Electrophysical Parameters of Nanofilled Polymer Composites Based on Polyethylene

The features of the dependence of the dielectric constant and the specific volume resistance of the composite "80 wt. % SKI-3 + 20 % wt. % LDPE" from the content of nanosized filler particles - aluminum and black carbon. The use of modern methods for studying macroscopic properties and electron microscopy made it possible to study the structure and morphology of the supramolecular formations of the composite. Models and possible physical mechanisms leading to extreme changes in εʹ and ρV at low concentrations of nanoparticles are presented.

Diverse Applications of Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposites are unique materials reinforced with nanoscale additives. Among a variety of nanomaterials available to act as filler additives in different polymer matrices, graphene is the most versatile one. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites have improved electrical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, which make them suitable for applications in the electronics, energy, sensor, and space sectors. Graphene, the nanosized filler, can be prepared using either a top-down or a bottom-up approach and dispersed in the polymer matrix utilizing different conventional techniques. The nanocomposite materials find usage in suitable area of applications depending on their specific characteristics. This chapter discusses the current state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques for graphene and graphene-based nanocomposite materials. Application of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites in the various fields with an emphasis on the areas high heat flux applications requiring enhanced thermal conductivity will be an additional major focus of this chapter.

Diverse Applications of Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposites are unique materials reinforced with nanoscale additives. Among a variety of nanomaterials available to act as filler additives in different polymer matrices, graphene is the most versatile one. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites have improved electrical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, which make them suitable for applications in the electronics, energy, sensor, and space sectors. Graphene, the nanosized filler, can be prepared using either a top-down or a bottom-up approach and dispersed in the polymer matrix utilizing different conventional techniques. The nanocomposite materials find usage in suitable area of applications depending on their specific characteristics. This chapter discusses the current state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques for graphene and graphene-based nanocomposite materials. Application of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites in the various fields with an emphasis on the areas high heat flux applications requiring enhanced thermal conductivity will be an additional major focus of this chapter.

Strengthening of the composite materials based on metal matrix and carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced powder nanocomposites based on copper matrix were successfully fabricated using a spark plasma sintering method. In this work, the mechanisms of hardening the metal matrix with nanosized filler particles were shown. A comparative analysis of the calculated and experimental values of the ultimate compressive strength for samples based on the copper matrix and carbon nanotubes was performed. Linear and root-mean-square models of hardening of composite materials with nano-sized filler were presented. The root-mean-square model allowed us to calculate reliably the values of the ultimate compressive strength at a concentration of CNT in the material up to 0.07 wt.%. The ultimate compressive strength decreases sharply when the content of CNTs in the material is more than 0.07 wt.%. The Orovan mechanism is the predominant mechanism of strengthening of composite materials: copper – CNT. The predominance of Orovan mechanism over other strengthening mechanisms is explained by the relatively low transfer efficiency of the load between the initial components of the material due to the weak interfacial connection between the matrix and the filler, the insufficiently uniform distribution of CNTs in the metal matrix, the agglomeration of nanosized filler, the location of a certain number of CNTs in the pore space of the metal matrix, the presence of pores of irregular shape. The results of the work were used in the development of new antifriction composite materials with improved strength properties for friction units of machines and mechanisms for various purposes.

The Development of a Functional Additive Based on a Nanosized Filler of Natural Origin for the Production of thin Multilayer Heat-Shrink Films

This paper sets out the results of developing a functional additive based on low-density polyethylene and a copolymer of ethylene with butene, hexene, and propylene to modify the properties of flexible polymer packing by mean of the controlled effect of a concentrate of nanosized filler introduced during polymer processing with the aim of replacing imported filler concentrates.

Self-Organization Processes in Silicate and Cement Construction Materials

Innovative materials and structures are analyzed in this paper. On the basis of provisions of the systems analysis the principles and approaches to modeling of processes of contact and condensation curing of silicate materials are developed. The mechanism of contact and condensation process on macro - and mesolevels of system is presented. There are provisions of synergetic at its base: formation of an infinite cluster of a framework of a raw from the power links connected by a contact condensation crossing point as a result of redistribution of an unstable phase calcium-silicate knitting between sources and drains of structure-forming elements. Theoretical modeling of intergrain condensation at the base of which there are submodels of the squeezed deposit and a capillary porous body is executed. The nanosized filler has a polyfunctional influence on the structure and properties of calcium-silicate and cement materials, takes part in the formation of new chemical compounds and the structure of pore walls.

Effect of Elastomeric Nanoparticles on Polystyrene/Organic Nanocomposites

The rheological behavior of nanosheet composites and the effect of morphology between elastomeric nanofiber and nanosheet composites were studied using a Cross-Williamson model and critical volume concentration was investigated by percolation threshold theory for fiber and sheet morphologies. Nanofiber and nanosheet particles were synthesized by a cold vulcanization process using a S2Cl2cross-linking reagent resulting from self-assembly of a PS-PI block copolymer. Nanofiber and nanosheet characterization was done by SEM. Rheological properties were measured and analyzed in terms of varying nanofiller and nanosheet loading from 0.5 to 10 wt%. For the nanofiber and nanosheet composites, the moduli were increased with increasing filler loading, whereas moduli of SI23 and SI43 composite decreased with increasing content. Both nanofiber and nanosheet composites showed a nanosized filler effect and their structural changes were between 5 and 10 wt%. Cross-Williamson three-parameter model was used to find zero-shear viscosity and relaxation time. Percolation threshold theory was used to study structural changes and calculate values.

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of PA66 Blended with MWNTs

A composite material is a macroscopic consolidation of two or more materials, having a detectable interface between them. A nanocomposite is the one which consists of two or more nanosized materials which are dispersed in a matrix in order to perk up the properties of the primary material. Polymer composites are prepared by dispersing strengthening fibres in the polymer matrix. A polymer nanocomposite consists of a polymer matrix with nanosized filler. CNTs are one of the most encouraging fillers because of their extraordinary properties and large aspect ratio. A microscopic amount of CNT can have an inquisitively large impact on the properties of a composite. CNTs have been well documented as nanostructural materials that can be used to alter mechanical properties of polymer-based composite materials because of their superior properties. In this research the properties, both elastic modulus and strength of Nylon-66 is improved by the selective addition of CNT. The main objectives include the study of the effect of CNTs content on the mechanical properties of Nylon 66. The composite is to be prepared at various compositions of CNT and material will be analysed by testing the mechanical properties using various test facilities. The finite element modelling of the test specimens were made and a Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach of finite element modelling is used to model the specimen. Mathematical calculations were performed to find out the modelling and RVE. The results are then compared and concluded.