Study on prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in labour

Background: In the developing world Nutritional deficiency anaemia is the commonest finding in pregnant women. Lack of balanced diet, poor socio-economic status, repeated pregnancies and illiteracy are seen associated with Anaemia commonly. Anaemia itself results in maternal morbidities and poor pregnancy outcomes. Neonatal morbidities also have a direct equation with anaemia. It is a study done on pregnant women in labour with the sole objective to estimate the prevalence of anaemia amongst them and associated fetomaternal morbidities.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done on 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019-Decemebr 2019, in Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun. These women belonged to Dehradun and surrounding hilly areas of Uttarakhand. Their haemoglobin levels (complete blood count) were assessed at the time of admission along with other routine investigations. They were also assessed for associated pre and post-delivery morbidities and mortality.Results: In this study, out of 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019 to December 2019, in Government Doon Medical College Dehradun, the incidence of anaemia was found to be very high (70%). Severely anaemic patient group was found to have maximum number of fetomaternal complications and blood transfusion requirements.Conclusions: Despite all the maternal welfare programmes being run at National levels, it is being observed that there is a high unacceptable prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women. This increases their morbidity and mortality. It is a huge burden on hospital finances and blood bank for blood transfusions which are preventable. There is need to strengthen our health care system at primary level for pregnant women and teenage girls.

Numerical modeling of scale effects for circular cylinder in the theory of thermoelastic materials with voids

This article is relevant, as changes during the external loading may affect the stress state of the materials. The aim of this paper is to consider the numerical modeling of heating for circular cylinders in the frame of the theory of elastic materials with voids. A numerical solution is build using COMSOL Multiphysics software, where the implementation of the considered theory is realized based on the direct equation-definition approach. Constitutive relations were written in General form partial differential equation module. A matrix form of the equations for the two-dimensional case was used. Scale effects arising in considered problems are discussed. The classical solution is the particular case of the considered theory, when the coupling number tends to asero, i.e. when the micro-dilatation effects are small and do not affect the material's stress state. The limiting case in the case of the small value of the coupling number is the classical thermoelasticity solution.

Analytical description of sodium halogenides melts specific electric conductivity and its calculation for sodium astatide melt

The paper presents analytical and graphical dependences of the individual haloganides melts specific electrical conductivity æ of the sodium NaHal series (Hal – F, Cl, Br, I) on the halogen order number Z, ionic radius r of haloganide-ion Hal–, halogen ionic potential 1/r, reduced ionic radius r/Z, difference of electronegativity (∆χ = χ(Hal) – χ(Na)): æ = f(Z); æ = f(r); æ = f(1/r); æ = f(r/Z); æ = f(∆χ) for the temperature higher melting temperatures on 5, 10, 50, 75, 100, 150 и 200°. M.Kh. Karapetyans сomparative methods were applied for the description. The minimum standard deviation and maximum correlation coefficient corresponds to the equation æ–1 = a + bexp1/r, according to which the numerical values of æ(NaAt) are calculated for real temperatures. The temperature dependence æ of the NaAt melt is described by the equation æ = 0.0508+0.0023Т. A comparative analysis of the relationship between the specific electrical conductivity of NaHal melts at a temperature of Tm + n (n = 10 ... 200° higher the melting temperature) and æ at (Tm + 5°). A comparative analysis is represented by straightforward dependencies. It was shown that the specific electrical conductivity of the NaAt melt is related to the electrical conductivity of LiAt by the direct equation æ(NaAt) = 0.035+0.607æ(LiAt). The straight line equationalso relates æ of the NaHal melt (Hal – F, Br, I, At) to the specific conductivity of the NaCl melt. Between the numerical values of the specific electrical conductivity of the sodium astatide (NaAt) melt calculated by different methods, consistent data were obtained.

OPTIMIZED MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS CONSIDERING THE TRADE-OFF OF ESTIMATE SCHEDULE AND COST AT COMPLETION

Nowadays, the minimization of project time and cost is an important issue. However, time and cost problems are difficult to solve. They are affected by the uncertain factor. Then, the construction project always fails to achieve the effectiveness of time and cost performance. It causes delays and cost overrun. In this research, SOS-NN-LSTM is required to establish the estimate schedule to completion (ESTC) and estimate cost to completion (ECTC) prediction model based on time now performance. Then, the prediction model will be integrated with MOSOS to obtain the optimal prediction value. The integration is needed because there is no direct equation to calculate the ESTC and ECTC. The Pareto curve identified based on the prediction values of MOSOS. The Pareto curve is used to determine the optimal trade-off between project duration and project cost. Then, the indifference curve is used to solve the trade-off problem between estimate schedule at completion (ESAC) dan estimate cost at completion (ECAC) which give the decision-maker preference.

A Secondary Point of Reference in Barth's Anthropology

In twenty centuries theological anthropology has hardly seen a more revolutionary method than that proposed by Karl Barth in Church Dogmatics 111.2 of founding anthropology on Christology. At the outset, however, Barth makes clear that ‘there can be no question of a direct equation of human nature as we know it in ourselves with the human nature of Jesus, and therefore of a simple deduction of anthropology from Christology’. That is, Barth intends that the method of theological anthropology avoid monism.

A finite and exact expression for the refraction of an atmosphere nearly resembling that of the earth

Having shown that if the pressure of the .atmosphere he represented either by the square, or by the cube of the square root of the density, the astronomical refraction may be attained in a finite equation; and having adverted to Mr. Ivory’s computation of the refraction with the assistance of converging series, and several transformations from an equation which expresses the pressure in terms of the density and of its square, Dr. Young proceeds to observe, that if we substitute for the simple density the cube of its square root, we shall represent the constitution of the most important part of the atmosphere with equal accuracy, although this expression supposes the total height somewhat smaller than the truth; and that we shall thus obtain a direct equation for the refraction, which agrees very nearly with Mr. Ivory’s table, and still more accurately with that in the Nautical Almanac, and with the French tables. At the horizon the refraction is equal to 33' 49"· 5, which is only l''·5 less than the quantity assigned by the French tables and in the Nautical Almanac; while Mr. Ivory makes it 34' 17"·5. Again, for the altitude 5° 44' 21", we obtain 8' 49"'·5 for the refraction; while the Nautical Almanac gives us 8' 53", and Mr. Ivory’s table S' 49"·6. The author, however, observes that there is no reason for proceeding to compute a new table by this formula, since the method employed for that in the Nautical Almanac is in all common cases more compendious; and even if it were desired to represent Mr. Ivory’s table by the approximation there employed, we might obtain the same results, with an error scarcely exceeding a single second, from an equation of the same form.