Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar di Kelas IX

This article discusses the problem-solving abilities of students in the flat-sided geometry material in the odd semester of the 2020/2021 school year. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo involving 35 students of class IX as research subjects, who were selected using purposive sampling data collection techniques. Data collection was carried out using tests in the form of story questions to measure problem-solving abilities and interviews to strengthen and add the required information. Indicators used to measure problem-solving abilities include: 1) understanding the problem, 2) plan a solution, 3) solve the problem, 4) recheck the results obtained. The results showed that the average achievement of students' ability levels in solving contextual questions in class IX of SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo was still in the low category, namely 53.51% although there were some students who got high scores. This is shown by the achievement of the indicator of understanding the problem with a percentage of 44.86%, the indicator of planning for completion getting a percentage of 61.14%, the indicator of solving the problem getting a percentage of 63.86% and the indicator re-checking the results obtained getting a percentage of 43.62%.

ITEM QUALITY ANALYSIS FOR MEASURING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS

This research aims to determine the quality of the questions used to measure students ' mathematical problem-solving skills. This type of research includes quantitative descriptive research. The research subject is a grade VII student with a primary data source is scores of mathematical problem-solving skills. The research instrument used was a written test to measure problem-solving abilities. The data analysis technique used is a quantitative analysis by looking at the validity, reliability, differentiation power, and bullet-grain index of the matter. The results showed that the problem has been valid, the reality belongs to the category quite well, the differentiator power for three items, including bad, enough, and good classes. Meanwhile, the difficulty index shows a number in the easy category, and two names are included in the medium category. Thus, it concluded that the instruments used to measure problem-solving abilities are valid and in a suitable category. It can see it from the instrument trial results with the percentage value of students' problem-solving abilities, which is included in the very high category, namely 20%. The number of students who have problem-solving skills in great variety could be presented at 53.33%. Students who have sufficient and low problem-solving abilities were given at 16.67% and 10%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal yang digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII dengan sumber data utama adalah skor kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes tertulis untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan melihat validitas, realibilitas, daya pembeda, dan indeks kesukaran butir soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa butir soal telah valid, realibilitas termasuk dalam kategori cukup baik, daya pembeda untuk tiga butir soal termasuk kategori buruk, cukup, dan baik. Sementara itu, indeks kesukaran soal menunjukkan satu nomor dalam kategori mudah dan dua nomor termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah telah valid dan berkategori baik. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil ujicoba instrumen dengan persentase nilai kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi yaitu 20%. Jumlah siswa yang memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan kategori tinggi dapat dipresentasekan sebesar 53,33%. Siswa yang memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan kategori cukup dan rendah dipresentasekan sebesar 16,67% dan 10%.

Pengembangan dan Validasi Instrumen Tes untuk Mengukur Keterampilan Menyelesaikan Masalah Peserta Didik SMA pada Pelajaran Fisika

Abstrak: Keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah adalah salah satu keterampilan penting yang perlu dimiliki oleh peserta didik untuk dapat melanjutkankan ke pendidikan yang lebih tinggi dan kebutuhan dimasa mendatang. Adapun instrumen penilaian yang baik diperlukan guru untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dicapai peserta didik. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan instrumen penilaian yang valid digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah peserta didik fisika berdasarkan para ahli dan uji empiris. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian R & D dengan pendekatan 4D. Penelitian ini menggunakan 7 orang validator dan subjek uji empiris terdiri atas 200 orang peserta didik kelas XI SMA. Data dikumpulkan dengan lembar validasi dan instrumen penilaian. Data hasil validasi ahli di analisis menggunakan V’Aiken, dan data uji empiris di analisis menggunakan teori respon butir. Adapun hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa instrumen penilaian yang dikembangkan telah valid menurut para ahli dengan nilai validasi antara 0,93 sampai 1. Adapun berdasarkan uji empiris didapatkan dari 15 butir pertanyaan tes terdapat 2 butir pertanyaan yang tidak valid dan harus dibuang. Nilai reliabilitas berdasarkan uji empiris adalah 0,83 berada pada kategori tinggi yang menunjukkan instrumen dapat digunakan. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan dan Validasi, Instrumen Penilaian, Keterampilan Menyelesaikan MasalahAbstract: Problem solving skills are one of the important skills that students need to have to be able to continue to higher education and needs in the future. The good assessment instrument is needed by the teacher to determine the level of knowledge and skills achieved by the students. The purpose of this study is to produce a valid assessment instrument used to measure problem solving skills of physics students based on experts and empirical tests. This type of research is an R & D study with a 4D approach. This study uses 7 validators and empirical test subjects consisting of 200 students of class XI senior high school. Data is collected with validation sheets and assessment instruments. The data from expert validation were analyzed using V’Aiken, and empirical test data was analyzed using item response theory. The results of the study explain that the assessment instruments developed have been valid according to experts with validation values between 0.93 to 1. As for the empirical tests obtained from 15 test questions there are 2 items that are invalid and must be discarded. The reliability value based on the empirical test is0.83 in the high category which shows the instrument can be used.Keywords: Developing and Validation, Instrument Test, Problem Solving Skills