Does Neighbourhood Design Impact Social Interactions Amongst Neighbours? Studying The Influence Of Neighbourhood Built-form & Type On Socialization Among Neighbours In Canadian Cities

Urban planning has devoted significant effort to exploring the linkages between neighbourhood design and social interactions. With the increasing popularity of New Urbanism, the role New Urbanist design features play in promoting neighbourly socialization and strengthening communal bonds have become widely debated. This thesis contributes to the existing literature by researching how socialization differs between New Urbanist and traditional suburban neighbourhoods and whether the socialization difference, if any, results from differences in neighbourhood structure and design. This thesis uses a data set comprised of eight neighbourhoods - four of which are New Urbanist neighbourhoods and the other four are traditional suburban neighbourhoods. Using ordered probit regression modelling, the extent of socialization that stems from households’ demographic characteristics and the housing-level and neighbourhood-level physical design features is determined. The results indicate that socialization is more likely to be influenced by the amalgamated effect of neighbourhood type, rather than design features alone.

Does Neighbourhood Design Impact Social Interactions Amongst Neighbours? Studying The Influence Of Neighbourhood Built-form & Type On Socialization Among Neighbours In Canadian Cities

Urban planning has devoted significant effort to exploring the linkages between neighbourhood design and social interactions. With the increasing popularity of New Urbanism, the role New Urbanist design features play in promoting neighbourly socialization and strengthening communal bonds have become widely debated. This thesis contributes to the existing literature by researching how socialization differs between New Urbanist and traditional suburban neighbourhoods and whether the socialization difference, if any, results from differences in neighbourhood structure and design. This thesis uses a data set comprised of eight neighbourhoods - four of which are New Urbanist neighbourhoods and the other four are traditional suburban neighbourhoods. Using ordered probit regression modelling, the extent of socialization that stems from households’ demographic characteristics and the housing-level and neighbourhood-level physical design features is determined. The results indicate that socialization is more likely to be influenced by the amalgamated effect of neighbourhood type, rather than design features alone.

Fuzzy Ideal Supra Topological Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy ideals in fuzzy supra topological spaces. The concept of a fuzzy s-local function is also introduced here by utilizing the s-neighbourhood structure for a fuzzy supra topological space. These concepts are discussed with a view to nd new fuzzy supra topologies from the original one. The basic structure, especially a basis for such generated fuzzy supra topologies and several relations between different fuzzy ideals and fuzzy supra topologies are also studied here. Moreover, we introduce a fuzzy set operator ΨS and study its properties. Finally, we introduce some sets of fuzzy ideal supra topological spaces (fuzzy *-supra dense-in-itself sets, fuzzy S*-supra closed sets, fuzzy *-supra perfect sets, fuzzy regular-I-supra closed sets, fuzzy-I-supra open sets, fuzzy semi-I-supra open sets, fuzzy pre-I-supra open sets, fuzzy α-I-supra open sets, fuzzy β-I-supra open sets) and study some characteristics of theses sets and then we introduce some fuzzy ideal supra continuous functions.

Fuzzy Ideal Supra Topological Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy ideals in fuzzy supra topological spaces. The concept of a fuzzy s-local function is also introduced here by utilizing the s-neighbourhood structure for a fuzzy supra topological space. These concepts are discussed with a view to find new fuzzy supra topologies from the original one. The basic structure, especially a basis for such generated fuzzy supra topologies, and several relations between different fuzzy ideals and fuzzy supra topologies are also studied here. Moreover, we introduce a fuzzy set operator Ψ S and study its properties. Finally, we introduce some sets of fuzzy ideal supra topological spaces (fuzzy ∗ -supra dense-in-itself sets, fuzzy S ∗ -supra closedsets, fuzzy ∗ -supra perfect sets, fuzzy regular-I-supra closedsets, fuzzy-I-supra opensets, fuzzy semi-I-supra opensets, fuzzy pre-I-supra opensets, fuzzy α -I-supra opensets, and fuzzy β -I-supra opensets) and study some characteristics of these sets, and then, we introduce some fuzzy ideal supra continuous functions.

The role of prior lexical knowledge in children’s and adults’ word learning from stories

Children and adults benefit from a new word’s phonological neighbours during explicit vocabulary instruction, suggesting that related prior knowledge supports learning across development. This study examined lexical neighbourhood structure during incidental word learning—limiting opportunities for strategically engaging prior knowledge—and tested the hypothesis that prior knowledge would provide additional support during subsequent consolidation.

Separation Axioms Interval-Valued Fuzzy Soft Topology via Quasi-Neighbourhood Structure

In this study, we present the concept of interval-valued fuzzy soft point and then introduce the notions of neighborhood and quasi-neighbourhood of it in interval-valued fuzzy soft topological spaces. Separation axioms in interval-valued fuzzy soft topology, so-called $q$-$T_{i}$ for $ i=0,1,2,3,4 ,$ is introduced and some of its basic properties are also studied.

Parameterised Enumeration for Modification Problems

Recently, Creignou et al. (Theory Comput. Syst. 2017), introduced the class Delay FPT into parameterised complexity theory in order to capture the notion of efficiently solvable parameterised enumeration problems. In this paper, we propose a framework for parameterised ordered enumeration and will show how to obtain enumeration algorithms running with an FPT delay in the context of general modification problems. We study these problems considering two different orders of solutions, namely, lexicographic order and order by size. Furthermore, we present two generic algorithmic strategies. The first one is based on the well-known principle of self-reducibility and is used in the context of lexicographic order. The second one shows that the existence of a neighbourhood structure among the solutions implies the existence of an algorithm running with FPT delay which outputs all solutions ordered non-decreasingly by their size.