Performance of Broilers and Native Chickens Fed with Unfermented and Fermented Arenga Waste

The objectives of this research were to study the performances of broilers and native chicken given arenga waste (APAF) fermentation by Saccaromyces cerevisiae and arenga waste unfermentation (APA) in the ration. Sixty day-old chicks of broiler Arbor Acres strain and sixty native chicken were divided into four dietary treatments and three replications (10 birds/replicate). Design of this experiment was completely randomized design factorial 2x2, with factor A was feeding (A1 = arenga waste unfermentation, A2 = arenga waste fermentation), and factor B was chickens type (B1=native chicken, B2=broilers). The variables observed were: daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion. The results showed that the performances of the broiler given fed with unfermented and fermented arenga waste showing no significant differences between all treatments. The results showed that there is an interaction between feeding and chicken type was no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion from this research of using fermented and unfermented arenga waste until level of 2.5% in ration showed no significant differences in the performance.

Evaluation of Marshall Stability Design Principles: Applied to Cold In-Place Recycling

The objective of this paper is to document limitations and robustness issues with Marshall stability (MS) testing for cold in-place recycling (CIR) mix designs. This paper focuses efforts on MS because many departments of transportation are using this test for CIR design, and the data presented in this paper supports abandonment for any type of CIR mix design. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and indirect tensile strength data is used throughout the paper for benchmarking, as both tests are used in various capacities for in-place recycling designs. Portland cement and asphalt emulsion binders were assessed in this paper. In comparison with UCS design curves with cement, MS results for emulsion were not as rational and often did not respond to emulsion content changes in a logical manner. MS repeatability was poor for the materials evaluated in this paper. Replicate design curves ranged from all points below a design threshold (i.e., all emulsion dosage levels failed to meet the design criteria) to all points above a design threshold (i.e., all emulsion dosage levels successfully met the design criteria). The typical minimum MS criteria (5.56 kN) was exceeded without any emulsion for specimens oven conditioned for 2 h at 40°C. A notable limitation of the data presented in this paper was that retained MS (i.e., assessment of moisture conditioning effects) was not performed comprehensively throughout the work.

Wind Turbine Drivetrain Test Bench Capability to Replicate Design Loads: Part I — Evaluation Methodology

The utilization of a ground-based testing facility for full-size wind turbine drivetrains is growing. Several test benches have been developed to apply torque and non-torque loads. These mechanical loads can be the loads used to design the drivetrain components or loads obtained from field measurements. Irrespective of the reason for testing a drivetrain, the selected test bench should have the capability to impose the loads of interest. The design of these test benches and their capabilities vary, and the loads of interest vary between drivetrain designs. A systematic method to evaluate the capability of a test bench to impose the loads of interest has been developed. This method can be applied to any test bench and drivetrain design. Part I of this paper presents the methodology and recommendations for presenting and interpreting the results. The demonstration of the method is the focus of part II. Overall, this two-part paper aims to establish guidelines for consideration by the IEA task force 35 for ground based testing for wind turbines and their components.