671. Increased Disease Severity and Larger Household Size Among Hispanic Infants With Pertussis: Chicago, IL, 2010–2016

Background Infants experience higher pertussis incidence and mortality compared with other age groups and 85% of infant cases are acquired from a household member. The Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) noted increased pertussis incidence among Hispanics from 2014 (5.3 cases per 100,000 population) to 2016 (12.3 cases per 100,000 population) while other ethnicities remained stable. Methods All pertussis cases reported to CDPH through the Illinois National Electronic Disease Surveillance System with onsets from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016 were included in the analyses. Variables of interest were age, race/ethnicity, household size, disease severity, healthcare location of diagnosis, and hospitalization. To assess differences in demographic and care-related indicators between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White (NHW) infants, chi-square tests were performed; risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results From 2010–2016, 1,036 pertussis cases were reported to CDPH including 276 infants aged <1 year. Among infant cases, 187(68%) were <4 months of age, 143(52%) male, 151(55%) were Hispanic and 54(20%) were NHW. Median household size for infants of all ethnicities was four members (range: 0–15). Of all infants with household member size of ≥4 persons (157), 64% were Hispanic. 185 (67%) of infants had ≥1 severe symptom (apnea, cyanosis, pneumonia, seizure, encephalopathy) and 133 (48%) were hospitalized. Diagnosis occurred in the emergency room (ER) for 199 (72%) infants. Hispanics were more likely than NHW to have household member size ≥4 (RR 1.9, P < 0.05), severe symptoms (RR 1.6, P < 0.05), hospitalization (RR 2.3, P < 0.05), and diagnosis in the ER (RR 2.8, P < 0.05) (Table 1). Conclusion Among Chicago infant pertussis cases, Hispanic infants have larger household sizes and more severe disease at time of diagnosis compared with NHW. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. KERETA API INDONESIA (PERSERO) DAOP IX JEMBER

This research aims to analyze and empirically prove the direct influence of work motivation and work environment on the employee performance, and the indirect influence of work motivation and work environment on the employee performance through work satisfaction and work discipline in PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Daop IX Jember. This is an explanatory research applying the proportionate sampling method. The population was all 163 employees of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Daop IX Jember. The sample of every sub-population was determined by dividing the sub-population with the number of population member multiplied by the member size of the sample that resulting in the total sample of 118 respondents. Data were collected from the questionnaire distribution and analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using IBM SPSS AMOS 20 software. Results of the study proved that all hypothesis were accepted meaning that motivation influences performance directly and indirectly through work satisfaction, and work environment influences performance directly and indirectly through work discipline. Keywords: Motivation, Work Environment, Satisfaction, Discipline, Performance

Reliability Evaluation of a Laminate Composite Plate Under Distributed Pressure Using a Hybrid Response Surface method

The inherent variability of major infrastructure can be associated with structural properties such as member size and geometry, elastic constants, density, strength characteristics or external load types. These variables and factors may give rise to risk, safety and uncertainty for general structures. In this paper, a comprehensive reliability evaluation framework is presented for a laminate composite plate under hydrostatic pressure. An establishment and verification of a response surface, the determination of performance function in terms of input and output random variables, and the comparative application of combined algorithms such as Monte Carlo simulation, artificial neural network and fuzzy theory are conducted.

Effects of member size and selective incentives of agricultural cooperatives on product quality

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of member size and external incentives (food safety certification and target market) on cooperative’s product quality, using data collected from 135 apple producing cooperatives in China. Design/methodology/approach – Given that different indicator variables were used to measure apple quality, the authors employed a principle component analysis method to reduce the measurement dimension. An ordinary least square regression was employed to analyse the effects of member size and selective incentives of agricultural cooperatives on product quality. Findings – The empirical results show that member size and cooperative’s product quality bear an inverse “U-shape” relationship, and food safety certification and target market variables tend to positively and significantly influence cooperative’s product quality. In particular, the cooperatives with more food safety certificates and targeting supermarkets and export enterprises are more likely to supply high-quality products. Originality/value – This study provides the first attempt to measure apple quality and investigate the factors that influence cooperative’s product quality.

Critical reaction forces of glulam members with tension-side notches at end supports

Tests were carried out on softwood structural glued-laminated-timber (glulam) members to calibrate a linear elastic fracture mechanics design method for bending members having tension-side end notches. Fifty-eight specimens with depths up to 646 mm represented 11 combinations of member size, notch depth, member geometry, loading arrangement, and glulam type. Specimens were loaded until they sustained significant damage at or near notch locations, but none of them failed as bending members. Notch damage started with creation of short stable cracks parallel to the laminations and ended with episodically crack growth. Typically, crack initiation is at about half the load level associated with episodic crack growth. Contrary to current design practice loads positioned close to notched end supports were found to influence strengths of members significantly, and their effects should be taken into account. The findings have been implemented in the 2014 edition of CAN/CSA Standard 086 “Engineering Design in Wood”.