Phenotypic and Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & JW Grimes) from Solomon Provenance on Progeny Trial in Cirangsad Experimental Forest, West Java

Initial evaluation of phenotypic variability and genetic diversity was conducted on the progeny test of 2 years-old sengon from Solomon provenance, which derived from nine families of mother tree and were then planted in 4 blocks in the Cirangsad Experimental Forest. Phenotypic assessment on eight traits was conducted on 36 trees using a scoring system, while genetic diversity of 15 selected individuals which represented high and low-score phenotypic traits was analyzed using 5 selected RAPD primers. The result on phenotypic assessment showed that family 3 (57.25 points) has the highest average score of phenotypic quality and family 4 has the lowest average score (7.50 points). Furthermore, genetic analysis showed that the low-scoring sengon population had a greater mean genetic diversity (He = 0.2535) than the high-score population (He = 0.2345). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a significant genetic differences (p-value < 0.001) among high and low-score populations and the dendrogram of genetic distance revealed clustering of individuals having similar superior phenotypic against those having non-superior, indicating the selection based on phenotypes in this study had succeeded in pooling the good quantitative alleles in the selected population. This evaluation results can be used as a reference in determining the best families to produce superior sengon (from Solomon provenance) offspring in the future that have desired adaptability, productivity, and diversity.

AFLP Markers for Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region – Iraq

In this work, 15 pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars collected throughout Duhok Province in Kurdistan-Iraq were characterized using ten AFLP primer combinations. A high degree of genetic diversity was found among tested cultivars. The total scored number of amplified fragments was 435 of which 374 were polymorphic. The rate of polymorphism varied ranging 40 to 100% with an average percentage of 86.64. The UPGMA clustering analysis based on these data revealed three main groups and that cultivars were not grouped by their geographical distribution. All calculated genetic parameters including PIC, RP, EMR and MI mean results were 0.2974, 45.66, 22.79 and 6.872 respectively, further revealed that pomegranate varieties/cultivars in this region have a rich genetic diversity. The findings showed that a molecular characterization was necessary in order to have a reliable result to evaluate and determine relationships between pomegranate genotypes.

EVALUASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK PLASMA NUTFAH KELAPA GENJAH DI KEBUN PERCOBAAN MAPANGET BERDASARKAN PENANDA DNA SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats)

ABSTRAK<br />Keragaman genetik sangat penting dalam program pemuliaan<br />kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik<br />plasma nutfah kelapa Genjah yang ditanam secara ex situ di kebun koleksi<br />Mapanget, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain, Manado.<br />Delapan aksesi kelapa Genjah dianalisis keragamannya berdasarkan<br />penanda DNA SSRs menggunakan 3 primer atau lokus. Hasil analisis<br />menunjukkan bahwa 3 primer SSRs yang digunakan semuanya polimorfik<br />dan menghasilkan 4 - 5 alel per lokus. Kelapa Genjah Salak (GSK)<br />menunjukkan heterozigous pada ke tiga lokus, sedangkan Genjah Hijau<br />Jombang (GHJ) pada lokus CNZ 51. Dua pohon sampel dari masing-<br />masing aksesi yang dianalisis memiliki kemiripan genetik sebesar 100%<br />kecuali aksesi (GHJ) yang hanya memiliki kemiripan 93 %. Aksesi GSK<br />yang sangat berbeda dengan aksesi lainnya dengan kemiripan hanya 45%.<br />Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aksesi kelapa GSK dan GHJ memiliki<br />beberapa karakter yang berbeda dan spesifik dibandingkan dengan aksesi<br />lainnya, sehingga diperlukan seleksi yang ketat sebelum digunakan<br />sebagai materi pemuliaan<br />Kata kunci : Kelapa,Cocos nucifera L.,plasma nutfah, keragaman genetik,<br />kelapa Genjah, penanda DNA SSRs, Sulawesi Utara<br />ABSTRACT<br />Genetic diversity evaluation of dwarf coconut germplasm<br />at Mapanget Experimental Garden based on SSRs<br />(Simple Sequence Repeats) marker<br />Genetic diversity is very important in coconut breeding program.<br />The aim of this research was to study genetic diversity of Dwarf Coconut<br />that have been planted on Mapanget Experimental Garden, Indonesian<br />Coconut and Palmae Research Institute Manado. Eight Dwarf accessions<br />were analyzed their to find out genetic diversity based on SSRs marker<br />using three primers or locus. The results showed that three primers SSRs<br />were polymophic and gave 4 -5 allels per locus. Salak Green Dwarf (SGD)<br />showed heterozygous in three loci, while Jombang Green Dwarf (JGD) in<br />locus CNZ 51. Two sample plants of each accession had genetic similarity<br />100% except JGD only had similarity of 93%. SGD was different with<br />other accessions and only had genetic similarity of 45%. SGD and JGD<br />had several and specific characters that were different compared to the<br />other accessions and have to be selected before they are used as breeding<br />materials.<br />Key words : Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., germplasm, genetic diversity<br />dwarf coconut, marker SSRs

El acceso a la función pública docente en Educación Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria

The research presented below aims to describe and analyse the teaching strategies and supports obtained by teachers in the province of Gipuzkoa who sit competitive examinations to access the teaching civil service in Infant, Primary and Secondary Education. This study opted for a sequential explanatory design with 469 candidates. Teachers who have passed the official examinations placed special emphasis on the first test (theoretical part and practical exercise), took into account the criteria of evaluation of the examinations and prioritised issues such as attention to diversity, evaluation, the competence of learning to learn, self-regulation of learning and the design of teaching units. In addition, they received valuable help from relatives, people linked to teaching with whom they have a close relationship, and work colleagues.