Abnormalities in the ovaries of sockeye salmon spawners in the Kamchatka River in 2019

Based on histological analysis of the ovaries of sockeye salmon spawners in the Kamchatka River, numerous abnormalities leading to resorption are shown in the structure of vitellogenic oocytes. Fertility of mature female sockeye salmon decreases due to the resorption of the vitellogenic oocytes. Presence of ovaries with abnormal oocytes implies oocyte resorption in fish being a phenomenon associated with mechanism of natural regulation of final fertility. Such mechanism is required in view of changing fish body length and weight in the sockeye salmon of the Kamchatka River. Numerous abnormalities in the ovaries indicate of a decreasing reproductive capacity of spawners and commercial quality of the eggs.

10.03 Interleukin-22 regulates anti-tumor immunity in mouse models of lung and breast carcinoma

BackgroundHigh expression of CD155 (poliovirus receptor, PVR) is associated with a poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. When overexpressed, this molecule inhibits the antitumor function of NK and cytotoxic T cells through binding to its inhibitory co-receptors TIGIT and CD96, and downregulation of stimulatory CD226 (DNAM-1). However, the exact mechanism of CD155 overexpression on the tumor cells remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that interleukin-22 (IL-22), a cytokine known to promote cancer progression, induces upregulation of CD155 on tumor cells in mouse models of breast and lung cancer and may, thus, inhibit antitumor immunity and promote lung metastasis.Materials and MethodsTo study the influence of IL-22 on antitumor immunity, we utilize IL-22-deficient animals in syngeneic mouse models of metastatic breast and lung cancer. For this purpose, we generated tumor cells deficient in IL-22 receptor (IL-22R) or in CD155 and tumor cells, that constantly express CD155 independent of its natural regulation. Here, we determine the incidence of metastasis and antitumor NK and T cell responses in the lung, the primary site of metastasis.ResultsWe demonstrate that murine cancer cells upregulate CD155 surface expression upon treatment with recombinant IL-22, whereas this effect is abolished in the absence of IL-22R. Furthermore, IL-22-deficient animals have a lower metastatic burden in the lung and demonstrate a dramatic increase in IFN-γ production in NK, and, to a lower extent, cytotoxic T cells. Moreover, this effect is reversed when CD155 is expressed on the tumor cells independent of its natural regulation, which enables lung metastases in IL-22 deficient animals. Phenotypically, NK cells in IL-22 knockout mice have a higher expression of co-stimulatory receptor CD226, which is linked to the antitumor potential of these cells.ConclusionsHere we demonstrate a novel pathway of cytokine-mediated cancer progression, where IL-22 is capable of inducing CD155 on the tumor cells and, therefore, promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This highlights the potential of IL-22 as a target for immunotherapy considering the complexity of the CD155-dependent immunoregulatory network.Disclosure InformationD. Briukhovetska: None. J. Suarez-Gosalvez: None. M. Schübel: None. A. Markota: None. J. Jobst: None. J. Dörr: None. F. Märkl: None. M. Schwerdtfeger: None. A. Öner: None. M. Seifert: None. A. Gottschlich: None. S. Endres: None. S. Kobold: None.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONALITY OF CRIMINAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF LAND RELATIONS

The problem of rational (ecologically, socially and economically sound) use and protection of land is always relevant. States face the task of preserving land as the planet's most valuable resource. The specified component of the natural environment provides natural regulation of many processes occurring in the ecological system of the Earth, which predetermines the need for maximum preservation of its natural properties. The social danger of such a crime as damage to land is expressed in causing damage to the national property of Russia, the main means of production and the basis of the functioning of all sectors of the economy - land. In addition, spoilage of land in the general structure of environmental crime is a deterrent to the growth of the quality and standard of living of the population and the development of Russian production, regional development. In this regard, it seems relevant to study the socio-economic component of criminal law protection of land relations, land crimes, their analysis in order to timely respond to crimes committed in this area.

Anxiety, not regulation tendency, predicts how individuals regulate in the laboratory: An exploratory comparison of self-report and psychophysiology

Anxiety influences how individuals experience and regulate emotions in a variety of ways. For example, individuals with lower anxiety tend to cognitively reframe (reappraise) negative emotion and those with higher anxiety tend to suppress negative emotion. Research has also investigated these individual differences with psychophysiology. These lines of research assume coherence between how individuals regulate outside the laboratory, typically measured with self-report, and how they regulate during an experiment. Indeed, performance during experiments is interpreted as an indication of future behavior outside the laboratory, yet this relationship is seldom directly explored. To address this gap, we computed psychophysiological profiles of uninstructed (natural) regulation in the laboratory and explored the coherence between these profiles and a) self-reported anxiety and b) self-reported regulation tendency. Participants viewed negative images and were instructed to reappraise, suppress or naturally engage. Electrodermal and facial electromyography signals were recorded to compute a multivariate psychophysiological profile of regulation. Participants with lower anxiety exhibited similar profiles when naturally regulating and following instructions to reappraise, suggesting they naturally reappraised more. Participants with higher anxiety exhibited similar profiles when naturally regulating and following instructions to suppress, suggesting they naturally suppressed more. However, there was no association between self-reported reappraisal or suppression tendency and psychophysiology. These exploratory results indicate that anxiety, but not regulation tendency, predicts how individuals regulate emotion in the laboratory. These findings suggest that how individuals report regulating in the real world does not map on to how they regulate in the laboratory. Taken together, this underscores the importance of developing emotion-regulation interventions and paradigms that more closely align to and predict real-world outcomes.