A revolution of one’s own: Elizabeth Edmonds translates the Greek War of Independence

In the wake of a ‘crushing sorrow’ at the age of 50, Elizabeth Edmonds (c.1821–1907) turned to Modern Greece for a solution. After four months’ stay in Athens in 1880, she returned to London a confirmed Philhellene. Her connections in Athens saw her engaging with the emergent Athenian generation of the 1880s; Palamas, Karkavitsas, Drosinis, Xenopoulos and Vizyinos were published in English translation long before they became figures of the Greek establishment. Edmonds’s links to Oscar Wilde and the diplomat Ioannis Gennadios put her in a fine position from which to promote the Greek cause in Britain. It is widely known that the Cretan Insurrection generated a ripple effect that prompted writers to return to events of 1821. My argument is that Edmonds did so with more subtlety than most. By translating Greek poetry and writing detailed articles, as well as publishing her own fiction inspired by the earlier revolution, Edmonds began to drip-feed a Philhellenism more in keeping with her own times to a British audience. The lives of Rhigas Feraios, Theodoros Kolokotronis and Bouboulina all emerged in Edmonds’s writing, along with the warrior figure of the andreiomeni lygeri. This article traces the development of Greek independence in Edmonds’s writing, from early fiction to later translation work. Through a consideration of this material, and Edmonds’s own correspondence, the article explores how the War of Independence served belatedly to give Edmonds a sense of voice and vocation.

Fast Geo-Location Method Based on Panoramic Skyline in Hilly Area

Localization method based on skyline for visual geo-location is an important auxiliary localization method that does not use a satellite positioning system. Due to the computational complexity, existing panoramic skyline localization methods determine a small area using prior knowledge or auxiliary sensors. After correcting the camera orientation using inertial navigation sensors, a fine position is achieved via the skyline. In this paper, a new panoramic skyline localization method is proposed that involves the following. By clustering the sampling points in the location area and improving the existing retrieval method, the computing efficiency of the panoramic skyline localization is increased by fourfold. Furthermore, the camera orientation is estimated accurately from the terrain features in the image. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves higher localization accuracy and requires less computation for a large area without the aid of external sensors.

Fine position control of a vehicle maintenance lift system using a hydraulic unit activated by magnetorheological valves

This work presents a new concept of fine position control of vehicle lift systems used for maintenance services, to facilitate specialized tasks such as height balancing of tilted vehicles. The research goal is accomplished by utilizing a controllable hydraulic circuit associated with magnetorheological valves. After establishing the required dynamic forces and position control range of the vehicle’s lift system, a two-coil type of magnetorheological valve is designed with consideration of the field-dependent properties of the magnetorheological fluid and the magnetic flux intensity, which is analyzed using the finite element method. Magnetorheological valves are then manufactured and the pressure drops are evaluated as a function of the input current (magnetic field). A hydraulic circuit with magnetorheological valves is formulated to control the height of the lift with an accuracy of ±1 mm with a load of 2000 kg on the each lifts. It is experimentally demonstrated that ramp and sinusoidal positions (or height) are well tracked within the targeted accuracy by controlling the magnetorheological valves. In addition, it is shown that the tilted position of the loaded vehicle with an eccentric mass placed on the lift is well controlled showing the balanced height.

KEDUDUKAN JAMINAN DAN DENDA PADA PEMBIAYAAN BANK SYARIAH

Islamic banking has a role as an intermediary institution that is an intermediary between savers and investors and banks to function as an agent of development. In funds, Islamic banks must provide the requirements that must be met by the customer (debtor), one of which is the guarantee and in the event of late payment by the customer, will be fined. However, in reality there are many financing that does not run smoothly. Islamic bank collateral position is as an application of the precautionary principle and the prudential banking bank or a fine position in Islamic banks are based on the principle ta'zir which aims to enable customers to be more disciplined in carrying out its obligations. The funds raised from fines is intended for charity

Development of the micro pixel chamber based on MEMS technology

Micro pixel chambers (μ-PIC) are gaseous two-dimensional imaging detectors originally manufactured using printed circuit board (PCB) technology. They are used in MeV gamma-ray astronomy, medicalimaging, neutron imaging, the search for dark matter, and dose monitoring. The position resolution of the present μ-PIC is approximately 120 μm (RMS), however some applications require a fine position resolution of less than 100 μm. To this end, we have started to develop a μ-PIC based on micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, which provides better manufacturing accuracy than PCB technology. Our simulation predicted the gains of MEMS μ-PICs to be twice those of PCB μ-PICs at the same anode voltage. We manufactured two MEMS μ-PICs and tested them to study their behavior. In these experiments, we successfully operated the fabricatedMEMS μ-PICs and we achieved a maximum gain of approximately 7×103 and collected their energy spectra under irradiation of X-rays from 55Fe. However, the measured gains of the MEMS μ-PICs were less than half of the values predicted in the simulations. We postulated that the gains of the MEMS μ-PICs are diminished by the effect of the silicon used as a semiconducting substrate.

SSR Mapping of QTLs Conferring Cold Tolerance in an Interspecific Cross of Tomato

A population of 146 RILs (Recombinant Inbred Line) was derived from the cross between a cold-sensitive cultivatedSolanum lycopersicumL. XF98-7 and a cold-tolerant wildSolanum pimpinellifoliumLA2184. Relative germination ratio (RGR) and chilling index (CI) were used to evaluate the cold tolerance of the parental lines and RILs. It was found that the RGR and CI were significantly different betweenS. lycopersicumXF98-7 andS. pimpinellifoliumLA2184 under cold treatment, indicating that wild species was more adapted to chilling temperature. The continuous and normal distribution of RGR and CI in RIL population suggested that the trait of cold tolerance was a typically quantitative trait controlled by multigenes. The molecular linkage map was constructed by using 120 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers, resulting in 15 linkage groups, with a total distance of 256.8 cM and average interval of 2.14 cM. Five QTLs controlling RGR and four QTLs for CI were detected with genetic contribution ranging from 0.95% to 19.55%. Thus, the nine QTLs will provide references for further fine position mapping for cold tolerance. The polymorphic markers could be used as a way of indirectly selecting the plant trait of interest and would promote developing new tomato variety by marker-assisted selection.