Fractal Modeling Research in Permeability of Camellia and Bancoul Nut Cakes under Cold-Press

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1008-1015
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong Ren ◽  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Ge Chen ◽  
Zhi Xian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Darcy Law ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Cold Press ◽  
Fractal Modeling ◽  
Oil Cakes ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Oil Seed Cakes

This study focuses on cold-pressed oil cakes of camellia and bancoul nut seeds, studying the fractal characteristics of pore microstructure of these two oilseed cakes. Combined with the fractal theory, the Darcy law and Hagen-Poiseuille formula were applied to establish a fractal permeability model of oil seed cakes. Cold press was used to determine permeability of oil cakes of camellia and bancoul nut seeds. The calculated values obtained through the model were compared to the experimental values. The relative average errors for camellia and bancoul nut oilseed cakes were 11.7% and 8.7%, respectively.

Research on Fractal Permeability Model for Cold-Pressed Oil Cake

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1607-1613
Author(s):  
Zhi Xian Sun ◽  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Guo Xiang Lin ◽  
Xiao Cong Ren
Keyword(s):  
Model Calculation ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Oil Cakes ◽  
Soybean Cake ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Poiseuille Equation

Aiming at cold-pressed oil cakes of linseed and sunflower seed, the pore fractal characteristics of microstructures have been studied. By combining Hagen-Poiseuille equation with fractal theory, a fractal permeability model for oil cake has been developed. The permeability of linseed and sunflower seed cakes under cold-pressed condition has been measured. It was found that the relative average errors are 12.8% and 16.8% for the soybean cake and sunflower seed cake respectively by comparing the result from the model calculation and experiment.

scholarly journals Development of Back-calculation Model for Aggregate Gradation Determination Using Fractal Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Bagus Hario Setiadji ◽  
Supriyono ◽  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Fractal Characteristic ◽  
Fractal Characteristics

Several studies have shown that fractal theory can be used to analyze the morphology of aggregate materials in designing the gradation. However, the question arises whether a fractal dimension can actually represent a single aggregate gradation. This study, which is a part of a grand research to determine aggregate gradation based on known asphalt mixture specifications, is performed to clarify the aforementioned question. To do so, two steps of methodology were proposed in this study, that is, step 1 is to determine the fractal characteristics using 3 aggregate gradations (i.e. gradations near upper and lower bounds, and middle gradation); and step 2 is to back-calculate aggregate gradation based on fractal characteristics obtained using 2 scenarios, one-and multi-fractal dimension scenarios. The results of this study indicate that the multi-fractal dimension scenario provides a better prediction of aggregate gradation due to the ability of this scenario to better represent the shape of the original aggregate gradation. However, careful consideration must be observed when using more than two fractal dimensions in predicting aggregate gradation as it will increase the difficulty in developing the fractal characteristic equations.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN CYBER SECURITY: FRACTALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN INFORMATION AND CYBER SECURITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Svitlana Shevchenko ◽  
Yulia Zhdanovа ◽  
Svitlana Spasiteleva ◽  
Olena Negodenko ◽  
Nataliia Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Fractal Modeling ◽  
Encryption Algorithms

The article deals with the application of modern mathematical apparatus in information and cyber security namely fractal analysis. The choice of fractal modeling for the protection of information in the process of its digital processing is grounded. Based on scientific sources, the basic definitions of the research are analyzed: fractal, its dimension and basic properties used in the process of information protection. The basic types of fractals (geometric, algebraic, statistical) are presented and the most famous of them are described. The historical perspective of the development of fractal theory is conducted. Different approaches to the application of fractal theory in information and cyber security have been reviewed. Among them are: the use of fractal analysis in encryption algorithms; development of a method of protecting documents with latent elements based on fractals; modeling the security system of each automated workplace network using a set of properties that can be represented as fractals. The considered approaches to the application of fractal analysis in information and cyber security can be used in the preparation of specialists in the process of research work or diploma work.

scholarly journals Effect of Grain Size on Microscopic Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Carbonate-Based Sand and Silicate-Based Sand

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Shao-Heng He ◽  
Zhi Ding ◽  
Hai-Bo Hu ◽  
Min Gao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fractal Characteristics

In this study, a series of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests was conducted on calcareous sand, quartz sand, and glass bead with a wide range of grain sizes, to understand the effect of grain size on the micro-pore structure and fractal characteristics of the carbonate-based sand and silicate-based sand. The pore size distribution (PSD) of the tested materials were obtained from the NMR T2 spectra, and fractal theory was introduced to describe the fractal properties of PSD. Results demonstrate that grain size has a significant effect on the PSD of carbonate-based sand and silicate-based sand. As grain size increases, the PSD of sands evolves from a binary structure with two peaks to a ternary structure with three peaks. The increase in the grain size can cause a remarkable increase in the maximum pore size. It is also found that the more irregular the particle shape, the better the continuity between the large and medium pores. In addition, grain size has a considerable effect on the fractal dimension of the micro-pore structure. The increase of grain size can lead to a significant increase in the heterogeneity and fractal dimension in PSD for calcareous sand, quartz sand and glass bead.

Application of Fractal Theory in Aggregate Gradation Research

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 1923-1928
Author(s):  
Bo Tan ◽  
Rui Hua Yang ◽  
Yan Ting Lai
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Aggregate Distribution ◽  
Dimension Formula ◽  
Mass Fractal ◽  
Fractal Characteristics

The paper presents the fractal dimension formula of distribution of asphalt mixture aggregate diameter by the deducing mass fractal characteristics function. Taking AC-20 and SMA-20 as examples, selected 6 groups of representative grading curves within the grading envelope proposed by the present specification, and calculated their fractal dimensions. The asphalt mixture gradation has fractal dimension D (D∈(1,3)), and the fractal of continuous gradation is single while the fractal of gap-gradation shows multi-fractal with 4.75 as the dividing point. Fractal dimension of aggregate gradation of asphalt mixture reflect the structure characteristics of aggregate distribution, that is, finer is aggregate, bigger is the fractal dimension.

Transport Behavior of Liquid Hydrocarbon in Shale Matrix with Mixed Wettability Nanopores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxiang Zhao ◽  
Yuedong Yao ◽  
Caspar Daniel Adenutsi ◽  
Lian Wang ◽  
Fengrui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Slip Length ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Darcy Law ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Boundary Slip ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Oil Transport ◽  
Transport Behavior ◽  
Mixed Wettability

Abstract Shale oil is an unconventional petroleum resource which has high total organic carbon (TOC) content and abundant nanopores. The transport behavior of oil through organic rich shales cannot be described by the classical Darcy law due to its complex pore structure and the complicated distribution of organic matter, which results in nanoconfined effects. In this work, on the basis of the boundary slip phenomenon and the fractal scaling theory, a model for oil transport in shale matrix is established considering nanoconfined effects and adsorbed organic matter. The results show that it is necessary to make correction of viscosity and the boundary slip length in order to accurately describe the flow behavior of oil in shale matrix with mixed wettability nanopores. Long chain molecules are more sensitive to nanoconfined effects, especially when adsorbed organic matter is considered. Also, the oil transport capacity in organic shale matrix is greatly enhanced compared to the classical no-slip permeability model. Meanwhile is the oil transport capacity is significantly reduced in inorganic shale matrix. This work shows that the identification of higher TOC region and considering the nanoconfined effects are necessary from the concept of oil transport in shale matrix.

A FRACTAL PERMEABILITY MODEL FOR REAL GAS IN SHALE RESERVOIRS COUPLED WITH KNUDSEN DIFFUSION AND SURFACE DIFFUSION EFFECTS

Fractals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050017 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAO WU ◽  
SHIFANG WANG
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Surface Diffusion ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Knudsen Diffusion ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Real Gas ◽  
Shale Reservoirs

A better comprehension of the behavior of shale gas transport in shale gas reservoirs will aid in predicting shale gas production rates. In this paper, an analytical apparent permeability expression for real gas is derived on the basis of the fractal theory and Fick’s law, with adequate consideration of the effects of Knudsen diffusion, surface diffusion and flexible pore shape. The gas apparent permeability model is found to be a function of microstructural parameters of shale reservoirs, gas property, Langmuir pressure, shale reservoir temperature and pressure. The results show that the apparent permeability increases with the increase of pore area fractal dimension and the maximum effective pore radius and decreases with an increase of the tortuosity fractal dimension; the effects of Knudsen diffusion and surface diffusion on the total apparent permeability cannot be ignored under high-temperature and low-pressure circumstances. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of gas transport in shale reservoirs.

scholarly journals A Study of the Spatial Form of Maling Village, Henan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7350
Author(s):  
Qindong Fan ◽  
Fengtian Du ◽  
Hu Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Shape ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Village

In order to improve the study of the spatial form of villages, fractal theory is used to analyze the plane and facade of Maling Village, Changdai Town, Mengjin County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China. The results show that the village facade and plane spatial shape of Maling Village have obvious fractal characteristics and the fractal dimension can be used as an important index to evaluate the plane and facade shape of the village. The fractal dimension of each land use type is between 1.2415 and 1.7443. The stability index of land use types in the village follows the order of village construction land > cultivated land > road > garden land > woodland > grassland. The research results can provide decision-making information for the rational use and planning of village land.

scholarly journals Evolution Rules of Fractures for Mudstone under Compression Shear Load and the Fractal Characteristics of Broken Blocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyun Chai ◽  
Jinbo Bai ◽  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Pan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Logarithmic Relationship

Failure of rocks is commonly induced by compressive and shear coupling loading. Knowledge of the mechanism and process of deformation and failure of rocks under compressive shear loading condition is an important basis for the study of stability in rock engineering. Based on the nonlinear fractal theory, it is possible to examine the evolution rules of fractures in mudstone under compression shear load and the fractal characteristics of broken blocks using the shear compression test with variable angles of mudstone specimens in natural conditions. This research shows that the cohesion and friction angle parameters of rock samples are achieved by draw Mohr’s strength envelope according to the test date of variable-angle shear compression test. It also shows that the shape of load-displacement curves of rocks can be divided into four stages: compaction, elastic, plastic, and fracture, and the curve can accurately represent the transformation and breakage characteristics of rock during shear fracture. And the distribution of broken blocks shows a strong statistical resemblance to the fractal distribution, and the fractal dimension is able to reflect the distribution characteristics of broken blocks. With increasing the shear angle, the fractal dimension of broken blocks decreases in a logarithmic relationship.

Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Rapeseed Oil and Protein from Dehulled Cold-pressed Double-low Rapeseed Cake

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xing Niu ◽  
Wenlin Li ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Qingde Huang ◽  
Mulan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Enzymatic Extraction ◽  
Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction ◽  
Rapeseed Cake ◽  
Cold Press ◽  
Cold Pressed

Abstract The oil and protein of dehulled cold-pressed double-low rapeseed cake was extracted by an aqueous enzymatic process. The rapeseed cake was treated by the chosen combined enzymes of Viscozyme L and Alcalase 2.4L (VLA,1:1,w/w). Preliminary experiments and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to study the effects of enzyme concentration, incubation time and water-to-cake ratio on the extraction yield of oil and protein. This is how the desirable conditions were obtained. Transmissive electron microscope photo showed that after cold-pressing the cell structure of rapeseed was partly damaged while dehulling had little effect on the cell structure of rapeseed. In RSM experiments water-to-cake ratio showed significant effects on the extraction of oil and protein (P<0.05),while incubation time only showed significant effects on protein yield (P<0.05).The desirable conditions were as follows: 1.0% concentration (w/w) of VLA; water-to-cake ratio(w/w),6:1; 80 min incubation time. Under this condition, the extraction yield of protein and oil were 82.10% and 71.89%, respectively. Through combining both the cold-press and the aqueous enzymatic processes together, the total oil yield reached 91.6%, which is higher than the normal cold-press process or the aqueous enzymatic extraction process alone.

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