Over the last decade, entrepreneurship programs have proven to be an effective strategy to fight poverty in various contexts, but what happens when these programs are meant for Mapuche people? The purpose of this article was to analyze the cultural characteristics, opportunities, and associated challenges of entrepreneurship programs aimed at Mapuche people in rural and urban areas of Chile, based on the experiences and meanings of their beneficiaries. To fulfill this objective, a qualitative study was conducted, providing an in-depth examination of the experiences of 17 Mapuche people who have participated in entrepreneurship interventions in the Metropolitan and Bio Bio Regions, Chile. The article describes the initial conditions of the enterprises and the general contribution of the programs, the geographic and cultural characteristics associated with the development of their enterprises, the points of agreement and tensions between the business world and the Mapuche world, the aspects of the programs that reinforce Mapuche entrepreneurship, and the distinctive effects of entrepreneurship as implemented by Mapuche people. Points of agreement and challenges associated with interculturality in the field of entrepreneurship and social programs are discussed, as well as notions of culture, cultural identity, and recognition.