344 Replacing a High-roughage Receiving Diet with a High-energy Finishing Diet Improved Growth Performance and Feed Efficiency with No Impact on Health of High-risk Newly-received Calves

This study evaluated impacts of feeding a finishing diet throughout both the receiving and finishing period compared to a receiving diet with adaptation to the finishing diet on health, performance, ruminal pH, and rumination of high-risk feedlot cattle. Five truck-load blocks of steers and bulls (n = 400) were used in a generalized complete block design and assigned to receive: 1) finishing diet for the entire feeding period (FIN) or 2) receiving diet for the first 56 d, followed by transition to the finishing diet (REC). All cattle were consuming the same diet on d 74. A subset of cattle (n = 48) were randomly selected to quantify ruminal pH, temperature, and rumination time. Ultrasounds were completed on d 0, 74, and 146 to determine fat thickness. Cattle fed REC had greater (treatment × day; P < 0.01) DMI from d 1 to 67 but less DMI from d 74 to 82, and DMI did not differ from d 83 to 174. Energy intake (treatment × day; P < 0.01) was greater for FIN from d 14 to 75. Cattle consuming FIN had greater (P ≤ 0.01) ADG and BW and improved (P < 0.01) gain:feed from day 0 to 74. At d 174, BW of FIN was 9.6 kg greater (P = 0.02). On d 74, FIN had greater (P ≤ 0.05) fat thickness but did not differ (P ≥ 0.61) at d 146. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.31) in health outcomes. Ruminal pH (treatment × day; P < 0.01) was greater for FIN on d 2 and 61, and rumination time was less (P < 0.01) for FIN from d 0 to 28. Overall, these results suggest providing a finishing diet to high-risk calves upon arrival may be a viable alternative to a traditional receiving diet.

Electromagnetic resonance of nonlinear vacuum in one-dimensional cavity

Nonlinear corrections on electromagnetic fields in vacuum have been expected. In this study, we have theoretically considered nonlinear Maxwell’s equations in a one-dimensional cavity for a classical light and external static electromagnetic fields. A general solution for the electromagnetic corrective components including that of a longitudinal standing wave was derived after a linearization. The main purpose is to give a detailed feature of the previously reported resonant behavior [Shibata, Euro. Phys. J. D 74:215 (2020)], such as the effect of external static fields and the polarization fluctuation. These results favor the development of new and effective method for experiment. Graphic abstract

126 Pre- and post-partum supplementation of molasses/urea, with or without methionine fortification, to enhance growth and physiology of Bos indicus-influenced primiparous cows and their offspring

A 2-yr study evaluated the effects of molasses/urea supplementation during pre- and early postpartum, with or without methionine fortification, on growth and physiology of primiparous cows and their offspring. On d 0 of each yr, 36 cows were stratified by BW and BCS (396 ± 54 kg; 5.67 ± 0.66) and randomly assigned to 1 of 12 bahiagrass pastures (3 cows and 1.2 ha/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (4 pastures/treatment) and consisted of no supplementation (NOSUP), 1 kg/d of molasses/urea (MOL; DM basis), or 1 kg/d of MOL + 18 g/d of methionine hydroxy analog (MOLMET; Alimet, Novus, St. Charles, MO). Supplementation began 56 d before parturition (d 0) and ended when all cows within each pasture had calved (d 74). Calves were early weaned on d 147. On d 154, 24 calves (8 calves/treatment) were transferred to individual drylot pens, and offered ad libitum stargrass hay plus soybean hulls-based concentrate DM (75% TDN; 22% CP) at 3% of BW for 47 d. On d 160, calves were vaccinated against bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 (BVDV-1) and parainfluenza-3 (PI-3). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedures of SAS. Cow BCS at calving was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MOL and MOLMET vs. NOSUP but the overall percentage of pregnant cows did not differ among treatments (P = 0.82). Calf ADG from birth to drylot exit did not differ (P = 0.83) between MOL and MOLMET but was least (P ≤ 0.04) for NOSUPP calves. Seroconversion to BVDV-1 and PI-3 viruses were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MOL and MOLMET vs. NOSUP calves. Hence, cow supplementation of molasses/urea during pre- and early postpartum improved cow prepartum BCS, and calf growth and humoral immunity. Methionine fortification of supplements did not impact cow and calf performance.

Prävention sexualisierter Gewalt – Evaluation eines universitären Seminars für angehende Lehrkräfte

Zusammenfassung Einleitung Angesichts hoher Prävalenzen und schwerwiegender Konsequenzen von sexualisierter Gewalt sind evidenzbasierte Präventionsansätze notwendig. Eine Variante stellen hierbei universitäre Seminare für angehende Lehrkräfte dar, da diese als potentielle Multiplikator_innen verschiedene präventive Schutzfunktionen einnehmen können. Forschungsziele Da empirische Wirksamkeitsbelege hier jedoch weitgehend fehlen, war das Ziel dieser Studie die Evaluation eines universitären Seminars zur Prävention sexualisierter Gewalt. Dazu wurden aus der Bystander- und der Selbstwirksamkeitsforschung verschiedene Wirksamkeitskriterien abgeleitet: Vorurteile, Rollenambiguität, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, Klarheit der Grenzeinschätzung und sorgenvolle Emotionen. Methoden Im Rahmen eines quasi-experimentellen Designs wurden einer Interventionsgruppe, die am Seminar teilnahm (N = 22; M Alter = 22.5, SD = 3.14), und einer Kontrollgruppe (N = 17; M Alter = 24.29, SD = 2.37) Fragebögen vorgelegt. Ergebnisse Die Interventionsgruppe zeigte nach der Teilnahme signifikant weniger Vorurteile (d = -.74) und höhere Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung (d = .89). Es fanden sich Hinweise darauf, dass das Seminar die Rollenambiguität senkt (η2 = .57) und die Klarheit der Grenzeinschätzung steigert (d = 1.07). In Bezug auf die sorgenvollen Emotionen wurden keine Effekte gefunden. Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse weisen auf eine Wirksamkeit des universitären Seminars hin. Praktische Implikationen zur Weiterentwicklung des Ansatzes sowie methodische Limitationen wie subjektive Messinstrumente, Stichprobengröße und Langfristigkeit der Effekte werden diskutiert.

Suppressing False Alarm in VideoSAR viaGradient-Weighted Edge Information

VideoSAR (Video Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology provides an important mean for real-time and continuous earth observation, whereas the ever-changing scattering characteristics may destroy the accuracy of target motion perception and bring in massive false alarms subsequently. False alarms emerge easily in the edge region for its sharper variations of the scattering characteristics. Utilizing the gradient difference between the target shadow edge and other edge regions in the image, this letter proposes a VideoSAR false alarm reduction method based on gradient-weighted edge information. By considering the reasonable gradient and area of the overlapping edge region between changing region and background, this method could reduce the amount of false alarms ( P f a = 18 . 4 % ) and retain the correct shadow of moving target ( P d = 74 . 8 % ). Experiments on a real footage verify the excellent effect of the proposed method.

The relationship between sleep quality and fibromyalgia symptoms

This study investigated the relationship between sleep quality and fibromyalgia symptoms in 326 patients. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess the presence of sleep disorders. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to determine the influence of fibromyalgia symptoms on sleep quality. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 92.9 percent. Patients reported generalized pain (88.3%), memory failure (78.5%), moodiness (59%), excessive anxiety (77.5%), and concentration difficulties (69.1%). Patients with more symptoms reported poor sleep quality ( p < .05; d = .74), and the total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score correlated with the number of symptoms ( p < .01). Sleep quality has an important association with fibromyalgia symptoms.

Are superheavy stable quark clusters viable candidates for the dark matter?

The explanation for the origin of families of quarks and leptons and their properties is one of the most promising ways to understand the assumptions of the Standard Model. The Spin-Charge-Family theory [N. S. M. Borštnik, Phys. Lett. B 292 (1992) 25; J. Math. Phys. 34 (1993) 3731; Int. J. Theor. Phys. 40 (2001) 315; Mod. Phys. Lett. A 10 (1995) 587; J. Modern Phys. 4 (2013) 823; arXiv:1312.15; Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 065004; [arXiv:1409.7791; arXiv:1312.1542; arXiv:1502.06786v1, http://arXiv.org/abs/1409.4981 ; A. Borštnik and N. S. M. Borštnik, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 073013, arXiv:hep-ph/0512062, arXiv:hep-ph/0401043, arXiv:hep-ph/0401055, arXiv:hep-ph/0301029; G. Bregar and N. S. M. Borštnik, arXiv:1412.5866; G. Bregar et al., New J. Phys. 10 (2008) 093002; G. Bregar and N. S. M. Borštnik, arXiv:1502.06786v1, arXiv:1412.5866; N. S. M. Borštnik, Proc. 13th Workshop “What Comes Beyond the Standard Models”, Bled, 12–22 July 2010, eds. N. S. M. Borštnik et al., DMFA Založništvo, Ljubljana, December 2010, pp. 105–129], which does propose the mechanism for the appearance of families and offers an explanation for all the assumptions of the Standard Model, predicts two decoupled groups of four families. The lightest of the upper four families has stable members, which are correspondingly candidates to constitute the dark matter [G. Bregar and N. S. M. Borštnik, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 083534, arXiv:1412.5866]. In this paper, we study the weak and the “nuclear” (determined by the color interaction among the heavy fifth family quarks) scattering of such a very heavy baryon by ordinary nucleons in order to show that the cross-section is very small and consistent with the observation in most experiments so far, provided that the quark mass of this baryon is about 100[Formula: see text]TeV or above.