Investigation of the Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Existence in Baby Foods on the Market in Turkey

It is called Organism Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) which is obtained by biotechnological methods to modify the genetic sequences of living things, to improve their existing properties and / or to gain new features. Baby milk and baby continue milk, which the babies consume during their first month of the life, can also contain products such as soy, corn, rice according to their derivatives. It is thought that GMO screening should also be done in baby formulas that contain these components which are extensively produced in the genus modified organism class in the world. In this study, in 2011 released the proposed baby milk in Turkey and baby continue in milk, Ash, moisture, total fat, carbohydrates, protein analysis and real time PCR GMO screening was conducted. As a result of the GMO scan, no product containing the p35S, tNOS and pFMV isomers was found.

Current approaches to diet diagnostics and diet therapy in infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders

The incidence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants is very high. They are not only a medical challenge, but also a social problem. The causes of FGIDs are still being discussed by researchers. Particular attention is paid to impairments in functioning of the brain-intestine axis, formation of the intestinal microbiota, as well as psychological factors. FGID is a diagnosis of exclusion; however, no clear criteria for this diagnosis have been developed so far. If a baby has regurgitation, colic and/or constipation, an active search and differential diagnosis with various diseases manifesting themselves with such symptoms are necessary. Nutrition diagnosis is an important step in the diagnosis of FGIDs, which allows timely identification or exclusion of this pathology. In this study, we have demonstrated high efficacy of Comfort baby formulas, adapted fermented milk formulas, and antireflux formulas in artificial feeding of infants with FGIDs. Key words: functional gastrointestinal disorders, regurgitation, colic, constipation, infants, diet therapy, Comfort formulas, functional components

Breastfeeding-Friendly Primary Care Initiative: degree of implementation in a Brazilian metropolis

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the degree of implementation of the Breastfeeding-Friendly Primary Care Initiative in a Brazilian metropolis. METHODS: A tool with 55 items and a maximum score of 10 points, based on validated protocols, was developed for assessing the degree of implementation of the abovementioned initiative. This tool was used on a probabilistic sample of municipal primary care units in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (n=56). Managers (n=56), healthcare practitioners (n=541) and users (n=985) were interviewed. RESULTS: The mean score for the degree of implementation of the Breastfeeding-Friendly Primary Care Initiative in the study units was 5.45 (95%CI: 5.11 - 5.78), the maximum being 10.00. Existence of written guidelines and training obtained the worst scores. Breast massage and manual milk expression techniques; knowledge about contraception and the risks associated with the use of baby formulas, bottles, and pacifiers; and existence of support groups obtained intermediate scores. Provision of information and recommendations on breastfeeding rights and advantages; addressing users' worries, life experiences, and doubts; and encouraging cue feeding achieved the best scores. CONCLUSION: The proposed tool assessed the general degree of implementation of the Breastfeeding-Friendly Primary Care Initiative and of each group of actions associated with the "Ten Steps", providing information for restructuring the strategies used in Rio de Janeiro. The degree of implementation of breastfeeding promotion, protection, and support set by the initiative in this city is intermediate, with its items having been implemented to different degrees.