The antimicrobial and antioxidant property, GC–MS analysis of non-edible oil-seed cakes of neem, madhuca, and simarouba

Background The antimicrobial activity against clinically and agriculturally important microorganisms, antioxidant property and chemical profiling of acetone crude extracts of non-edible oil-seed cakes of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), madhuca (Madhuca longifolia syn. Madhuca indica Gmelin) and simarouba (Simarouba glauca DC) obtained by hot and cold extraction methods were tested in-vitro. Results The hot neem and cold acetone extracts of madhuca and simarouba were inhibitory to Staphylococcus aureus. The enteric pathogens-Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella enterica were inhibited by both hot and cold extracts of simarouba cake. Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum capsici were sensitive to oil-seed cake extracts of madhuca and simarouba cake extracts followed by neem cake extract. The Aspergillus flavus was highly sensitive to neem followed by madhuca and simarouba extracts. The cyclic voltammetry of all extracts indicated the presence of oxidation peaks at different Epa values suggesting the presence of antioxidant ability. The GC–MS profile revealed the presence of pharmacologically important essential compounds. Conclusion The study revealed the presence of bioactive compounds in non-edible oil-seed cakes that could be exploited for human welfare.

Fractal Modeling Research in Permeability of Camellia and Bancoul Nut Cakes under Cold-Press

This study focuses on cold-pressed oil cakes of camellia and bancoul nut seeds, studying the fractal characteristics of pore microstructure of these two oilseed cakes. Combined with the fractal theory, the Darcy law and Hagen-Poiseuille formula were applied to establish a fractal permeability model of oil seed cakes. Cold press was used to determine permeability of oil cakes of camellia and bancoul nut seeds. The calculated values obtained through the model were compared to the experimental values. The relative average errors for camellia and bancoul nut oilseed cakes were 11.7% and 8.7%, respectively.

Manurial value of byproducts of bio-diesel feed stocks on finger millet grain and dry fodder productivity

A replicated field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Madenur located in Hassan District, Karnataka in rainy season during 2007 to assess the manurial value of by-products of bio-diesel feed stocks-pongamia and neem oil seed cakes vis-à-vis conventional plant nutrients sources (combination of farm yard manure and inorganic fertilizers) on the grain and fodder productivity of finger millet, the staple food cereal of southern Karnataka. Grain and dry fodder productivity of finger millet crop grown using pongamia and neem seedoil cakes is comparable to that grown using conventional plant nutrient sources. Application of plant nutrients only through pongamia and neem seed oil cakes resulted in higher available soil Nitrogen, Potassium and Organic Carbon contents.