First Worldwide Slim Coiled-Tubing Logging Tractor Deployment

Summary Successful reservoir surveillance and production monitoring is a key component for effectively managing any field production strategy. For production logging in openhole horizontal extended reach wells (ERWs), the challenges are formidable and extensive; logging these extreme lengths in a cased hole would be difficult enough but is considerably exaggerated in the openhole condition. A coiled-tubing (CT) logging run in open hole must also contend with increased frictional forces, high dogleg severity, a quicker onset of helical buckling, and early lockup. The challenge of effectively logging these ERWs is further complicated by constraints in the completion where electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are installed, including a 2.4-in. bypass section. Although hydraulically powered CT tractors already existed, a slim CT tractor with real-time logging capabilities was not available in the market. In partnership with a specialist CT tractor manufacturer, a slim logging CT tractor was designed and built to meet the exceptional demands of pulling the CT to target depth (TD). The tractor is 100% hydraulically powered, with no electrical power, allowing for uninterrupted logging during tractoring. The tractor is powered by the differential pressure from the bore of the CT to the wellbore and is operated by a preset pump rate from surface. Developed to improve the low coverage in openhole ERW logging jobs, the tractor underwent extensive factory testing before being deployed to the field. The tractor was rigged up on location with the production logging tool and run in hole (RIH). Once the CT locked up, the tractor was activated and pulled the coil to cover more than 90% of the openhole section, delivering a pulling force of up to 3,200 lbf. Real-time production logging was conducted simultaneously with the tractor activation; flowing and shut-in passes were completed to successfully capture the zonal inflow profile. Real-time logging with the tractor is logistically efficient and allows instantaneous decision making to repeat passes for improved data quality. The new slim logging tractor (SLT) is the world’s slimmest and most compact and is the first CT tractor of its kind to enable production logging operations in openhole horizontal ERWs. The importance of the ability to successfully log these ERWs cannot be overstated; reservoir simulations and management decisions are only as good as the quality of data available. Some of the advantages of drilling ERWs, such as increased reservoir contact, reduced footprint, and fewer wells drilled, will be lost if sufficient reservoir surveillance cannot be achieved. To maximize the benefits of ERWs, creative solutions and innovative designs must be developed continually to push the boundaries further.

Virtual-Physical Tests of Vehicles with Combined Traction Electrical Drive

The Ph. D. Thesis is devoted to the development of a methodology for virtual-physical testing of traction electrical equipment, taking into account the individual design parameters of power equipment. Evaluating the topicality of the dissertation topic, the normative base of traction electrical equipment testing methods has been studied in detail. The dissertation gives a description of mathematical modelling of electrical equipment operation as well as describes the identification of electrical equipment parameters. The developed methodology ultimately allows to determine the functional compliance of traction power equipment to critical conditions that would be possible during operational testing and operation during the electrical equipment design and factory testing stages. The work includes theoretical calculations, computer modelling tasks, and the results of practical experiments.

SYSTEM OF STANDARDIZATION AND METROLOGICAL SUPPORT OF SPEED DEFECTIVE MEANS OF RAILS IN THEIR PRODUCTION AND OPERATION

The importance of standardization and metrological support for high-speed rail flaw detection is noted. JSC “Firm TVEMA” has created a service for quality, factory testing and metrological support. The data on the development and development of the production of JSC “Firma TVEMA” of a complex of removable and mobile technical means of NDT with maximum automation of instrument control and processing of control data, creation of a quality service, factory testing and metrological support are given. It is shown that the service includes structural subdivisions: the department of metrology and quality, a metrological laboratory, a testing laboratory, a technical control bureau that provide scientific and methodological support for the development of measuring instruments, testing, verification and calibration of flaw detection instruments during their production and operation. JSC “Firma TVEMA” organized the production and delivery of models of rail defects to railways with primary certification by the metrological laboratory for dynamic testing of mobile NDT vehicles. A test section was put into operation at the Experimental Ring of JSC VNIIZhT with certified defect models, which made it possible to accumulate research material for the further development of high-speed flaw detectors.

First Worldwide Slim Coiled Tubing Logging Tractor Deployment

Successful reservoir surveillance and production monitoring is a key component for effectively managing any field production strategy. For production logging in openhole horizontal extended reach wells (ERWs), the challenges are formidable and extensive; logging these extreme lengths in a cased hole would be difficult enough, but are considerably exaggerated in the openhole condition. A coiled tubing (CT) logging run in open hole must also contend with increased frictional forces, high dogleg severity, a quicker onset of helical buckling and early lockup. The challenge to effectively log these ERWs is further complicated by constraints in the completion where electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are installed including a 2.4" bypass section. Although hydraulically powered coiled tubing tractors already existed, a slim CT tractor with real-time logging capabilities was not available in the market. In partnership with a specialist CT tractor manufacturer, a slim logging CT tractor was designed and built to meet the exceptional demands to pull the CT to target depth. The tractor is 100% hydraulically powered, with no electrical power allowing for uninterrupted logging during tractoring. The tractor is powered by the differential pressure from the bore of the CT to the wellbore, and is operated by a pre-set pump rate from surface. Developed to improve the low coverage in open hole ERW logging jobs, the tractor underwent extensive factory testing before being deployed to the field. The tractor was rigged up on location with the production logging tool and ran in hole. Once the coil tubing locked up, the tractor was activated and pulled the coil to cover over 90% of the open hole section delivering a pulling force of up to 3,200 lb. Real-time production logging was conducted simultaneously with the tractor activated, flowing and shut-in passes were completed to successfully capture the zonal inflow profile. Real-time logging with the tractor is logistically efficient and allows instantaneous decision making to repeat passes for improved data quality. The new slim logging tractor is the world's slimmest most compact, and the first of its kind CT tractor that enables production logging operations in horizontal extended reach open hole wells. The ability to successfully log these extended reach wells cannot be understated, reservoir simulations and management decisions can only as good as the quality of data available. Some of the advantages of drilling extended reach wells such as increased reservoir contact, reduced footprint and less wells drilled will be lost if sufficient reservoir surveillance cannot be achieved. To maximize the benefits of ERWs, creative solutions and innovative designs must continually be developed to push the boundaries further.

Optimization of milling performance of a sugar mill

Thailand is the sugar cane exporters in the world market. It is important for sugar factory to operate efficiently in milling against its competition. This study was conducted to find the optimization of milling performance of a sugar mill based on extraction (EXT), power requirements (POW), specific energy consumption (SEC), and specific extraction per energy consumption (SEE) that is important parameters for sugar factory. Testing was performed using a small milling machine. The compressed pressure and speed were adjusted from 2.7 to 10.0 x 106 N/m2 and 0.0844 m/s to 0.1631 m/s, respectively. After the test, the polarization meter was used to measure sugar in juice. The results showed that the maximum extraction (%) is earned at the intermediate compressed pressure and the lowest speed. The minimum power requirement (W) is earned at the lowest compressed pressure and the lowest speed. The minimum specific energy consumption (kWh/t) is earned at the lowest compressed pressure and the intermediate speed. The maximum specific extraction per energy consumption (%.t/kWh) is earned at the intermediate compressed pressure and the lowest speed. The method and results of this study can benefit for sugar factory to find performance and to make the decision on process operation.

Analysis and Alternate Selection of Nanopowder Modifiers to Improve a Special Protective Coating System

This paper presents a practical approach for rational choice of silica nanopowders as modifiers to control and improve the performance of protective coating systems operating in harsh environmental conditions. The approach is based on the multiparameter analysis of nanoparticle reactivity of similar silica synthesized by using chemical and physical methods. The analysis indicates distinct adsorption centers due to the differences in the particles formation; the features of the formation and adsorption mechanisms lead to higher diffusion capacity of the nanoparticles, synthesized by physical methods, into a paint material and finally result in stronger chemical bonds between the system elements. The approach allows reducing the consumption of paint materials by 30% or more, at least 2-3 times increasing of the coating adhesion and hence the system life. Validity of the approach is illustrated through the data obtained from comparative modeling, factory testing, and practical use of modified systems.