Ways for Recycling of Quartz Waste in the Production of Silicate Materials

The technological properties of quartz waste associated with the clay deposit are investigated by way of emission spectral analysis, petrography and X-ray phase analysis. This study considers the possibility of quartz waste utilization in the production of dry building mixtures as a filler, magnesia-quartz proppants as a raw material component, cement as a siliceous component, fine ceramics as a partially fluxing and exhausting component, silicate brick as the main raw material. In the production of glass and glassware it is possible to make use of the quartz waste as a glass-forming component including silicate blocks after refining for the Al2O3 and Fe2O3 content. Quartz waste can be recommended as molding sand after refining for the contents of Fe2O3, Na2O, K2O, MgO, CaO. Improvement of the properties of the quartz waste can be achieved by ways of elutriation to remove the clay component as well as magnetic separation to remove magnetic compounds of iron. Keywords: quartz waste, proppants, glass, cement, silicate brick, building mixtures, fine ceramics, molding sand, recycling

Investigation of the possibility of obtaining poroceramic wall materials for efficient construction

Compositions and technological methods have been developed that have made it possible to produce a molding mass with a lower moisture content and less consumption of the clay component for porous ceramics. The effectiveness of the development is determined by the possibility of obtaining wall foamceramic blocks with a coefficient of thermal conductivity 3 times less than the thermal conductivity of conventional ceramic bricks and, accordingly, allows reducing the thickness of the outer wall structure about 3 times while maintaining the same degree of thermal insulation.

Obtaining low-energy cement from industrial raw material

The results of obtaining Portland cement by lowenergy technology using technogenic raw materials are presented. Coal wastes and tephritobasalt in a ratio of 1: 1 were used as the clay component, instead of scarce pyrite cinder, granular lead slags were used. The regularities of the influence of the compositions of the blends, saturation coefficient, silicate and alumina modules, firing modes on the chemical and mineral composition and quality of clinker and cement are established. The composition of the raw mixes was calculated according to the ROCS program, the content of free CaO in the clinker was determined. The strength of experimental cement was tested after 7 and 28 days of hardening. Its physical and mechanical characteristics and structure were studied.

INFLUENCE OF ZnO AND BaSO4 ADDITIVES ON CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF THE WEAK BASE WHITE CEMENTS

white cement – modern construction material which is increasingly popular every year as it is used not only in the construction sphere, but also and in creation of architectural products. Today the most famous producers of white cement is Turkey, Denmark and Egypt. Special color of cement is reached due to specific structure and the specialized production technology. Clinker for the white portlandtsement, differs from usual in the increased maintenance of Si2O (23.5-25.5%) and A12O3 (5.5-7%), insignificant quantity of Fe2O3 (up to 0.25-0.35%) and MnO – 0.05-0.15%. The mineral composition of clinker for white cements fluctuates within (%): C3S – 35-50; 35-45; C3A 14-17; C4AF 0.9-1.4. The maintenance of MgO in it should not exceed 4.5%. For production of the white portlandtsement the cleanest kinds of carbonate and sandy-argillaceous raw materials are used. In particular, the straight limestones or chalk containing no more than 0.15% of the painting oxides are applied. The kaolin, waste of its enrichment and other materials are served as a clay component. The fine-grained white quartz sands, waste of quartz sand received at enrichment of a kaolin, etc. to increase in the silicate module are applied. The ashless fuel which is not forming soot and ashes that helps to avoid pollution is applied to roasting of clinker. Crushing of raw materials is carried out in special mills, and crushing is carried out by means of silicon or porcelain elements. Such production technology helps to achieve the grinding having higher rates than from traditional cements. Results of a research of influence of mineral BaSO4 and ZnO additives on synthesis and properties of the low-main clinker of the white portlandtsement are given in work: clinker formation, hydration activity, whiteness of cement.

The study of the maximum shear stress of the composition of pyrophyllite - clay component – water at elevated temperatures

A sharp decrease in the ultimate shear stress in the range of 20‒80 °C is observed when obtaining samples from the clay component without descendents. This contributes to the appearance of cracks and defects in the samples. The use of pyrophyllite in ceramic masses in obtaining samples ensures a gradual decrease in the ultimate shear stress Pm in the range of 20‒80 °C. It is shown that to improve the drying properties of the samples, the composition of pyrophyllite ‒ clay ‒ water is more homogeneous than the composition of clay ‒ water. Analysis of the Pm of the samples under the conditions of hot forming showed that it is not so much the dependence Pm = f(t) that takes on special importance, but the dependence Pm = f(W, t), where t ― the temperature; W ― the humidity. Ill. 1. Ref. 8. Tab. 2.

MANUFACTURE OF MODIFIED ARBOLIT FROM LOCAL RAW MATERIALS: OPTIMIZATION OF COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF RAW MATERIAL COMPONENTS

Introduction. The creation of energy-saving materials involves the use of local raw materials for products with improved physic-mechanical properties. The author carries optimization of the rational composition and properties of modified arbolite from plant-gypsum composition (PGC). In addition, the author uses modifiers on new ways of preparing the aggregate according to the method of experimental and statistical modeling.Materials and methods. The author used the cereal straw grown in the Kyrgyz Republic (CS), G-5 and G-7 construction gypsum based on local raw materials, ash from the Bishkek Heat and Power Plant (BHPP), portland cement clinker PCC, natural clay (ganch). Moreover, the clay component of the Toloykonsky deposit was used as the clay component. The author also added the liquid glass, latex SCS, the low-concentration resin LCR-3066 + catalyst of ionic type (CIT) as modifiers for the formation of the porous polymer-silicate systems. The paper marked the plasticizing additives in the manufacture of arbolite as SCS, LCR and CIT components. As a retarder the setting of gypsum was added a partial salt 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid with triethanolamine and flame retardants. The tests were carried out according to standard methods. To optimize the composition and properties of the polymersilicate-gypsum composition (PSGC), the author carried out a three-factor experiment according to the B3 plan, where three prescription factors varied: X1 – straw content,%; X2 – content of polymer silicate additives (PSA) + plasticizer,%; X3 – gypsum content + portland cement clinker as a nitroperimethyl phosphoric acid (NPA) and flame gypsum retarder.Results. The research showed that at 28 days of age for cement-free gypsum compositions as the content of straw increased, the strength was almost unchanged. When comparing the strength of the same samples of 2 and 28 days strength with the maximum filling of gypsum, the author defined that the PSA content should not exceed 12% when the straw additive was 26% and further PSA increasing did not increase the strength.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the author achieves maximum strength of the arbolit, when the content of G-7 gypsum is 28-32%, ash is 18-22% and PSC is 8-10%. The maximum value of strength and water resistance of the material is achieved with a rational ratio of components: straw – 24–28%, G-7 gypsum – 30–32% + NSPL – 0,05%; ash – 18–22%; resin – 3066-8-12% + catalyst – 0,3% (87% sulfuric acid, 13% phosphoric acid); PCC – 3–5%; clay-gypsum (ganch) – 2%; liquid sodium glass – 12%; plasticizers CIT – 0,15%, SCS – 0,2%, LCR – 0,15%; modified hardener – 0,5% and water.