Analysis of the use bioethanol-pertalite mixtures in motorcycles on fuel consumption efficiency

Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that depend on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable fuels. The increasing use of fossil fuels causes fossil fuel reserves to dwindle, there is a need for alternative fuels. the use of alternative fuels is the right solution, alternative fuels that have been developed include bioethanol. The research method used in this study used pure pertalite data as a comparison, then continued with a mixture of bioethanol and pertalite with a variety of bioethanol and pertalite mixtures used were 10ml bioethanol 90ml pertalite, 20ml bioethanol 80ml pertalite, and 30ml bioethanol 70ml pertalite. variations of engine speed used 1000, 2000, and 3000 RPM. Then the fuel consumption data analysis was carried out on the engine. The results of the research conducted will get results for RPM 1000 with 10 ml bioethanol content, there will be less fuel consumption than pure pertalite as well as 20 ml. In the 3000 RPM Round with 10 ml bioethanol content, the fuel consumption is more efficient than pure pertalite, the same thing with bioethanol with 20 ml levels, the fuel consumption is less than pertalite.

Constructing the optimal power algorithm for AS/RS systems using multi-mobile robots

For any mobile system there is especially advantageous from a business perspective to develop energy-saving techniques that also extend to existing production processes. Therefore, looking for ways to enhance the energy efficiency of robot operations to maximize energy consumption efficiency is of considerable significance, a route-planning issue that refers to finding the shortest path to meet the predetermined goal location in a certain complex environment. So, one of the energy saving methods for a multi-mobile robot environment is to find the optimal path for a mobile robot that can improve power consumption. In this paper, an optimal power algorithm for “automatic storage and retrieval system” using multi-mobile robots is introduced based on efficient motion planning among a group of multi-mobile robots that gives a significant improvement in the level of energy consumption. Energy mechanism can be achieved using electrical power quantities on real robots, models or analytical equations based on robots’ physical model. The simulation results indicate that the algorithm enhanced power consumption efficiency.

Assessment of the amount of inputted energy and discharged greenhouse gasses from wheat cultivation in Ardabil province of Iran

preventing greenhouse gasses discharge and proper environment maintenance is crucial for human race. For a sustained agricultural development, managing energy consumption and greenhouse gasses discharge (GHG) is important in all agricultural agroecosystem. This study aims to compare wheat cultivation in irrigated and dryland wheat production using energy usage-based greenhouse gas discharge in diverse climatic areas. Throughout 2019, a face-to-face questionary was used to obtain data from wheat cultivators. The total energy usage according to gathered data are 14975 and 54963.9 MJ ha−1 for dryland and irrigated wheat production. In dryland wheat production, energy consumption efficiency was 16% higher compared to energy consumption efficiency of irrigated wheat production. The total amount of GHG for dryland wheat production was 370.5 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 520.62 kg CO2-eq ha−1 and for irrigated wheat production, total GHG was 620.8 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 2986.71 kg CO2-eq ha−1. The order of GHG from low to high in dryland wheat production was chemical fertilizers, machinery, and diesel fuels. In order to reduce the GHG and its environmental effect, efficient energy consumption is vital in wheat production.

Pengaruh Rasio Campuran Napthalene pada Premium terhadap Efisiensi Bahan Bakar dan Kinerja Mesin Sepeda Motor 4tak

ABSTRAKPemerintah Indonesia berharap kualitas baik dari gas buang kendaraan khususnya sepeda motor, diperlukan bahan bakar kualitas tinggi yaitu bahan bakar dengan nilai oktan tinggi. Napthalene adalah senyawa hidrokarbon dengan rumus kimia C10H16O. Struktur kimia yang mirip bensin, memiliki rantai lebih panjang membuat Napthalene diduga dapat meningkatkan nilai oktan bensin. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis pengaruh rasio pencampuran Napthalene pada premium terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar (km/l) dan peningkatan kinerja pada mesin sepeda motor bebek jenis manual 110 cc dan 115 cc. Metodenya adalah eksperimen. Parameternya yaitu tingkat efisiensi konsumsi premium (km/l), peningkatan kinerja meliputi torsi dan daya (Horse Power) pada motor jenis tersebut.Rasio perbandingan Napthalene dan premium yaitu 3 gram/l, 6 gram/l dan 9 gram/l. Hasil uji menunjukkan rasio pencampuran Napthalene pada premium sebanyak 9 gram/l merupakan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap tingkat efisiensi konsumsi premium dan kinerja mesin pada kedua jenis motor tersebut. Aplikasi tersebut tentunya akan memperbaiki kualitas gas buang.Kata kunci : efisiensi, premium, naphthalene, nilai oktan ABSTRACTThe Indonesian government hopes that the good quality of vehicle exhaust gases, especially motorcycles, requires high quality fuel, namely fuel with a high octane rating. Napthalene is a hydrocarbon compound with the chemical formula C10H16O. The chemical structure is similar to gasoline, having a longer chain makes Napthalene allegedly able to increase the octane value of gasoline. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of the Napthalene mixing ratio at premium on fuel consumption (km/l) and performance improvement on the 110 cc and 115 cc manual motorcycle engines. The method is experimental. The parameters are the level of premium consumption efficiency (km/l), increased performance including torque and power (Horse Power) on this type of motorcycles. The ratio of Napthalene and premium is 3 grams/l, 6 grams/l and 9 grams/l. The test results show that the Napthalene mixing ratio at premium as much as 9 grams/l is the most influential on the level of premium consumption efficiency and engine performance on both types of motorcycles. The application will certainly improve the quality of exhaust gas.Keywords: efficiency, premium, naphthalene, octane rating

Evaluation of Oak-Specific Consumption, Efficiency, and Losses from an Aesthetic Veneer Factory

The paper aimed to investigate the losses on the manufacturing flow of an aesthetic veneer factory, in order to know their value and to take measures to limit or use them efficiently. For the analysis, the oak species (Quercus robur) was taken into account, through 25 analyzed logs. Statistical investigation has used the Minitab 18 program, for a 95% confidence interval. Minimum values of losses were obtained for the sectioning-grooming operations with 0.6% and debarking with 4.9%, and the highest values were obtained when cutting veneers with 15.9% and formatting veneers with 22.8%. Based on the losses on the manufacturing flow of 67.3%, the specific consumption index of 2.75 m3/m3 or 1.84 m3/1000 m2 of veneer was determined when the average thickness of the veneers was 0.67 mm. The paper highlights the methodology and the values resulting from the investigation of the technological losses and of the specific consumption from an aesthetic veneer factory.

Design control system for Pan-Tilt Camera for Visual Tracking based on ADAR method taking into account energy output

In this paper, we propose a controller for a camera-based Pan-Tilt device. The approach uses the target image feature to steer the Pan-Tilt device to the target with random movement. Since these systems are often mounted on mobile equipment, energy efficiency should also be taken into account. In order to improve the control energy consumption efficiency of the Pan-Tilt system mounted with cammera, the authors use a dark objective function with optimal energy components to find controller parameters. Simulation results on the PanTilt system show that the camera can track a moving target quickly and stably and the control energy can be changed through the controller parameter according to the purpose of use.