Viromes in Marine Ecosystems Reveal Remarkable Invertebrate RNA Virus Diversity

Ocean viromes remain poorly understood and little is known about the ecological factors driving aquatic RNA virus evolution. In this study, we used a meta-transcriptomic approach to characterize the viromes of 58 marine invertebrate species across three seas. This revealed the presence of 315 newly identified RNA viruses in nine viral families or orders (Durnavirales, Totiviridae, Bunyavirales, Hantaviridae, Picornavirales, Flaviviridae, Hepelivirales, Solemoviridae and Tombusviridae), with most of them are sufficiently divergent to the documented viruses. With special notice that we first time revealed an ocean virus rooting to mammalian hantaviruses. We also found evidence for possible host sharing and switch events during virus evolution. In sum, we demonstrated the hidden diversity of marine invertebrate RNA viruses.

Victoria Trial: Vericiguat Joins the Big League, or Does it?

The VICTORIA trial showed Vericiguat once daily (titrated up to 10 mg) significantly reduced its primary end-point, the composite of death from cardiovascular causes or first hospitalization for heart failure, in 5050 class II-IV HFrEF patients (LVEF<45%). This a land-mark trial, one of the largest we have seen in heart failure, and it had some very important novel features; it only recruited patients with a recent (within 6 months) worsening of their heart failure, a group known to be at increased risk of subsequent events, and it included more severe heart failure than most recent trials with NTproBNP levels nearly twice that of Paradigm-HF or DAPA-HF. VICTORIA had substantially higher mortality rate but an apparently less impressive hazard ratio (HR) 0.90 (0.82 – 0.98) compared to Paradigm’s 0.80 (0.73 – 0.87) and DAPA’s 0.74 (0.65 –0.85). This must be considered against a healthy absolute risk reduction at 4.2% compared to Paradigm’s 2.7% and DAPA’s 4.0%, due to the higher risk patients in VICTORIA. Another very important difference with VICTORIA is that it included the higher risk recently discharged HF patients, and patients eGFR’s down to 15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area, possibly suggesting a special place for Vericiguat in traetring these at-risk subsets of HFrEF patients, but for the fact that the cohort between 15 and 30mL/min/1.73m2 of eGFR was only around 10.0%, and the point estimate for the HR for this small group was above 1.0 at 1.06 (0.83-1.34). Aslo the sub-grouping by NTproBNP level was highly significantly interacting (p<0.001) with the lower three quartiles all being significantly in favour of Vericiguat and the highest quartile (>5,314 pg/mL) being almost significantly worse on Vericiguat with a HR of 1.16 (0.99-1.35). So the two major areas where Vericiguat may have received special notice appear to be less impressive when we look in detail at the trial results. How do we therefore place Vericiguat in the wake of VICTORIA? It is a proven therapy in a disease which still has residual high rates of clinical mortality and morbidity. It conveyed a benefit on top of other therapies, thus it should be not ignored and may indeed be a very effective therapy in some patients.

Performance of The Bandungan District Chrysanthemum Supply Chain Management

Chrysanthemums are included in a group of flowers with relatively high economic value. The demand for chrysanthemums increases from year to year so that special concern for chrysanthemums is required in order that their quality and availability are maintained. Bandungan as one of the centers of chrysanthemum production in Indonesia has some problems in functioning as part of the chrysanthemum supply chain, such as, 1) difference in selling price based on time of day, 2) difference in selling price based on days of importance, and 3) there still being a long supply chain to go through. The research concerned here aimed at measuring the performance of chrysanthemum supply chain management in Bandungan by using the SCOR analysis with five performance attributes, namely, 1) supply chain reliability, 2) supply chain responsiveness, 3) supply chain agility, 4) supply chain cost, and 5) supply chain asset management. The research was conducted in February 2019. The research was descriptive type with quantitative approach. The sample consisted of farmer, retailer, florist and consumer which numbered 30 respondents. The result shows that the perfomance in relation with supply chain reliability, supply chain responsiveness, and supply chain agility is satisfactory in category (with scores within the 31-40 range) while the performance in relation with supply chain cost and supply chain asset management is moderate in category (with scores within the 21-30 range). The performance of chrysanthemum supply chain management in Bandungan would become increasingly better if all the actors in the supply chain take special notice of any performance that is done. The result of the research could hopefully be a reference in the making of strategies for development and improvement in the chrysanthemum business in Bandungan.

Meretas Kecakapan Komunikasi Interpersonal Keluarga Kristen Memasuki Era 4.0

This article is a study to show that in these days, we all are living in the time that named industry revolution 4.0, which’s all communication tool are connected and communicate each other to make smart decisions without human role. As we see now that our world is borderless. The communication is rapidly informed, and we could feel, hear, see clearly that such as sophisticated so as every event in “the edge of this earth” could be known to us almost in the same time while it happened. The result of this research has found that this revolution has totally changed our interpersonal communication way. This study also suggests that in delivery of their mission, christian and the church leader ought to recreate and transform their duty to serve. The most basicly community of the churc is family, thats why this research is put a special notice to the interpersonal communication. This is the strategic point to form christian generation to have their own identity and assist them in faith grow as the child of God. AbstrakTulisan ini merupakan studi yang hendak menyajikan bahwa kita semua sudah berada dalam budaya kehidupan yang disebut Era 4.0, di mana semua alat komunikasi sudah terjaring satu sama lain dan ternyata telah sanggup mencipta sendiri keputusan cerdas dan seringkali tanpa peran atau bantuan manusia lagi. Sekarang yang disaksikan adalah dunia yang tanpa batas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa era sekarang telah mengubah cara kita berkomunikasi secara interpersonal. Tulisan ini juga hendak menggagas bahwa dalam rangka melayankan misinya, kekristenan dan para pemimpin gereja seharusnya mencipta ulang dan atau mentransformasi tugas pelayanan mereka. Dalam hal ini, komunitas basis dari gereja adalah keluarga, itu sebabnya penelitian ini memberi tekanan khusus pada komunikasi interpersonal; karena ini adalah pintu masuk yang strategis untuk membentuk generasi kristen agara mereka memliki identitas diri dan mendampingi mereka dalam bertumbuh secara iman sebagai anak Tuhan. Pada masa kini, kita semua sudah berada dalam budaya kehidupan yang disebut Era 4.0, yang mana komputer yang sudah terjaring satu sama lain ternyata telah sanggup mencipta sendiri keputusan cerdas dan seringkali tanpa peran atau bantuan manusia lagi. Perkembangan dalam abad ketiga sekarang ini telah diwarnai dengan digitalisasi segala sektor dan dicirikan dengan ketidakpastian. Sekarang yang disaksikan adalah dunia yang tanpa batas. Komunikasi tercipta makin cepat, dan setiap orang dapat merasa, mendengar dan melihat dengan jelas bahwa segala bentuk temuan teknologi yang canggih di setiap ujung dunia manapun, kini dapat kita ketahui langsung dan bersamaan ketika peristiwa itu terjadi. Secara menyeluruh, era ini telah mengubah cara kita berkomunikasi secara interpersonal. Dalam rangka melayankan misinya, maka kekristenan dan para pemimpin gereja seharusnya mencipta ulang dan atau mentransformasi tugas pelayanan mereka. Dalam hal ini, komunitas basis dari gereja adalah keluarga, itu sebabnya penelitian ini memberi tekanan khusus pada komunikasi interpersonal; karena ini adalah pintu masuk yang strategis untuk membentuk generasi kristen agara mereka memliki identitas diri dan mendampingi mereka dalam bertumbuh secara iman sebagai anak Tuhan.

The mangrove flora and their physical habitat characteristics in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Djamaluddin R. 2018. The mangrove flora and their physical habitat characteristics in Bunaken National Park, NorthSulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1303-1312. The mangrove forests of Bunaken National Park are among the most distinctive andunusual in Southeast Asia because of the species that the forests contain. This study investigated the identity and diversity of mangroveplants as well as physiographic factors and major physical processes of every type of sub-habitats. Seven surveys were conducted tocollect and identify mangrove species of the park. Sub-habitats where specimen was found, aspects related to tidal inundation, nature ofsoil, freshwater influence and topography were observed as well as major physical processes influencing the condition of each subhabitat.The results suggested that the park was floristically rich with at least 27 plant species and they were distributed over tenrecognized sub-habitat types in different composition and diversity. Ceriops zippeliana Blume, Lumnitzera racemosa Willd, Lumnitzeralittorea (Jack) Voigt., Sonneratia ovata Backer, and Camptostemon philippinense (Vidal) Becc. were found in Bunaken National Parkand their presence confirmed the broader distribution limit of these species within Indo-Malesia region. A special notice was for C.philippinense as the distribution limit of this is rarely reported.

The Staveley Family

The next two months passed by without any events which deserve our special notice, unless it be that Mr Joseph Mason and Mr Dockwrath had a meeting in the room of Mr Matthew Round, in Bedford Row. Mr Dockwrath struggled hard to effect this...