Technology and the Texture of Modernity

This chapter introduces networks, contexts/ecologies, and innovations as the three main concepts that make technology pivotal for constructing contemporary societies, as well as many ideas of modernity. Technologies are not mere artifacts, but also sociotechnical networks made by distinct artifacts composed, in turn, by different elements belonging to various technical networks. Digitalization has exagerated and changed this process, which was present from the very beginning of modern technological history. Any multiple assemblage looks for its continuous existence in two different fields: at the mere technical level, on standardization and classification of elements and activities; and at a human and social level, on uses, habits, conventions, and practices.

Development of Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and Automation

The technical level and scale of machinery manufacturing industry are one of the most important factors to measure a country’s industrialization degree and comprehensive strength of national economy. In present, the rapid development of China has also undergone leapfrog changes in the development of machinery manufacturing and automation, however, the development trend of mechanical manufacturing and its automation has gradually developed from the previous manual work to the direction of network virtualization, machine miniaturization and industrial intelligence.

FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONCERTMASTER SKILLS OF AN ACCORDION STUDENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

The article is devoted to determining, based on the existing specifics of teaching accordion students in the system of secondary vocational education, effective ways to develop their concertmaster skills. The developed methodological recommendations identify the components of an integrated approach to the development of concertmaster skills based on the definition of this concept, taking into account the technical level of students, the design features of the instrument and the specifics of the soloists' performing activities.

METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO JUSTIFICATION OF THE MACHINE SYSTEM

The basic concept of system analysis is a system, that is, an object that interacts with the external environment and has a complex internal structure, a large number of components and elements. Interacting elements with a certain integrity are allocated into functional subsystems. The technique of choosing the most efficient machines depending on the conditions of use and assessing their technical level is stated. The block diagram of the variant technology of cultivation of grain crops is presented, which allows you to choose alternative options for technical means based on their effectiveness.

The Beauty of Deep Structure

This chapter charts the rise of Noam Chomsky’s Transformational-Generative Grammar, from its cornerstone role in the cognitive revolution up to its widely heralded realization in Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. That realization featured the development of an evocative concept, Deep Structure, a brilliant nexus of meaning and structure that integrates seamlessly with Chomsky’s companion idea, Universal Grammar, the notion that all languages share a critical, genetically encoded core. At a technical level, Deep Structure concentrated meaning because of the Katz-Postal Principle, stipulating that transformations cannot change meaning. Transformations rearrange structure while keeping meaning stable. The appeal of Deep Structure and Universal Grammar helped Transformational Grammar propagate rapidly into language classrooms, literary studies, stylistics, and computer science, gave massive impetus to the emergence of psycholinguistics, attracted substantial military and educational funding, and featured prominently in Chomsky’s meteoric intellectual stardom.

Popularisierung im (fachsprachlichen) Translationsunterricht – ein Aspekt der Translationsdidaktik

This paper presents some approaches to and results of working with and integrating various text types of popular medical texts, as experienced when teaching translation. The premise for this work is the concept that popular-ized texts are still technical texts and can therefore be horizontally diversified and vertically stratified depending on their technical level. This, in com-bination with the practical framework set by the task and the persons involved in the interaction, makes various demands on the translator, who is called upon not only to provide a transcultural and inter-language transla-tion of a technical text, but also to respect the specific circumstances of the target public at whom the target text is aimed. This is necessary for skopos-oriented adaptation of the source material.

The Influence Factors of Medical Disputes in Shanghai and Implications - From The Perspective of Doctor, Patient and Disease

Background Based on the cases collected in eight hospitals in Shanghai in recent three years, causes of medical disputes in Shanghai and influence factors of medical dispute levels were explored, and targeted suggestions were put forward. Methods Multistage sampling were used to collect 561 cases of medical disputes occurred in two Tertiary hospitals, two Secondary hospitals and four primary hospitals. The causes of medical disputes were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the factors affecting medical dispute were analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis. Results Factors of doctor and patient are involved in the causes of medical disputes, with 87.1% disputes related to doctors and 13.9% related to patients. The doctor’s factors include lack of communication (28.82%), low technical level (16.91%), lack of sense of responsibility (8.86%), defective case records (6.92%), imperfect operation (6.44%), inadequate experience (6.44%), inadequate condition evaluation (5.8%), irregular management process (4.03%), violation of diagnosis and treatment regulation (4.03%), misdiagnosis and mistreatment (3.54%), belated diagnosis and treatment (2.58%), postoperative complications (2.42%), equipment problems (1.13%), missed diagnosis (0.81%), poor condition monitoring (0.48%), unreasonable charge (0.48%) and poor service attitude (0.32%). The patient's factors include misunderstanding of medical behavior (43.48%), high expectation of prognosis (25%), bad attitude (13.04%), inadequate medical knowledge (7.61%), disturbance (6.52%), poor compliance (3.62%) and mistrust (1.09%). Among all medical disputes, there are 406 cases of level-4 medical disputes (78%), 95 cases of level-3 medical disputes (18%), 19 cases of level-2 medical disputes (4%), and no level-1 medical dispute. Meanwhile, the classification of diseases, treatment effect, doctors' violation of diagnosis and treatment regulation, and low technical level are the reasons for the level differences in medical disputes. Conclusions Factors of doctor in medical disputes in Shanghai mainly include inadequate communication and low technical level while the patient’s factors mainly contain misunderstanding of medical behavior and high expectation of the prognosis. Level-3 and 4 medical disputes take up the major part in all medical disputes. The classification of diseases, treatment effect, doctors' violation of diagnosis and treatment regulation, and doctor’s deficient technical level are high-risk factors requiring critical attention in medical disputes.

Analysis of Tungsten Halogen Lamps Characteristics

The authors briefly review distinctions of tungsten halogen lamps (THL) and analyse the results of their own measurements of characteristics of three types of THL manufactured by Saransk lighting equipment plant LISMA. Rated power, luminous flux, and correlated colour temperature of lamps were measured. Relative measurement errors with consideration of possible technological errors for these products do not exceed 0.84 % for values of rated power and 0.29 % for values of correlated colour temperature in batches of 13 pcs. The analysis conducted shows that the technical level of development and production technology of Saransk lighting equipment plant LISMA provides high quality of THL.

Influence of the technical level of production on the possibility of manufacturing of new products

A methodological approach to assessing the influence of the technical level of production on the possibility of manufacturing of new products is considered. An integral indicator of the technical level is proposed, which is determined on the basis of an analysis of the potential effectiveness of the work performed by the organization throughout all stages of the product life cycle. Keywords: new products, technical level of production, methodology of complex activities. [email protected]