METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF A.S. MAKARENKO’S PEDAGOGY AND HUMANISTIC GUIDELINES OF MODERN EDUCATION

The article deals with the methodological sources and humanistic guidelines of modern education. The philosophical bases of A.S. Makarenko’s pedagogy and pedagogical ideas of G.V. Mohnenko are presented. New approaches to eliminating bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism and drug addiction are shown in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize humanistic guidelines and dimensions, their meaning and prospects in modern education. In his colonies A.S. Makarenko organized a humanistic and democratic micro-society. One of his main pedagogical ideas was the education of the individual in the team and through the team. The young teacher tokk interest in philosophical works, literature, psychology, history and other sciences, in particular, the works by Bergson, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and others. The idea of pedagogical expediency was successfully implemented in the practice of A.S. Makarenko, and is closely intertwined with the concept of "common sense" by Henri Bergson. The article considers the following principles of Makarenko's pedagogy: parallel action, i.e. influence on the personality through the team, reliance on positive in the pupil’s personality, perspective lines in the development of the team, "tomorrow's joy" and others. Nowadays, new societal challenges have emerged that require new approaches to education in the context of the spread of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction. An important and interesting experience is the approaches of Gennady Viktorovich Mokhnenko, an innovative teacher, the founder and head of the largest children's rehabilitation center "Republic Pilgrim" and a network of rehabilitation centers for adults.

Critically Examining the Person–Environment Relationship and Implications of Intersectionality for Participation in Children's Rehabilitation Services

Participation of children in rehabilitation services is associated with positive functional and developmental outcomes for children with disabilities. Participation in therapy is at risk when the personal and environmental contexts of a child create barriers to accessing services. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework for conceptualizing the personal and environmental factors linked to a child. However, it does not facilitate critical examination of the person–environment relationship and its impact on participation in children's rehabilitation. This perspective study proposes the use of intersectionality theory as a critical framework in complement with the ICF to examine the impact of systemic inequities on the participation in therapy for children with disabilities. Clinicians are called to be critical allies working alongside children and families to advocate for inclusive participation in children's rehabilitation by identifying and transforming systemic inequities in service delivery.

Reconceptualizing the Family to Improve Inclusion in Childhood Disability Research and Practice

The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health recognizes that environmental factors impact well-being and life participation for children with disabilities. A primary environment in which children grow and learn is the family. The importance of family has long been recognized in family-centered practice and family-centered research. Although family-centered services and research have been critically explored, the concept of family has received less critical attention in rehabilitation literature. The family construct is due for an updated conceptualization with careful consideration of the implications for childhood disability rehabilitation practice and research. Interrogating the family construct asks questions such as: who is included as a part of the family? Which family structures are prioritized and valued? What is the potential harm when some families are ignored or underrepresented in childhood disability practice and research? What implications could a modern rethinking of the concept of family have on the future of childhood rehabilitation practice and research? This perspective article raises these critical questions from the authors' perspectives as parents of children with disabilities, child focused rehabilitation professionals, and researchers that focus on service delivery in children's rehabilitation and family engagement in research. A critical reflection is presented, focused on how the construct of family affects children's rehabilitation practice and research, integrating concepts of equity, inclusion and human rights. Practical suggestions for children's rehabilitation service providers and researchers are provided to aid in inclusive practices, critical reflection, and advocacy.

Say What You Are Looking At: An Attention-Based Interactive System for Autistic Children

Gaze-following is an effective way for intention understanding in human–robot interaction, which aims to follow the gaze of humans to estimate what object is being observed. Most of the existing methods require people and objects to appear in the same image. Due to the limitation in the view of the camera, these methods are not applicable in practice. To address this problem, we propose a method of gaze following that utilizes a geometric map for better estimation. With the help of the map, this method is competitive for cross-frame estimation. On the basis of this method, we propose a novel gaze-based image caption system, which has been studied for the first time. Our experiments demonstrate that the system follows the gaze and describes objects accurately. We believe that this system is competent for autistic children’s rehabilitation training, pension service robots, and other applications.

Exploring The New Rehabilitation Model of Hearing Impaired Children from the Perspective of Family

The primary aim of the study was to obtain the views of parents on the role of family efficacy in children's rehabilitation stage through investigation. The secondary objective was to evaluate the important role of family factors in the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children. The third objective was to explore the willingness of parents to accept online courses, parents' Union and personalized family therapy.This study included 480 parents of hearing-impaired children. The questionnaire was distributed and collected in December 2020. And the parents of hearing-impaired children in the stage of postoperative rehabilitation were selected as the research objects.Although the rehabilitation process of hearing-impaired children is affected by many factors, family factors play a dominant role. In the rehabilitation process of hearing-impaired children, parents need to spend a lot of money, time and energy. At the same time, for the effect of rehabilitation, most parents tend to ignore the mental health rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children, only pay attention to the rehabilitation of speech clarity, hearing ability, communication ability of children. Moreover, parents generally believe that the function of the family is mainly responsible for the children's daily life, and only a few families are responsible for the language rehabilitation and mental health of hearing-impaired children. Therefore, parents' understanding of family efficacy is not comprehensive enough. And through the survey, we can see that from the perspective of parents, parents' lack of professional knowledge, lack of self-confidence and time factors will affect children's rehabilitation process. For the measures we proposed, such as online courses, parents' Union, personalized family therapy mode, parents of hearing-impaired children generally have a high acceptance. It can be seen that these measures can promote family efficacy and improve the rehabilitation effect of hearing-impaired children to a certain extent.The rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children needs to extend from schools and rehabilitation institutions to families to form a more unified and comprehensive rehabilitation system,especially on children's psychological rehabilitation. The corresponding models and Countermeasures of hearing-impaired children's family participation in China are extremely insufficient.Based on this, this study puts forward hypothetical Countermeasures in the form of questionnaire, investigates the recognition of parents, explores the innovation of family participation mode of hearing-impaired children, and puts forward accurate countermeasures.

COOPERATION OF BOADINGT SCHOOLS WITH CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS OF TRANSCARPATHIA OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

The activities of boarding schools in Transcarpathia in the first half of the XX-th century were organized and carried out with the direct participation of the state, but the active support of such institutions was carried out by various charitable organizations. The purpose of the article is to study the areas of cooperation of boarding schools in Transcarpathia in the first half of the XX-th century with charitable organizations. Methods applied: search and bibliographic method exists for the study of archival and library catalogs, collections and descriptions; content analysis of archival materials in order to identify the retro features of the organization and the content of cooperation of boarding schools of Transcarpathia with charitable organizations; interpretation and generalization − in order to update and identify ways to implement constructive historical experience in the modern practice of institutional care, formulation of conclusions, recommendations. The formation and development of boarding schools in Transcarpathia in the first half of the twentieth century depended primarily on the educational and social policy of the states to which the Transcarpathian lands belonged. Also, the activities of boarding schools of the first half of the XX-th century were accompanied by the active support of charitable public organizations that operated during the stay of the Transcarpathian lands as part of both Austria-Hungary and Czechoslovakia, including: League for the Protection of Children (creation of boarding schools at craft schools; holding charity events; supporting families in difficult life circumstances; organization of children's rehabilitation campaigns); the union «Shkolskaia pomoch» /»School help»/ (cooperation in the field of education of pupils of boarding schools, actively carries out student actions); union «Nadiya»/»Hope»/ (guardianship of war veterans' children); union of church teachers (guardianship of orphans of parish and state teachers, assistance in teaching in pedagogical education institutions); union «Patronage» (care for single mothers); counseling center «To our children»(care for the health of vulnerable children); Masaryk League against tuberculosis (children's recovery). Coordination of the actions of this unions, charitable foundations, public organizations was established on April 31, 1923 in the town Mukachevo. This work was carried out by the regional branch of the State Committee for Youth Guardianship, which was opened in the town Mukachevo in 1923.