METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF A.S. MAKARENKO’S PEDAGOGY AND HUMANISTIC GUIDELINES OF MODERN EDUCATION

The article deals with the methodological sources and humanistic guidelines of modern education. The philosophical bases of A.S. Makarenko’s pedagogy and pedagogical ideas of G.V. Mohnenko are presented. New approaches to eliminating bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism and drug addiction are shown in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize humanistic guidelines and dimensions, their meaning and prospects in modern education. In his colonies A.S. Makarenko organized a humanistic and democratic micro-society. One of his main pedagogical ideas was the education of the individual in the team and through the team. The young teacher tokk interest in philosophical works, literature, psychology, history and other sciences, in particular, the works by Bergson, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and others. The idea of pedagogical expediency was successfully implemented in the practice of A.S. Makarenko, and is closely intertwined with the concept of "common sense" by Henri Bergson. The article considers the following principles of Makarenko's pedagogy: parallel action, i.e. influence on the personality through the team, reliance on positive in the pupil’s personality, perspective lines in the development of the team, "tomorrow's joy" and others. Nowadays, new societal challenges have emerged that require new approaches to education in the context of the spread of alcoholism, smoking and drug addiction. An important and interesting experience is the approaches of Gennady Viktorovich Mokhnenko, an innovative teacher, the founder and head of the largest children's rehabilitation center "Republic Pilgrim" and a network of rehabilitation centers for adults.

METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF YOUNG SPECIALISTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Исследован опыт зарубежных стран в части организации методического сопровождения молодых специалистов образовательной сферы. На основании аналитического обзора наработок современных отечественных и зарубежных исследователей определено, что система методического сопровождения является структурным элементом повышения квалификации начинающих свою профессиональную деятельность учителей и должна учитывать новейшие тенденции развития образования, основываться на исследованиях новых педагогических функций, которые возникают в условиях информатизации образования. Внедрение новой концепции в образовательный процесс влечет за собой ряд инновационных преобразований в содержании образования, в переосмыслении новых понятий, категорий, ценностей мышления, изменения ролевых позиций педагога: преподавателя, учителя, воспитателя. Современный учитель – это специалист, который осуществляет педагогическую деятельность с учетом требований времени, постоянно совершенствуя свою профессиональную компетентность. Его педагогическая деятельность – это интеллектуальная, творческая деятельность, направленная на обучение, воспитание и развитие личности. Каждый молодой педагог должен быть профессионалом своей деятельности, поскольку продуктом этой деятельности должен стать конкурентоспособный выпускник образовательного учреждения, наделенный ключевыми компетенциями. Именно поэтому молодые педагоги посредством эффективной системы методического сопровождения должны овладеть рядом компетенций, продуцируемых опытом профессионалов с большим стажем практического применения знаний и навыков, для обеспечения эффективной образовательной деятельности. The article is devoted to the study of the experience of foreign countries in terms of organizing methodological support for young specialists in the educational sphere. Authors determined that the system of methodological support is a structural element of advanced training for teachers who begin their professional education and should take into account modern trends in the development of education, based on research on new pedagogical functions that arise in the context of informatization of education. The introduction of a new concept into the educational process entails a number of innovative transformations in the content of education, in rethinking new concepts, categories, values of thinking, changes in the role positions: mentor, teacher, tutor. A modern teacher is a specialist who carries out pedagogical activity taking into accounts the requirements of the time, constantly improving his professional competence, and his pedagogical activity is intellectual, creative activity aimed at teaching, upbringing and personal development. Every young teacher should be a professional in his activity, since the product of this activity should be a competitive graduate of an educational institution, endowed with key competencies. That is why young teachers, through an effective system of methodological support, must master a number of competencies produced by the experience of professionals with extensive experience in the practical application of knowledge and skills to ensure effective educational activities.

Modern european professional experience of the translator of romano-germanic languages

The purpose of the research is to describe and analyse the advantages of the author’s training and methodological complex to the discipline “Translation models of Romano-Germanic languages”, which is designed to support linguistic self-educational activities of young professionals, translators. The training complex is an open multifunctional system of learning and exchanging experience, which contains didactic, methodological, informational and reference materials. Translation strategies consider general pedagogical, ergonomic and specific principles of work. The range of methods (theoretical, empirical, statistical) aims to achieve the purpose of the research and systematize the results. Empirical methods of testing, observation, as well as a pedagogical experiment conducted with students were used to test the effectiveness of the project. The statistical method was used to evaluate the results of the experiment. The result of the project is to provide conditions for gaining translation experience in terms of individual study. In the modern context, the adaptive algorithm for constructing an own individual trajectory of self-education of a young teacher in a harmonious combination of his individuality and educational needs is actualized.

Employee motivation and job performance: a study of basic school teachers in Ghana

Motivation as a meaningful construct is a desire to satisfy a certain want and is a central pillar at the workplace. Thus, motivating employees adequately is a challenge as it has what it takes to define employee satisfaction at the workplace. In this study, we examine the relationship between job motivation factors and performance among teachers of basic schools in Ghana. The study employs a quantitative approach on a sample of 254 teachers from a population of 678 in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana, of which 159 questionnaires were duly answered and returned (representing 62.6% return rate). Using multiple regression and ANOVA, the study finds compensation package, job design and environment and performance management system as significant factors in determining teacher’s motivation in the municipality. Thus, these motivation factors were significant predictors on performance when regressed at a decomposed and aggregated levels. These findings support the self-determination theory, more specifically on the explanations advanced under the controlled and autonomous motivation factors. Significant differences were also observed in teachers’ performance among one of the age cohorts. The study urges the municipal directorate of education to make more room for young teacher trainees and interns who are at the formative stage of their careers to be engaged to augment the experienced staff strength. More should be done to make the profession attain some level of autonomy in the discharge of duty to breed the next genre of innovative educators in the municipality.

The work with young teachers of V. Sukhomlynskyi's pedagogical heritage in today's perspective

The article reveals the current and pending issue of a young teacher professional formation. The thorough analysis of scientific literature source enabled the possibility to specify the term «young teacher» as there is no single and unified approach among the researchers towards its definition. Having summarized different scientific viewpoints it has been suggested to distinguish such fundamental criteria for the term defined as professional training and professional activity. The very first steps of the young teacher who only starts his/her professional activity will provide for his/her professional skills formation and development in future. It has been proved that the scientific results achieved and formulated by the prominent pedagogue V. Sukhomlynskyi have a lot of things in common with the pedagogical experience of today and have not lost their importance and significance for modern teaching/learning process. The experience of teachers’ professional skills and mastery formation and development generated in Pavlyska secondary school is widely implemented into practice of methodological activity in many secondary educational establishments nowadays. Except the traditional and efficient methodological activities and types of events used in Pavlyska secondary school, there were teachers’ councils, methodological unions, psychological and pedagogical seminars, young teachers schools, lesson and pedagogical events attendance and analysis. It has been stated in the article that according to the results of the written and oral opinion polls we had conducted the conclusion may be made that the great part of young teachers does not feel confident as for their mastery of modern educational and innovative didactic techniques and methods. Though, on the other hand, they showed the quite advanced level of technical means mastery and skills that are applied in the system of blended learning. The research revealed that the more active is the support of school management and more experienced teachers more successful is the way of young teachers’ professional development. The following conditions have also been defined as quite useful: young specialists-friendly atmosphere, appropriate methodological work organization. Such conditions are believed to be helpful for teachers who only start their professional career and motivate them to improve their skills and abilities, to promote their creative potential.

EXPENDITURE OF APPLYING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SELF-MANAGEMENT IN THE PRACTICAL ACTIVITY OF A YOUNG TEACHER

This article reveals the role of self-management in the professional activity of a young teacher, which really appears as a set of managerial influences aimed at himself as an active subject in order to bring his personality to the appropriate state necessary for successful implementation of their activities. It is established that the main goal of self-management is the maximum use of one's own capabilities, conscious self-management throughout life (self-determination) and overcoming external circumstances both at work and in one's own life. It is noted that instead of changing the circumstances, which we are not able to change anyway, we need to change our attitude to them. Therefore, a number of practical recommendations are given for those who want to improve their direct performance of professional functions. It is determined that the process of self-management in terms of the sequence of specific functions covers six phases, which are in a certain interdependence and, as a rule, are carried out in a certain sequence. It is substantiated that self-management in the form of various acts of self-research (self-observation, self-concentration, self-report, self-analysis, self-assessment) is a process of purposeful obtaining by the teacher of information on development of qualities necessary for his effective entering the pedagogical profession. It is established that the need to use management, including self-management, in pedagogy is due to the fact that the entire management system is considered at the level of creating such organizational and psychological and pedagogical conditions that allow for effective development of the educational institution. However, the use of the basics of management was important not only at the level of functioning of the educational institution, but also during the professional activity of the teacher. And so it is emphasized that even a well-structured and well-prepared modern lesson will not be successful if the teacher does not have the skills to manage the class. Thus, it is noted that the essence of pedagogical activity as a specific form of social management is the use of self-management, which is objectively inherent in each of the participants in the educational process as a sphere of their joint work.

PRIMARY DIAGNOSTICS OF TEACHERS OF SPECIAL DISCIPLINES OF TECHNICAL COLLEGE

The article raises the issue of readiness for teaching in the Ukrainian Technical College of specialists who do not have pedagogical education. It is determined that the motivating factor is an important factor influencing the work of a young teacher, the formation and development of future professionals, and the problem of determining the readiness of a specialist with engineering education to teach, his motivation for a new activity, ability to acquire knowledge and skills is extremely relevant and needs attention from the head of scientific and methodological work. It is proposed to introduce the primary scientific and diagnostic development of the mechanism of differentiated psychological and pedagogical influence on teachers of special disciplines of the technical college, which will determine the types of teachers, taking into account the level of their motivation for teaching. The algorithm of application of methods, including author’s, is considered, methodical recommendations concerning their application, calculation, use of results of research are given. It is concluded that the application of primary scientific and diagnostic development of the mechanism of differentiated psychological and pedagogical influence in the technical college will help to adjust group and individual scientific and methodical work with beginning teachers and teaching staff as a whole, to plan further stages of development of psychological and pedagogical competence.

Teacher's Specialized Content Knowledge on the Concept of Square: A Vignette Approach

In learning geometry, the discussion about the definition of quadrilateral is a material that is difficult and not easily taught by the teacher. This study aims to explore the teacher's specialized content knowledge about square. This is a descriptive-qualitative research. The process of selecting subjects begins with searching prospective subject data according to the level of the teacher through a portfolio of 82 teachers in South East of Sulawesi: (33 First Teachers, 33 Young Teachers, and 16 Intermediate Teachers). The research subjects consisted of three teachers, namely: First Teacher, Young Teacher dan Intermediate Teacher with score > 50. Data were taken using vignette. The results show that there is a difference when the teacher is asked to define a square with when given a definition of a square. First Teacher is accurate when given a square definition with the symmetry and diagonal axis attributes; the side attribute is not accurate in giving arguments to the square definition. Young Teacher is inaccurate when given the definition of a square with side and angle attributes; accurate with symmetry and diagonal axis attributes; but it is not accurate when given a square definition. Regarding attributes of side; Intermediate Teacher revealed that the side and angle attributes are inaccurate but accurate with the symmetry and diagonal axis attributes but do not appear / are not used when asked to define a square. Specialized content knowledge First Teacher is better because it has been able to reconstruct concepts from a square, but Young Teacher and Intermediate Teacher are still influenced by concept images and figural concepts.