A Fast Approach to Obtain Layered Transition-Metal Cathode Material for Rechargeable Batteries

Li-ion batteries as a support for future transportation have the advantages of high storage capacity, a long life cycle, and the fact that they are less dangerous than current battery materials. Li-ion battery components, especially the cathode, are the intercalation places for lithium, which plays an important role in battery performance. This study aims to obtain the LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC) cathode material using a simple flash coprecipitation method. As precipitation agents and pH regulators, oxalic acid and ammonia are widely available and inexpensive. The composition of the NMC mole ratio was varied, with values of 333, 424, 442, 523, 532, 622, and 811. As a comprehensive study of NMC, lithium transition-metal oxide (LMO, LCO, and LNO) is also provided. The crystal structure, functional groups, morphology, elemental composition and material behavior of the particles were all investigated during the heating process. The galvanostatic charge–discharge analysis was tested with cylindrical cells and using mesocarbon microbeads/graphite as the anode. Cells were tested at 2.7–4.25 V at 0.5 C. Based on the analysis results, NMC with a mole ratio of 622 showed the best characteristicd and electrochemical performance. After 100 cycles, the discharged capacity reaches 153.60 mAh/g with 70.9% capacity retention.

SoK: Cryptographic Confidentiality of Data on Mobile Devices

Mobile devices have become an indispensable component of modern life. Their high storage capacity gives these devices the capability to store vast amounts of sensitive personal data, which makes them a high-value target: these devices are routinely stolen by criminals for data theft, and are increasingly viewed by law enforcement agencies as a valuable source of forensic data. Over the past several years, providers have deployed a number of advanced cryptographic features intended to protect data on mobile devices, even in the strong setting where an attacker has physical access to a device. Many of these techniques draw from the research literature, but have been adapted to this entirely new problem setting. This involves a number of novel challenges, which are incompletely addressed in the literature. In this work, we outline those challenges, and systematize the known approaches to securing user data against extraction attacks. Our work proposes a methodology that researchers can use to analyze cryptographic data confidentiality for mobile devices. We evaluate the existing literature for securing devices against data extraction adversaries with powerful capabilities including access to devices and to the cloud services they rely on. We then analyze existing mobile device confidentiality measures to identify research areas that have not received proper attention from the community and represent opportunities for future research.

Analysis of the Process of Mineral Sequestration of CO2 with the Use of Fluidised Bed Combustion (FBC) Fly Ashes

There is a current focus on replacing the generally accepted conventional power generation technologies with more advanced ones that will better protect the natural environment. The need to limit CO2 emissions from power generation plants presents a problem that must be solved in many countries that use coal or lignite as basic fuels. One potential option is mineral sequestration performed using side products of fossil fuel combustion, such as fluidised bed combustion (FBC) fly ashes. Fluidised bed combustion (FBC) lignite fly ashes are characterised by a high storage capacity of 15.7%. Research conducted with the most commonly used method of direct mineral sequestration—CO2 trapping with fluidised bed combustion (FBC) ash in water suspension—has indicated a very high level of carbonation of CO2, reaching 11%. Calcite was the basic product of carbonation. The calcite content increased from 2 to 12% in the suspension subjected to treatment with CO2. Furthermore, CO2 reduced the pH and limited the leaching of impurities, such as Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cl, and SO4. The fly ash suspensions subjected to CO2 treatment can be used in industry in the final stage of carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) technology, which will further contribute to the implementation of the circular economy.

Tuning the electrochemical performance of Ti3C2 and Hf3C2 monolayer by functional groups for metal-ion batteries application

It is extremely keen to design and explore a high efficiency anode electrode material for metal ion with strong stability, good electronic conductivity, and high storage capacity. Mxenes are susceptible...

360-Degree Video Streaming: A Survey of the State of the Art

360-degree video streaming is expected to grow as the next disruptive innovation due to the ultra-high network bandwidth (60–100 Mbps for 6k streaming), ultra-high storage capacity, and ultra-high computation requirements. Video consumers are more interested in the immersive experience instead of conventional broadband televisions. The visible area (known as user’s viewport) of the video is displayed through Head-Mounted Display (HMD) with a very high frame rate and high resolution. Delivering the whole 360-degree frames in ultra-high-resolution to the end-user significantly adds pressure to the service providers’ overall intention. This paper surveys 360-degree video streaming by focusing on different paradigms from capturing to display. It overviews different projections, compression, and streaming techniques that either incorporate the visual features or spherical characteristics of 360-degree video. Next, the latest ongoing standardization efforts for enhanced degree-of-freedom immersive experience are presented. Furthermore, several 360-degree audio technologies and a wide range of immersive applications are consequently deliberated. Finally, some significant research challenges and implications in the immersive multimedia environment are presented and explained in detail.