WHICH STRUCTURES DOES THE HOUSEBREAKING CRIME PROTECT?

The origins of the housebreaking crime (for the sake of brevity this term will be used throughout this note, rather than the bulkier (but more accurate) “housebreaking with the intent to commit a crime”) are inexorably bound up with the need to protect the dweller in his or her abode. From the earliest times the interest of a person in the safe and private habitation of his home has been treated reverently and regarded as deserving of special protection by the law. This concern is reflected by the fact that common-law jurisdictions have typically classified housebreaking as a crime against the habitation, which implies the right to “feel secure in one’s own home”. With the broadening of the ambit of the crime (variously referred to as burglary or breaking and entering in other jurisdictions) beyond merely protecting habitation, differing approaches have been taken in defining the nature of the premises that can be broken into. Thus in English law, to be a “building” within the definition of the crime (in terms of s 9(1) of the Theft Act, 1968) the structure is required to have some degree of permanence and an inhabited vehicle or vessel is specifically included in theterm “building” (s 9(4) of the Theft Act, 1968). In Canada, breaking and entering (in terms of s 348 of the Canadian Criminal Code, RSC 1985, c.C-46) include, within the understanding of a “structure” which can be broken into and entered, spaces enclosed by a fence, but not unenclosed spaces. The position in South Africa has not been definitively resolved, although it can at least be accepted that it is incorrect to state that the breaking into and entering can only be in respect of an immovable structure, and cannot be committed by breaking into a movable structure. What then is the South African position regarding the nature of a “premises” which is protected by the housebreaking crime?

Dynamic Stability of an Ocean Current Turbine System

This paper presents a theoretical solution for the dynamic stability of the ocean current turbine system developed in Taiwan. This system is tethered to the sea floor and uses the Kuroshio Current to produce electricity. To maintain the performance of the turbine system in the presence of the Kuroshio Current, the stability of the surfaced turbine needs to be considered. The proposed system is composed of a turbine, a buoyance platform, a traction rope, and a mooring foundation. The two-dimensional theoretical solutions treat the turbine as a rigid body with a movable structure that is moored with two cables. In this model, the gravity, buoyancy, and drag force generated by the wave on the turbine structure are considered. In addition, an analytical solution is proposed for the general system. Finally, the effects of the wave on the pitch motion and dynamical stability of the ocean current turbine system are investigated.

Transformers in Architectures-Applicability Study on the Architecture with Mobile Roof

Mobile roof structure is a new type of architecture in which part of, or all of the entire roof can be moved or retracted within a short period of time so that the building with movable roof can be used in open or closed states. The time spent by the movable structure in opening or closing generally ranges from 10 to 30 minutes, and it adopts mechanical control. The open efficiency of the structure concerns the economic efficiency of the architecture, and different architectures with distinct functions also have different open efficiencies. However, generally speaking, 75% is the relatively appropriate open rate according to the statistics.