Oxidized humic acids from the soil of heat power plant

Humic acids isolated from the soil of heat power plant (HA-E) contaminated with oil were analyzed by the Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FTIR). In comparison with humic acids standard (HA-S) luck of intense broad band of stretching vibrations of hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups (3600-3200 cm-1) is evident. HA-E have a pick at 1649 cm-1 which could belong to carbonyl groups. HA-E are heavily oxidized and among isolated microorganisms Achromobacter denitrificans may be responsible for such intensive oxidation of HA-E. To phylogenetically diverse nitrate-reducing microorganisms that have the capacity to utilize reduced HA as electron donors in soils, we can ad A. denitrificans.

A Strains Activity of CuO Nanoparticles using Copper Chloride Dihydrate by Sol-Gel Method

Copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticles synthesized by different molarities like 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 M at calcinations temperature 450 ºC. The XRD results analyzed the prominent peaks corresponding to the monocrystalline nature of CuO nanoparticles and the average crystalline size of CuO nanoparticles size is decreased with increase of molarities. From SEM image of CuO nanoparticles, the particles are well scattered, which are well connected and consistent with the crystal system. The absorption spectra shows the blue shift which can be attributed to the small size of CuO nanostructures. The FTIR spectra confirmed high intense broad band peaks at 496.96 cm-1 and assigned to characteristics band of monoclinic phase CuO nanoparticles were synthesized and calcined at 450 ºC, and the particle size of the nanoparticles was found to be in the range of 19-23 nm. These sizes of integrated CuO nanoparticles is a cost-efficient, biological molecule capable of working with antibiotics against Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.

Near UV-Blue Excitable Green-Emitting Nanocrystalline Oxide

Green-emitting Eu-activated powders were produced by a two-stage method consisting of pressure-assisted combustion synthesis and postannealing in ammonia. The as-synthesized powders exhibited a red photoluminescence (PL) peak located at nm when excited with nm UV. This emission peak corresponds to the5D0→7F2transition in Eu3+. After annealing in ammonia, the PL emission changed to an intense broad-band peak centered at nm, most likely produced by 4f65d1→4f7electronic transitions in Eu2+. This green-emitting phosphor has excitation band in the near UV-blue region (–450 nm). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals mainly the orthorhombic EuAlO3and Al2O3phases. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the grains are formed by faceted nanocrystals (~4 nm) of polygonal shape. The excellent excitation and emission properties make these powders very promising to be used as phosphors in UV solid-state diodes coupled to activate white-emitting lamps.

Controlled growth of highly aligned amorphous SiOx sunflower-like morphology

Highly aligned nanowire bundles were controllably fabricated through the reaction of Si with oxygen, using molten Ga and Au as catalysts. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the bundles have the ability to self-assemble into various morphologies, a few of which, including one that strikingly resembles a sunflower, were not reported before. Examinations of the bundles by transmission electron microscopy show that they contain fine, amorphous SiOx nanowires, with x ranging from 1.2 to 1.5. In the sunflower-like morphology, highly packed bundles form the disc florets and loosely packed bundles around the rim of the disc form the ray florets. We have studied the conditions under which the sunflower-like morphology could be obtained and suggest a possible mechanism for its growth. Room-temperature cathodoluminescence spectra of the nanowire bundles show that they emit an intense broad-band light covering the entire visible range.

Spectroscopic studies of the reaction between bovine serum amine oxidase (copper-containing) and some hydrazides and hydrazines

The carbonyl cofactor of bovine serum amine oxidase, recently identified as pyrroloquinoline quinone [Ameyama, Hayashi, Matsushita, Shinagawa & Adachi (1984) Agric. Biol. Chem. 48, 561-565; Lobenstein-Verbeek, Jongejan, Frank & Duine (1984) FEBS Lett. 170, 305-309], reacts stoichiometrically and irreversibly with hydrazides of phenylacetic acid and of benzoic acid. With the phenylacetic hydrazides a reversible intermediate step was detected by competition with substrate, carbonylic reagents or phenylhydrazine, a typical inhibitor of the enzyme. All hydrazides form an intense broad band with maximum absorbance in a narrow wavelength range (350-360 nm), irrespective of the acyl group, suggesting that the transition is located on the organic cofactor. A different situation is found with some phenylhydrazines, where extended conjugation can occur between the cofactor and the phenyl pi-electron system via the azo group, as shown by the lower energy and higher intensity of the transition. In this case the transition is sensitive to substituents in the phenyl ring. The c.d. spectrum of the adducts is influenced by the type of hydrazide (derived from phenylacetic acid or benzoic acid), by pH and by NN-diethyldithiocarbamate binding to copper, probably as a result of shifts of equilibria between hydrazone-azo tautomers.

A New, Inexpensive, Nitrogen-Pumped Dye Laser with Subnanosecond Pulses

A simple, inexpensive design for the generation of subnanosecond pulses from an N2-pumped dye laser is given. The critical alignment necessary for most dye lasers is minimized because the dye laser is entirely self-contained. The dye laser, operating at 18 Hz, produced intense broad band emission pulses of ∼0.2–0.4 ns in the visible region.