brain neoplasia
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miya John ◽  
Padmashree Rao ◽  
Humaira Noor ◽  
Caroline Ford

AbstractThe cell surface receptor ROR1 is a therapeutic target of growing interest in oncology; however, its role in glioma has not been established thus far. This study analyzed associations between ROR1 mRNA expression and clinical outcomes, and histological and molecular subtypes in four independent glioma (grades II-IV) transcriptomic datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas-GBMLGG, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia, and GSE16011), encompassing a total of 2,388 cases. The data strongly suggests that ROR1 may be associated with poorer outcomes and more aggressive disease. Taken together, ROR1 should be further examined as a novel putative druggable target for glioma, a cancer that currently has very limited therapeutic options.


Author(s):  
Alessandro Pesce ◽  
Daniele Armocida ◽  
Francesco Paglia ◽  
Mauro Palmieri ◽  
Alessandro Frati ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain neoplasia in adults. Seizure is a common manifestation in GBM. Up to 25 to 60% of patients with GBM have seizures. We aim to summarize all the relevant clinical, surgical, radiologic, and molecular features of a cohort of patients suffering from GBM-related epilepsy and measure the outcome, to understand the possible existence of a clinical/phenotypical specificity of this subgroup of patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 177 patients affected by isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type (IDH-WT) GBM; 49 patients presented seizure at onset (SaO) and 128 were seizure free (SF). We investigated the relationship between seizures and other prognostic factors of GBMs. Results A statistically significant association between the location of the lesions in the parietal lobe and seizures was observed. The left side was more commonly affected. Interestingly, there was a statistical relationship between tumors involving the subventricular zone (SVZ) and SaO patients. The tumors were also smaller on average at diagnosis, and generalized SaOs were associated with longer overall survival. Conclusions The typical patient with IDH-WT GBM with SaO is a young (<55 year) male without a history of headache. The lesion is typically small to medium in size and located in the temporoparietal dominant lobe, with a high tendency to involve the SVZ.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110350
Author(s):  
Bruno Scalia ◽  
Abby Caine ◽  
Rachel Pittaway ◽  
Giunio Bruto Cherubini

Case series summary Seven cases of feline hippocampal and piriform lobe necrosis (FHN) are described, with particular emphasis on clinical, radiographic and histopathological correlations. FHN is an uncommon acute epileptic condition resembling human autoimmune limbic encephalitis and temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizures are typically focal and feature uni- or bilateral orofacial or head twitching, hypersalivation, lip smacking, mydriasis, vocalisation and motionless staring, with inter-ictal behavioural changes such as unprovoked aggression and rapid running. Emerging evidence supports an autoimmune aetiology, although disruption of hippocampal architecture secondary to brain neoplasia has also been recognised. Most commonly, however, the underlying cause remains unknown. Diagnosis is achieved clinically and with brain MRI; electroencephalography and voltage-gated potassium channel-complex autoantibodies are currently the subject of research. Affected cats are frequently refractory to conventional antiepileptic treatment. Relevance and novel information Following a review of the literature, including potential complicating factors and comparisons with human medicine, the hippocampus and piriform lobe are proposed as the neuroanatomical localisation for focal seizures with orofacial involvement in cats, regardless of aetiology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-550
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Gray ◽  
Atul Agarwal ◽  
Mark Tann ◽  
Nicholas A. Koontz

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viera Kútna ◽  
Libor Uttl ◽  
Robert Waltereit ◽  
Zdenka Krištofiková ◽  
Daniel Kaping ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Hansen ◽  
Marcia L. Hart ◽  
Susheel Busi ◽  
Taybor Parker ◽  
Angela Goerndt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyan Luo ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Zhibo Xia ◽  
Lixuan Yang ◽  
Zhiming Ding ◽  
...  

Midkine (MDK) expression is associated with the proliferation of many cancers, including glioma. However, the upstream signaling that leads to MDK accumulation remains elusive. This study investigates the molecular mechanism that induces MDK overexpression in human glioma. The Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data was analyzed to identify potential MDK regulators. Expression of MDK and specificity protein 1 (SP1) was compared in glioma specimens. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to confirm the transcriptional regulation. MDK-force–expressed, SP1-silenced glioma cells were used to test rescue effects in vitro and in vivo. MDK and SP1 expression in gliomas was significantly higher than in adjacent tissues and was positively correlated in glioma clinical samples and cell lines. The promoter of the human MDK gene has a putative SP1 binding site. SP1 binds to the promoter of the MDK gene and directly regulates MDK expression. MDK or SP1 gene silencing inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells and reduced the tumor volume in nude mice. Overexpression of MDK in SP1-silenced cells could partially rescue the SP1 inhibition effects in vivo and in vitro. SP1 directly up-regulated the expression of MDK, and the SP1-MDK axis cooperated in glioma tumorigenesis.


2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
Michela Visani ◽  
Dario de Biase ◽  
Gianluca Marucci ◽  
Serenella Cerasoli ◽  
Evandro Nigrisoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

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