PENERAPAN BUDAYA SUFISTIK TERHADAP MORAL ELEVATION PARA SANTRI DI PESANTREN PUTRA TEBUIRENG JOMBANG JAWA TIMUR

This research was conducted to analyze and describe the application of Sufistic culture to moral elevation in the formation of moral elevation of students at the Putra Tebuireng Islamic Boarding School in Jombang, East Java. The location of the study was carried out by the Islamic boarding school male Tebuireng Jombang. The research method used is a qualitative method using descriptive analysis and triangulation techniques. The research respondents consisted of 30 people aged 16-24 years. The results showed that the application of Sufistic culture to the moral elevation of male students and the formation of moral elevation in the world of pesantren education needed a consistent process and support from all parties. namely the creed, sharia, and morals as a support for the occurrence of moral elevation.

Age Norms and the Spirit of Capitalism

Adulthood is often associated with hard work, in contrast to childhood and later life, which are associated with play, education, and leisure. Yet the work-fixated sense of adulthood is about more than just age norms. Like any such ethos, it is situated in socioeconomic history. Workers are forced to work hard, the work ethic framing their exploitation within an aura of moral righteousness. According to Weber the normative weight commonly associated with ‘hard work’ derives from the advent of Protestantism in the late middle ages. Weber says that this new worldview birthed the ‘spirit of capitalism,’ and set the stage for the modern world to take shape. In the seventeenth century—hence roughly coinciding with mercantilism and the Reformation—was the invention of the modern concept of childhood, i.e. the radical division of childhood from adulthood. This period also inaugurated the European Enlightenment, where reason was elevated as a supremely honorable aspect of humanity, in many ways as a new source of this-worldly pseudo-salvation. ‘Adulthood’ was infused with these values—the ideal [male] adult is rational, responsible, hard-working, self-sufficient, and financially secure. It was adulthood, more than and in contrast to other times of life (e.g., childhood and later life), that absorbed and normalized the new economic and cultural trends. The moral elevation of hard work, combined with the greater demarcation of adulthood in contrast to childhood and later life, set up children and older adults to take on a status of moral inferiority due to their exclusion from the working world.

Changes in trauma-related cognitions and emotions after eliciting moral elevation: Examining the effects of viewing others’ virtuous behavior on veterans with PTSD

Moral elevation is described as feeling inspired after witnessing someone perform a virtuous act. Past work suggests moral elevation may be antithetical to PTSD, yet few studies have directly tested its impact on relevant symptoms. This experimental stud¬y assessed changes in trauma-related cognitions and emotions from after a trauma reminder task to after an elevation induction exercise. We hypothesized that higher elevation after the induction exercise would be associated with greater reductions in cognitions and emotions. Veterans with probable PTSD (N=64) completed measures of trauma-related cognitions and emotions, once after a written trauma narrative exercise (T1) and again after watching two videos designed to elicit elevation (T2). Veterans also completed measures of state elevation after each video. Results suggest veterans experienced small significant decreases in self-blame, medium significant decreases in guilt, shame, and negative beliefs about others, and large significant decreases in negative beliefs about self between T1 and T2. As hypothesized, higher elevation predicted significantly greater reductions in all outcomes except self-blame, with a large effect for views of self and medium effects for guilt, shame, and views of others. These findings suggest elevation may be well-suited to target trauma-related symptoms and future research should examine its clinical utility.

The organizational framing effect on consumer evaluations of corporate donations

Purpose This paperaims to investigate a novel expectation by examining how framing a company as its constituent members (members frame) versus an organization (organization frame) can influence consumer evaluations of a product or service from this company. Design/methodology/approach Four studies were conducted examining the effectiveness of an organization (vs members) frame in a between-subjects experimental design (a pilot study, Studies 1a, 1b and 2). Study 2 also tested the moderating role of donation strategies (amount-focused vs frequency-focused). Findings Results show a members (vs organization) frame leads to a higher purchase likelihood of a product from a company engaging in corporate donations. Further, this framing effect is mediated by increased levels of consumers’ perceptions about how committed the company is to the cause and the emotion of moral elevation in response to the company’s corporate donations. Moreover, this effect is moderated when the company uses a frequency-based (vs amount-based) donation strategy. Research limitations/implications This research contributes to the literature on message framing by demonstrating how the same information about a company may lead to differential effects on consumer evaluations, depending on whether the company is framed as its constituent members versus an organization. Practical implications This paper presents significant managerial implications for small companies, in which the owner is the company, about how they can effectively communicate corporate donations to the consumers. Originality/value This research provides a novel perspective on how the same information about a company may lead to differential effects on consumer evaluations, particularly in the context of corporate donations.

Development and validation of the State Moral Elevation Scale: Assessing state-level elevation across nonclinical and clinical samples

Research on moral elevation has steadily increased and identified several psychosocial benefits that bear relevance to both the general population and people with psychological distress. However, elevation measurement is inconsistent, and few state-level measures have been created and critically evaluated to date. To address this gap, the State Moral Elevation Scale (SMES) was developed and tested using an online sample (N = 930) including subsamples of general participants (nonclinical) and those who screened positive for mental health symptoms (clinical). Factor analysis indicated a single factor structure with nine items that demonstrated excellent reliability. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit statistics and strict measurement invariance across clinical and nonclinical subsamples. Last, correlational analyses with related constructs provided evidence of construct validity for both subsamples. Thus, the SMES is a psychometrically valid and reliable assessment tool for state-level elevation which can be used in both general and clinical populations.