Infiltration of CD1a-positive dendritic cells in advanced laryngeal cancer correlates with unfavorable outcomes post-laryngectomy

Background The prognosis of advanced laryngeal cancer is unfavorable despite advances in multidisciplinary therapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in antitumor immunity. Tumor-infiltrating CD1a+ DCs have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in carcinomas of various organs, but the clinical impact of CD1a+ DCs in laryngeal cancer remains to be unequivocally established. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 57 patients with Stage III or IV laryngeal cancer who underwent a total laryngectomy. Immunohistochemistry detection of CD1a, S100 and CD8 was performed on representative resected specimens. CD1a+ DCs, S100+ DCs and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) were evaluated, and the cases divided into high and low groups according to the cut-off of the median values for each of these 3 parameters. Results Compared to the CD1a-low group, the CD1a-high group had more advanced cases and showed significantly worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (P = 0.008) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.032). The analyses of S100 DCs and CD8+ CTLs revealed no significant impact on clinical outcomes. However, multivariate analysis revealed that infiltration of CD1a+ DCs was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for both DSS (P = 0.009) and OS (P = 0.013). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that the infiltration of CD1a+ DCs was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer who underwent a total laryngectomy as the initial treatment.

Infiltration of CD1a-Positive Dendritic Cells in Advanced Laryngeal Cancer Correlates with Unfavorable Outcomes Post-Laryngectomy

Background: The prognosis of advanced laryngeal cancer is unfavorable despite the progress of multidisciplinary therapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in antitumor immunity. Tumor-infiltrating CD1a+ DCs have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in carcinomas of various organs, but the clinical impact of CD1a+ DCs in laryngeal cancer has not been clear.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 57 patients with Stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ laryngeal cancer who underwent a total laryngectomy. Immunohistochemistry for CD1a, S100, and CD8 was performed using representative resected specimens. CD1a+ DCs, S100+ DCs, and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) were evaluated, and we divided the cases into high and low groups by the cut-off of the median value for each of these three parameters.Results: Compared to the CD1a-low group, the CD1a-high group had more advanced cases and showed significantly worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (p=0.0082) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.0324). The analyses of S100 DCs and CD8+ CTLs revealed no significant impact on clinical outcomes. Multivariate analyses indicated that the infiltration of CD1a+ DCs ​​​is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in both DSS (p=0.0093) and OS (p=0.0132).Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the infiltration of CD1a+ DCs was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. It is not yet known why the presence of CD1a+ DCs lead to an unfavorable clinical outcome in laryngeal cancer. Further studies are necessary to validate our results and clarify the function(s) of tumor-infiltrating CD1a+ DCs.

Impact of CD56 Continuously Recognizable as Prognostic Value of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Results of Multivariate Analyses in the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG)-APL204 Study and a Review of the Literature

Background: After long-term analysis of the JALSG-APL204 study we recently reported that maintenance therapy with tamibarotene was more effective than all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) by reducing relapse in APL patients. Here, the clinical significance of other important prognostic factors was evaluated with multivariate analyses. Patients and Methods: Newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients were registered with the study. Induction was composed of ATRA and chemotherapy. Patients who achieved molecular remission after consolidation were randomly assigned to maintenance with tamibarotene or ATRA. Results: Of the 344 eligible patients, 319 (93%) achieved complete remission (CR). After completing consolidation, 269 patients underwent maintenance random assignment—135 to ATRA, and 134 to tamibarotene. By multivariate analysis, overexpression of CD56 in blast was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (RFS) (p = 0.006) together with more than 10.0 × 109/L WBC counts (p = 0.001) and the ATRA arm in maintenance (p = 0.028). Of all phenotypes, CD56 was related most clearly to an unfavorable prognosis. The CR rate, mortality rate during induction and overall survival of CD56+ APL were not significantly different compared with CD56− APL. CD56 is continuously an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for RFS in APL patients treated with ATRA and chemotherapy followed by ATRA or tamibarotene maintenance therapy.