KEANGGOTAAN VIETNAM DALAM PENANGANAN RANJAU DARAT ANTI-PERSONIL (RDAP) DAN EXPLOSIVE REMNANTS OF WAR (ERW) MELALUI ASEAN REGIONAL MINE ACTION CENTER (ARMAC)

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai peranan ASEAN Regional Mine Action Center (ARMAC) dalam menangani permasalahan Ranjau Darat Anti-Personil (RDAP) dan Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) di Vietnam. Vietnam sebagai negara yang menjadi tempat perang pada Perang Vietnam, menyimpan sisa-sisa senjata berupa RDAP dan ERW. Senjata-senjata tersebut telah tertanam sejak perang berlangsung yang hingga kini belum meledak. Lantaran hal tersebut, dikhawatirkan dampak RDAP dan ERW di Vietnam akan sangat merugikan masyarakatnya. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan keanggotaan Vietnam dalam ARMAC terkait permasalahan tersebut. Tulisan ini akan membahas secara khusus dan berfokus pada peranan ARMAC di Vietnam. Dengan menggunakan sudut pandang rezim internasional, tulisan ini akan menganalisis keefektivan keanggotaan Vietnam dalam ARMAC. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa peran ARMAC belum begitu terasa bagi Vietnam lantaran partisipasi Vietnam yang tidak seaktif Kamboja dalam menjalankan program kerja ARMAC. Hal tersebut juga lantaran dipengaruhi oleh adanya interest yang dimiliki oleh Vietnam.

Effectiveness of Banana Trunk as Protection Wall from High Velocity Shrapnel During Detonation of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)

This paper is to investigate banana trunk fibre to be constructed alternatively for the sand bag and high energy absorption. The aim of this study also for enhancing method of absorption velocity shrapnel during detonated of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO), Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) and Improvise Explosive Device (IED). The study involved blast test which is providing high energy impact based on the amount of explosive used. Type of explosive were used are Emulex 180 with velocity of detonation 4500m/s to 5700m/s, Explosive energy 4.17 MJ/kg, density 1.13g/cc to 1.21g/cc and initiation were used are No. 8 Detonator. The structure of specimen is analysed using Stereo Microscope Image Analyser (35x zoom) which is an optical instrument that can observe the structure of the fragments (banana fibre) after blast test. Results shows that banana trunk can become a protection wall as it can absorb the impact of blast from explosion.

The role and the risks of explosive ordnance decontamination in Hungary

The work of the experts of explosive ordnance disposal is very demanding in Hungary. Thousands of explosive remnants of war are still waiting for disarming in the soil. This public duty demands highly trained professionals who are able to meet the requirements of this lethal profession. The statistics are important to receive a complete picture about the background of projectiles and bombs. These military ordnances endanger everybody’s live in their close distance. To understand the features of these dangerous devices, first the threats hidden inside their main parts must be identified. This may help us to make the explosive ordnance disposal tasks safer and to understand the possibilities during render safe procedures.

Blast injuries in children: a mixed-methods narrative review

Background and significanceBlast injuries arising from high explosive weaponry is common in conflict areas. While blast injury characteristics are well recognised in the adults, there is a lack of consensus as to whether these characteristics translate to the paediatric population. Understanding blast injury patterns in this cohort is essential for providing appropriate provision of services and care for this vulnerable cohort.MethodsIn this mixed-methods review, original papers were screened for data pertaining to paediatric injuries following blasts. Information on demographics, morbidity and mortality, and service requirements were evaluated. The papers were written and published in English from a range of international specialists in the field.ResultsChildren affected by blast injuries are predominantly male and their injuries arise from explosive remnants of war, particularly unexploded ordinance. Blasts show increased morbidity and mortality in younger children, while older children have injury patterns similar to adults. Head and burn injuries represent a significant cause of mortality in young children, while lower limb morbidity is reduced compared with adults. Children have a disproportionate requirement for both operative and non-operative service resources, and provisions for this burden are essential.ConclusionsCertain characteristics of paediatric injuries arising from blasts are distinct from that of the adult cohort, while the intensive demands on services highlight the importance of understanding the diverse injury patterns in order to optimise future service provisions in caring for this child blast survivor.

The Response of International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) to Resolve the Problem of Humanitarian Issue

This research aims to explain the role of International Non-Governmental Organization (INGO) namely ICBL (International Campaign to Ban Landmines). The objective of ICBL to overcome the problem of landmines as an emergency problem and critical issue in the world. This matter is because the effect of landmines and explosive remnants of war is very dangerous for humans, animals, and other living things. Otherwise, ICBL engage all of the states in the world to ratify an international agreement to ban using and producing landmine through The Mine Ban Treaty which agreed in 1997 by the states in the world. The efforts of ICBL are supported by United Nations and other advocacy networks. The obstacles arise from the unwillingness of great power to sign and ratify The Mine Ban Treaty. But, although still deal with some obstacles and challenges, ICBL able to decrease the amount of landmines in the world today. The research used secondary sources collected from books, journal, article, or other related-website.

Reframing the Remnants of War

Since 2011, states and civil society have sought to draw attention to the health and environmental risks from the toxic remnants of war; a process that has led to the International Law Commission proposing a draft principle that obliges states to help minimize their risks to the environment following conflicts. In addition to raising awareness of the impact and legacy of conflict pollution, the process has helped to reverse the historical decoupling of explosive remnants of war from other physical and toxic war remnants. Itself a product of the humanitarian advocacy framing promoted by the civil society-led campaign against anti-personnel landmines. The new draft principle on the toxic and hazardous remnants of war, which is one of several proposed to help address and remedy environmental damage following conflicts, could eventually help fill a gap in how the international community responds to pollution caused or exacerbated by armed conflict.