Tools for Edible Cities: A Review of Tools for Planning and Assessing Edible Nature-Based Solutions

In the last five years, European research and innovation programmes have prioritised the development of online catalogues and tools (handbooks, models, etc.) to facilitate the implementation and monitoring of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). However, only a few catalogues and toolkits within European programmes are directly related to mainstreaming of NBS for food production (i.e., edible NBS). Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to present existing NBS tools through the eyes of productive urban landscapes. We reviewed 32 projects related to NBS and 50 tools were identified and characterised. Then, the six tools already available and provided indicators were further analysed in terms of their format and knowledge domains. Our main conclusion demonstrates that there is a lack of tools capable of supporting users for planning and implementing edible NBS; calculating the food potential of a city and/or of individual edible NBS, including the needed resources for implementation and operation (water, nutrients, energy); and assessing their urban design value, environmental and socio-economic impacts. Moreover, when they do exist, there is a resistance to share the models and equations behind the tools to allow other projects to reuse or validate them, a fact which is contrary to the open science principles upheld by many public research agencies.

A GIS-Based Simulation Method for Regional Food Potential and Demand

A quantitative assessment of food-water-energy interactions is important to assess pathways and scenarios towards a holistically sustainable regional development. While a range of tools and methods exist that assess energetic demands and potentials on a regional scale, the same is not true for assessments of regional food demand and potential. This work introduces a new food simulation workflow to address local food potential and demand at the regional level, by extending an existing regional energy-water simulation platform. The goal of this work is to develop a GIS-based bottom-up approach to simulate regional food demand that can be linked to similarly GIS-based workflows assessing regional water demands and energetic demands and potentials. This allows us to study food-water-energy issues on a local scale. For this, a CityGML land use data model is extended with a feed and animal potential raster map as well as a soil type map to serve as the main inputs. The workflow simulates: (1) the vegetal and animal product food potentials by taking climate, crop type, soil type, organic farming, and food waste parameters into account; (2) the food demand of vegetal and animal products influenced by population change, body weight, age, human development index, and other indicators. The method is tested and validated in three German counties with various land use coverages. The results show that restricting land used exclusively for energy crop production is the most effective way to increase annual food production potential. Climate change by 2050 is expected to result in annual biomass yield changes between −4% and 2% depending on the region. The amount of animal product consumption is expected to rise by 16% by 2050, while 4% fewer vegetal products are excepted to be consumed.

ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN KAZAKHSTAN: THEORY, METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICE OF AGRIBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

The article presents the theoretical foundations and summarizes scientific and methodological provisions on the problems of food security, market development, competi-tion, formation of competitiveness of products, production, and producers in market conditions of management, taking into account domestic and foreign experience. The structure of the country's food potential and elements of increasing its competitiveness are described. The article notes the importance of developing and strengthening the country's agro-industrial complex as the basis for its food supply. The problem of food security in the modern world is primarily related to the prob-lem of hunger and malnutrition of the population, the protection of state interests, including en-suring and maintaining socio-economic stability in the country, and meeting the vital need for food. The article describes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of agriculture.

Tools for Edible Cities: A Review of Tools for Planning and Assessing Edible Nature-Based Solutions

In the last five years, European research and innovation programmes have prioritised the development of online catalogues and tools (handbooks, models, etc.) to facilitate the implementation and monitoring of Nature Based Solutions (NBS). However, only a few catalogues and toolkits within European programmes are directly related to mainstreaming of NBS for food production (i.e., edible NBS). Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to present existing NBS tools through the eyes of productive urban landscapes. We reviewed 32 projects related to NBS and 50 tools were identified and characterised. Then, the 6 tools already available, and providing indicators, were further analysed in terms of their format and knowledge domains. Our main conclusion demonstrates that there is a lack of tools capable of supporting users for planning and implementing edible NBS, calculating the food potential of the city and/or of individual edible NBS, including the needed resources for implementation and operation (water, nutrients, energy), and assessing their urban design value, environmental and socio-economic impacts. And when they do exist, there is a resistance to share the models and equations behind the tools to allow other projects to reuse or validate them, fact which is contrary to Open Science principles stood up by many research public agencies.

Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Potensi Sumber Pangan (Studi Pada Kelompok Wanita Tani di Kota Bandar Lampung)

Food shortages is an issue that has imposes the community because it has to get food needs at a high price. To overcome the food shortages, every country needs to do the development potential food security to ensure the availability of sufficient, nutritious, and balanced food potential. The fulfillment of food can be done by utilizing the potential of existing land through the Sustainable Food House Area Program (KRPL). This study attempted to know groups of women farmers’ empowerment success through the Sustainable Food House Area Program and to know the supporting factors and inhibitory factors in the implementation of the Sustainable Food House Area Program.

INKUBATOR BISNIS : STRATEGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS UKM BERBASIS MAKANAN DI KABUPATEN GORONTALO

The purpose of this study was to analyze the capacity building of food-based SMEs through the incubator business model. The research method used is a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through interviews, discussions and literature reviews. Furthermore, the collected data will be analyzed with the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of developing an incubator business model for food-based SMEs in Gorontalo District. From this research it can be found that Gorontalo District has enormous food potential which should be accompanied by development of the downstream sector through food-based SMEs. The incubator business model with the Out Wall concept is an effective model that can be used to increase the capacity of food-based SMEs in Gorontalo District. Through this model, SMEs will receive incubation services at their respective locations which include 7S (space, shared office facilities, services, support, skills decelopment, seed capital and synergy). This incubation model is designed so that food-based SMEs will be able to map their potential and develop businesses which in turn will have a positive impact on regional economic development. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji mengenai peningkatan kapasitas UKM berbasis makanan melalui pengembangan model inkubator bisnis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, diskusi dan kajian pustaka. Selanjutnya, data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis dengan menelusuri keunggulan, kelemahan, peluang dan tantangan pengembangan model inkubator bisnis untuk UKM berbasis makanan di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Dari penelitian ini dapat diperoleh bahwa Kabupaten Gorontalo memiliki potensi pangan yang sangat besar yang sepatutnya diiringi dengan pengembangan sektor hilir melalui UKM berbasis makanan. Model inkubator bisnis dengan konsep Out Wall merupakan salah satu model efektif yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas UKM berbasis bahan pangan di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Melalui model ini, UKM akan memperoleh layanan inkubasi di lokasinya masing-masing yang mencakup 7 S (space, shared office facilities, service, support, skill decelopment, seed capital dan sinergy). Model inkubasi ini dirancang agar UKM berbasis makanan akan mampu memetakan potensi dan mengembangkan bisnis yang selanjutnya akan berdampak positif bagi pengembangan ekonomi daerah.