Imagination as Crisis: Spinoza on the Naturalisation and Denaturalisation of Capitalist Relations

Many current Marxist debates point to a crisis of imagination as a challenge to emancipatory thoughts and actions. The naturalisation of the capitalist mode of production within the production of subjectivity is among the chief reasons behind this state of affairs. This article contributes to the debate by focusing on the notion of imagination, marked by a deep ambivalence capable of both naturalising and denaturalising social relations constitutive of the established order. Such an understanding of imagination is constructed from within the framework of historical materialism, and it draws on Spinoza and Marx, taking advantage of the similarities between the two with respect to the constitution of the subject. From this stems an investigation into the imagination as a material force that partakes both in subjection and liberation. This is further demonstrated in regard to juridical forms of subjectivation and the possibility of subverting these forms through imagination.

Галерея мужских образов в рассказе А.К. Гольдебаева Галчонок

The motif of the Apocalypse passes through all the works of the Samara writer A.K. Goldebaev (Semenov). But if in his early works he did not highlight the end of the world (It seems distant and therefore not so scary to the author), years later he realizes the seriousness of what is happening – death isapproaching. In the story The Young Jackdaw (In the Established Order), published in 1910 in the short story collection Knowledge, the writer starts a conversation about the fallen women. However, this topic is not the leading one, and the female characters are not central ones. In this article, the author attempts to reveal the true meaning of the work through the analysis of the system of male characters.

The Scientific Abstract as a Discursive Genre in Peruvian Scientific Journals of Education

The aim of the present study is to analyze the structure of 117 abstracts extracted from four Peruvian scientific journals of education. The analysis of the study units was carried out following the "rhetorical moves" model proposed by Swales and Feak. A documentary study was carried out. The results show a greater presence of movements 2, 3 and 4 and a lesser presence of movements 1 and 5, which evidences a greater interest in highlighting the purpose, method and results in the summaries on education. Regarding the order followed, the presence of structures of 4 and 3 movements is greater, although the established order is not always followed (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). It is concluded that the results show certain regularities compared to similar studies.

The Paradigm Shift of Political Science from Being “Change-oriented” to “Governance-oriented:” A Perspective on History of Political Science

The history of political philosophy serves as a valuable resource for the current research paradigms in political science. In comparative terms, the paradigm of Western research is essentially “change-oriented” and tends to shift constantly with its evolving thoughts. Due to the influence of bourgeois revolutions around the world, contemporary politics has transpired as the synopsis of governance of the established order. As the “governing strategies” of the established order encounter multiple social crises, the Marxist political science or Marxism has emerged as the naturally preferred alternative research paradigm. During the Cold War period, such governing strategies were adopted as universal values in Western political science, effectuating the prediction of “the end of the history.” After the launch of the reform and opening-up campaign, “change-oriented” liberal democracy became an instrumental paradigm for Chinese political science. However, as the contemporary world order disfavored this paradigm, Chinese scholars shifted their research focus to developing an independent discourse power in democracy and governance, as well as prioritizing state governance as their primary research paradigm and methodology. Thus, political science is expected to resume its common sense nearly after a century of political chaos.

The Concept of State in Kierkegaard’s Papers

In this paper, I aim to show the evolution of Kierkegaard’s views on the state scattered in his Papers. To do this, I will carry out an analysis divided into chronological periods, and I will characterize each period in terms of its main features. The goal is to give a comprehensive account of Kierkegaard as a champion of the monarchical and authoritative state, who loses his patience and attacks the established order only when he thinks that Christianity’s truth is at the greatest risk. This interpretation contrasts both with a mere despotic Kierkegaard and with a more liberal one.

Analysis of the application of the Think Methodology according to the American Think Book

Introduction. By means of a previous analysis, it was determined students of the Second Year “B” of Bachillerato General Unificado at “Combatientes de Tapi” High School, are not cognitively committed with the development of their performance in English due to the inadequate development of the “THINK” methodology. Objective. This study analyzed how THINK methodology helps to reinforce thinking and language skills in students. Methodology. This analysis was developed in Second Year “B” of Bachillerato General Unificado at “Combatientes de Tapi” High School, during the first term of the 2017-2018 school year. The population was 35 students; twenty-five of them men and ten women. The type of study was ethnographic and qualitative at an exploratory level. A non-participatory observation technique was used since the researcher plays a passive role; the data collection instrument was an observation guide. Results. It was determined that, in the current educational year, THINK methodology helps students to develop the ability to think critically together with improvements in language skills and should be applied according to the established order, paying great attention to promoting thinking skills and promoting language skills. Conclusions. It is concluded that the teacher rarely applied the methodology with high proficiency and just some of the recommended strategies to develop critical thinking were used.

Maqasid Al Syari'ah; Cara Islam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid 19

Hundreds of times human life has been visited by epidemics. It is also caused by disease outbreaks that a people have perished and been swallowed up by history. However, the same thing is always repeated, epidemics always come from carelessness caused by human actions themselves. As if not taking the existing lesson, humans naturally have a dichotomous character, apart from having a strong instinct to defend their life, on the other hand, humans have a tendency to do things that lead to their own destruction. Islam as a rational religion is required to provide certainty for problems related to the plague that is shaking the established order of life of Muslims. Islam must be a solution in providing a more definite answer to the direction of Muslim civilization in the covid-19 pandemic season should be built to lead to a new normal era. One answer is to use the perspective of maqasid al-shari'ah in exploring the sources of sharia law to find solutions for Muslims during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Ritratto dell’artista da effeminato. Agatone e Zambinella

The essay starts from the figure of the poet-gynnis, Agatone, with whom Aristophanes opens the Thesmophoriazusae’s seemingly conventional plot, that heightened the men/women historically binary opposition in the Athenian polis. The elusive and metamorphic figure of the effeminate-asexual poet, who explicitly recalls an Aeschilean representation of Dionysus, the god of the theatre, strongly confirms the familiarity of Aristophanes with the Orphic-Dionysian sphere also attested in his masterpiece The Birds and in Plato’s Symposium. Aristophanes’ attention for the reasons of this line of thought, an alternative to the dominant thought in the city, has obvious implications of political and social criticism towards the historically established order and, at the same time, poses the topic of theatre and poetry. The gynnis is a poet’s ambiguous portrait and, in this particular comedy, it also questions the reasons and working of dramatization between mimesis and fantastic deformation.