiantes (169 chicos y 232 chicas), con una edad media de 13.7 años, de cursos de primero de ESO a primero de Bachillerato de la provincia de Almería. Se utilizó un cuestionario con diversas preguntas y con la escala Language Learning Orientations Scale-Intrinsic Motivation, el cuestionario de Extrinsic Motivation and Amotivation Subscales, el Sport Motivation Scale para la EF, el Learning Climate Questionnaire y la escala Willingness to Communicate in the Classroom. Se llevaron a cabo análisis descriptivos, de correlación y modelos estructurales. Como conclusión, se puede afirmar que en el caso de la motivación autónoma en EF AICLE, existe un “salto trans-contextual” del contexto de la EF al de la LE. Palabras clave: Educación Física, enseñanza, bilingüismo, lengua extranjera, Modelo Trans-Contextual. Abstract: The aim of this research was to study the relationship between the perception of a climate of support for autonomy, autonomous motivation in Physical Education PE and learning in Foreign Language (LE), the Willingness to communicate in FL for the four linguistic skills, and the qualifications in the area of ​​LE. The sample of this preliminary study consisted of 401 students (169 boys and 232 girls), with an average age of 13.7 years, of courses from first of ESO to first of Bachelor´s degree of the province of Almería. A questionnaire was used with several questions and with the Language Learning Orientations Scale-Intrinsic Motivation scale, the Extrinsic Motivation and Amotivation Subscales questionnaire, the Sport Motivation Scale for EF, the Learning Climate Questionnaire and the Willingness to Communicate in the Classroom scale. Descriptive analyzes, correlation and structural models were carried out. In conclusion, it can be affirmed that in the case of autonomous motivation in CLIL EF, there is a “trans-contextual leap” from the context of the PE to that of the FL.

State Senior Games Participant Motivation

Sport provides many benefits to all who participate, from being socially mobile, to challenging one’s physical abilities. It offers opportunities for individual improvement in quality of life, self-confidence, and socialization. The National Senior Games Association (NSGA) exists to assist seniors (50+) in achieving a greater quality of life through activity and positive lifestyle opportunities. As interest in the area of sport motivation for senior adults continues to expand, there is still little information specific to the National Senior Games participants. This research contributes to the sport management literature by providing the basis of generalized information about NSGA participant demographic backgrounds and how they are motivated to participate in the individual state games held each year. Gaining pertinent information concerning the motivations of senior games participants, this study sought to identify specific motivation levels based on gender and the state of participation that may assist local and state organizations in the development and growth of similar events. Using the Sport Motivation Scale-6, demographic, and psychographic information results indicated that participants in different states are motivated differently and that participation is more personally important to women. Both genders were involved for the opportunity to challenge their abilities, improve or maintain their current health, and have a social connection to others. Keywords: Senior Sports, National Senior Games, Older Adults, Motivation

Nível motivacional para a prática esportiva em escolares: fatores de influência

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a motivação esportiva e seus fatores de influência em escolares brasileiros do ensino fundamental II e ensino médio. Participaram do estudo 846 escolares (♂ 439 meninos; ♀ 407 meninas) com idades compreendidas entre 10 a 19 anos. Para o inquérito da motivação esportiva foi utilizado o Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). O instrumento tem como objetivo verificar os níveis de motivação intrínseca e extrínseca para o desporto, bem como casos de desmotivação. Para realização da estatística, os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Mann Whitney. Após as análises, verificou-se que escolares do sexo masculino são mais motivados que discentes do sexo feminino. Nessa mesma direção, constatou-se também que alunos mais jovens e em etapas iniciais de escolaridade apresentam escores motivacionais mais elevados que escolares mais velhos. Outro fator de influência verificado nas análises foi o ambiente de prática, em que contextos de treinamento conseguem fornecer climas motivacionais mais intensos que a escola. Por fim, modalidades de cunho coletivo se associam melhor com motivações extrínsecas enquanto práticas individuais indicam maior proximidade com motivações de natureza intrínseca.