DEEP LEARNING TECHNOLOGY IN PATTERN RECOGNITION

The article discusses the methods of face recognition based on convolutional neural net-works, the problems of face recognition in the presence of interference or face masking, the main stages of training neural networks and the process of actual recognition.

Fusion of Unobtrusive Sensing Solutions for Home-Based Activity Recognition and Classification Using Data Mining Models and Methods

This paper proposes the fusion of Unobtrusive Sensing Solutions (USSs) for human Activity Recognition and Classification (ARC) in home environments. It also considers the use of data mining models and methods for cluster-based analysis of datasets obtained from the USSs. The ability to recognise and classify activities performed in home environments can help monitor health parameters in vulnerable individuals. This study addresses five principal concerns in ARC: (i) users’ privacy, (ii) wearability, (iii) data acquisition in a home environment, (iv) actual recognition of activities, and (v) classification of activities from single to multiple users. Timestamp information from contact sensors mounted at strategic locations in a kitchen environment helped obtain the time, location, and activity of 10 participants during the experiments. A total of 11,980 thermal blobs gleaned from privacy-friendly USSs such as ceiling and lateral thermal sensors were fused using data mining models and methods. Experimental results demonstrated cluster-based activity recognition, classification, and fusion of the datasets with an average regression coefficient of 0.95 for tested features and clusters. In addition, a pooled Mean accuracy of 96.5% was obtained using classification-by-clustering and statistical methods for models such as Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbour, and Stochastic Gradient Descent on Evaluation Test.

Indigenous Justice in Oceania and North America

Indigenous justice has been practiced by Indigenous peoples in Oceania and North America since time immemorial. These practices have been disregarded, disrespected, and displaced by Eurocentric principles of criminal law and procedure—a system that has been forced upon Indigenous peoples without their consent. As a result of colonization, Indigenous peoples have endured a system that not only has used its laws to erase the existence of Indigenous peoples but also has failed to recognize and honor Indigenous peoples’ systems and principles of laws. At the present time, the colonial systems of laws have begun to recognize Indigenous laws and justice; however, the state has still tried to control how, what, and where Indigenous laws and justice can be utilized. There continues to be a lack of understanding of Indigenous justice, because most education systems are not required to teach it. This is slowly starting to change, but we are nowhere near the actual recognition and practice of Indigenous justice systems. Indigenous peoples continue to practice their laws despite the colonial systems and processes, and in the future, Indigenous justice will be fully recognized with its own jurisdiction and with Indigenous peoples making healthy and respectful decisions about their own peoples.

Metamemory and memory discrepancies in directed forgetting of emotional information

Directed Forgetting (DF) studies show that it is possible to exert cognitive control to intentionally forget information. The aim of the present study was to investigate how aware individuals are of the control they have over what they remember and forget when the information is emotional. Participants were presented with positive, negative and neutral photographs, and each photograph was followed by either a Remember or a Forget instruction. Then, for each photograph, participants provided Judgments of Learning (JOLs) by indicating their likelihood of recognizing that item on a subsequent test. In the recognition phase, participants were asked to indicate all old items, irrespective of instruction. Remember items had higher JOLs than Forget items for all item types, indicating that participants believe they can intentionally forget even emotional information—which is not the case based on the actual recognition results. DF effect, which was calculated by subtracting recognition for Forget items from Remember ones was only significant for neutral items. Emotional information disrupted cognitive control, eliminating the DF effect. Response times for JOLs showed that evaluation of emotional information, especially negatively emotional information takes longer, and thus is more difficult. For both Remember and Forget items, JOLs reflected sensitivity to emotionality of the items, with emotional items receiving higher JOLs than the neutral ones. Actual recognition confirmed better recognition for only negative items but not for positive ones. JOLs also reflected underestimation of actual recognition performance. Discrepancies in metacognitive judgments due to emotional valence as well as the reasons for underestimation are discussed.

Classification and Recognition of Electronic Components Based on Improved Cooperative Semi-supervised Learning Algorithm

Background: As known that the semi-supervised algorithm is a classical algorithm in semi-supervised learning algorithm. Methods: In the paper, it proposed improved cooperative semi-supervised learning algorithm, and the algorithm process is presented in detailed, and it is adopted to predict unlabeled electronic components image. Results: In the experiments of classification and recognition of electronic components, it show that through the method the accuracy the proposed algorithm in electron device image recognition can be significantly improved, the improved algorithm can be used in the actual recognition process . Conclusion: With the continuous development of science and technology, machine vision and deep learning will play a more important role in people's life in the future. The subject research based on the identification of the number of components is bound to develop towards the direction of high precision and multi-dimension, which will greatly improve the production efficiency of electronic components industry.

Voice Communication in Noisy Environments in a Smart House Using Hybrid LMS+ICA Algorithm

This publication describes an innovative approach to voice control of operational and technical functions in a real Smart Home (SH) environment, where, for voice control within SH, it is necessary to provide robust technological systems for building automation and for technology visualization, software for recognition of individual voice commands, and a robust system for additive noise canceling. The KNX technology for building automation is used and described in the article. The LabVIEW SW tool is used for visualization, data connectivity to the speech recognizer, connection to the sound card, and the actual mathematical calculations within additive noise canceling. For the actual recognition of commands, the SW tool for recognition within the Microsoft Windows OS is used. In the article, the least mean squares algorithm (LMS) and independent component analysis (ICA) are used for additive noise canceling from the speech signal measured in a real SH environment. Within the proposed experiments, the success rate of voice command recognition for different types of additive interference (television, vacuum cleaner, washing machine, dishwasher, and fan) in the real SH environment was compared. The recognition success rate was greater than 95% for the selected experiments.

Comparison of the Nursing Student’s Perception in their Ability to Recognize a Change in Patient Condition Using the Patient Risk Detection Theory in a Simulated Environment

Nursing students in simulation often become preoccupied with alarms on the patient’s bedside monitor, failing to reassess the patient, or do not correlate monitor alarms with the patient symptomology, pathophysiology or treatment. This project compared 17 second semester nursing students self-reported perception of their ability to recognize and act on a patient condition change, with Meti-Vision data coding software for actual recognition and action time in real time during the scenario. Three scenarios were created with patient condition changes (Phases) on 3 minute intervals. Students were placed in groups of 2 with 12 total coded groups, each student group received at least 2 patient condition changes. Post simulation the nursing students completed a survey self-reporting 7 areas of perceived changes recognized and/or actions performed. The data coded was analyzed in minutes and seconds and placed in an Excel spreadsheet and imported into SPSS version 16 to obtain descriptive statistics.

‘BRIDGING THE GAP’: APPRAISAL OF THE FACTORS WHICH LIMIT AND IMPEDE THE REALISATION OF THE RIGHT TO WORK OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS

In South Africa, asylum seekers and refugees are expected to integrate themselves into the society. In order to integrate themselves into society, refugees and asylum seekers seek employment. The employment of refugees and asylum seekers in South Africa is challenging. The right to work of refugees is guaranteed by section 27(f) of the Refugees Act, whilst section 22 provides for the right to work of asylum seekers. However, there is a noticeable gap between the provision of this right to work in terms of the Refugee Act and the actual recognition of this right by employers and professional councils. In practice, asylum seekers and refugees are frequently barred from exercising their right to work and thus do not enjoy these protected rights.9 This article, in analysing the difficulty of attaining employment, will firstly set a foundational basis in chapter 2. Chapter 3 will deal with the international framework governing the right to work of asylum seekers and refugees. Chapter 4 of this essay will then deal with the constitutional framework governing the right to work. In chapter 5, the implications of a limitation on the right to choose employment on the right to work will be dealt with. In chapter 6, the specific challenges faced by asylum seekers and refugees concerning their right to work will be discussed, along with recommendations for overcoming these challenges. Lastly, in chapter 7, there will be a summation of the main impediments and suggested palliatives for the realisation of the right to work of refugees and asylum seekers.

¿RECONOCIMIENTO JURÍDICO DE LA DIVERSIDAD CULTURAL SIN EJERCICIO DE DERECHOS?

En este trabajo se presenta una revisión de cómo ha sido el reconocimiento jurídico a nivel nacional e internacional de los derechos indígenas y de sus pueblos, sus implicaciones legales y fácticas. De esta revisión se deriva el análisis de cómo se ha dado la construcción jurídico-antropológica de los conceptos de pluriculturalidad y multiculturalismo, y de lo que falta por hacer para llegar a un reconocimiento efectivo de la diversidad cultural que siente las bases de un verdadero reconocimiento y ejercicio de derechos. En este contexto, se plantea que el peritaje antropológico puede ser una herramienta que ayude al diseño de políticas públicas en y para la diversidad. LEGAL RECOGNITION OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY WITHOUT THE EXERCISE OF RIGHTS?ABSTRACTThis article presents a review of how the rights of indigenous people and their communities have been legally recognized at a national and international level, as well as the legal and factual implications this has. From this review, an analysis is derived of how the juridical-anthropological construction of the concepts of pluriculturality and multiculturalism took place. It also shows what still needs to be done to attain an effective recognition of cultural diversity that can lay the foundations of an actual recognition and exercise of rights. Within this context, anthropological investigation may be a tool to help formulate public policies within and favoring diversity.