On the derivation of the Landau-Lifshitz frame in relativistic kinetic theory

The Landau-Lifshitz frame has been widely used to represent the macroscopic quantities of relativistic hydrodynamics in the presence of the dissipative process. In this paper, we derive the Landau-Lifshitz frame in the near-equilibrium regime under self-contained assumptions that do not require comparison with the Eckart frame. And then we revisit the relativistic BGK model proposed by Anderson and Witting to provide an application example of the Landau-Lifshitz frame.

The Corona Phenomenon in Overhead Lines: Critical Overview of Most Common and Reliable Available Models

Research on corona discharge, shared by physics, chemistry and electrical engineering, has not arrested yet. As a dissipative process, the development of corona increases the resistive losses of transmission lines and enhances the line capacitance locally. Introducing additional losses and propagation delay, along the line, non-linearity and non-uniformity of the line parameters; therefore, corona should not be neglected. The present work is meant to provide the reader with comprehensive information on the corona macroscopic phenomenology and development, referring to the most relevant contributions in the literature on this subject. The models proposed in the literature for the simulation of the corona development are reviewed in detail, and sensitivity curves are provided to highlight their dependence on the input parameters.

Hierarchically porous activated carbons prepared via a dissipative process: high-capacity cathode for Li ion capacitors

Activated carbons with high specific surface area (SSA) and well-modulated pore structure are highly desirable for achieving high-performance capacitive energy storage. Herein, hierarchically porous activated carbons (PACs) are synthesized by...

Superior fracture resistance of fiber reinforced polyampholyte hydrogels achieved by extraordinarily large energy-dissipative process zones

Fiber-reinforced polyampholyte hydrogels have demonstrated superior fracture resistance by saturating extraordinarily large energy-dissipative process zones, outperforming other existing tough materials.

Damped harmonic oscillator and bosonic string theory through noncommutativity

Some features of noncommutativity are investigated in this work. A noncommutative (NC) versions for the 2D harmonic oscillator and scalar field theory are obtained via the Noncommutative Mapping and fourfold discussion are presented: first, the Lagrangian of the damped harmonic oscillator (DHO), which was an original explanation for the dissipative process presenting in the atomic nuclei collision, is reobtained through noncommutativity. Here, we show that the NC parameter plays the role of the viscous damping coefficient; second, the NC harmonic oscillator is mapped into the bosonic string theory in the light cone frame, which appears as a bosonic string theory attached to a D3-brane; third, we discuss the connection between DHO and bosonic string attached to a D3-brane; fourth, the NC scalar field is indicating into 2D-NC harmonic oscillator.

The First Law of Thermodynamics

The First Law of Thermodynamics, and how the First Law relates a change in a state function, internal energy, to changes in the path functions work and heat. Thermodynamic cycles. Heat capacities at constant volume, and the definition CV = (∂U/∂T)V. Mathematics of internal energy. Examples of the application of the First Law to isothermal, isobaric, isochoric and adiabatic changes. Reversible and irreversible paths. Mixing and friction as irreversible processes. Proof that that any path involving friction (or any other dissipative process) must be irreversible, implying that all real paths are irreversible.

Cosmology from a new nonconservative gravity

In this paper, we present a cosmological model arising from a nonconservative gravitational theory proposed in [M. J. Lazo, J. Paiva, J. T. S. Amaral and G. S. F. Frederico, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 101501.] The novel feature where comparing with previous implementations of dissipative effects in gravity is the possible arising of such phenomena from a least action principle, so they are of a purely geometric nature. We derive the dynamical equations describing the behavior of the cosmic background, considering a single fluid model composed by pressureles matter, whereas the dark energy is conceived as an outcome of the “geometric” dissipative process emerging in the model. Besides, adopting the synchronous gauge, we obtain the first-order perturbative equations which shall describe the evolution of the matter perturbations within the linear regime.