DAMPAK PAKTA PERTAHANAN TRILATERAL AUKUS TERHADAP KONDISI REGIONAL INDO-PASIFIK

This article was compiled to discuss the AUKUS Trilateral Defense Pact which is a collective security effort taken from the aggressiveness appointed by China in the Indo-Pacific region. There have been a variety of positive and negative responses from Australia from countries in the region, particularly China, which views the defense pact as a very responsible threat and an open challenge to their growing influence in the Indo-Pacific. This discussion is important because AUKUS is considered to be very detrimental to regional peace and security, and endangers efforts to destroy nuclear weapons, although it can be considered that this agreement will be a decisive step taken to take predatory tendencies from China. On the purpose of AUKUS and the reasons why Australia is more concerned with security than what is examined in this article, considering the ownership of supported vessels will support Australia's understanding to carry out longer patrols to maintain the Indo-Pacific security conditions that are often caused by the presence of a strong Chinese military in the area. AUKUS will be an important action in building the foundation that becomes a barrier for China to stop confronting other countries, commit violations at the borders of the Indo- Pacific region, and as a retaliation for aggressive actions against several countries in the region.

KEANGGOTAAN VIETNAM DALAM PENANGANAN RANJAU DARAT ANTI-PERSONIL (RDAP) DAN EXPLOSIVE REMNANTS OF WAR (ERW) MELALUI ASEAN REGIONAL MINE ACTION CENTER (ARMAC)

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai peranan ASEAN Regional Mine Action Center (ARMAC) dalam menangani permasalahan Ranjau Darat Anti-Personil (RDAP) dan Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) di Vietnam. Vietnam sebagai negara yang menjadi tempat perang pada Perang Vietnam, menyimpan sisa-sisa senjata berupa RDAP dan ERW. Senjata-senjata tersebut telah tertanam sejak perang berlangsung yang hingga kini belum meledak. Lantaran hal tersebut, dikhawatirkan dampak RDAP dan ERW di Vietnam akan sangat merugikan masyarakatnya. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan keanggotaan Vietnam dalam ARMAC terkait permasalahan tersebut. Tulisan ini akan membahas secara khusus dan berfokus pada peranan ARMAC di Vietnam. Dengan menggunakan sudut pandang rezim internasional, tulisan ini akan menganalisis keefektivan keanggotaan Vietnam dalam ARMAC. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa peran ARMAC belum begitu terasa bagi Vietnam lantaran partisipasi Vietnam yang tidak seaktif Kamboja dalam menjalankan program kerja ARMAC. Hal tersebut juga lantaran dipengaruhi oleh adanya interest yang dimiliki oleh Vietnam.

TINJAUAN BUKU : MENUJU �CHINESE DREAM� MELALUI JALAN SUTERA BARU

Melalui buku yang berjudul China's Asian Dream, Tom Miller mendeskripsikan bagaimana Cina melakukan ekspansi kebijakan luar negeri melalui serangkaian proyek-proyek infrastruktur dan investasi yang ambisius. Penulisnya menggambarkan dengan detail bagaimana ekspansi Cina ke Asia Tengah, Samudera Hindia, Asia Tenggara. Berkat ekspansi ekonomi ini maka Cina seringkali harus menghadapi negara adikuasa Amerika Serikat yang sudah sejak lama memiliki dominasi kuat di Asia dan Pasifik. Buku ini sangat baik untuk dibaca oleh pembaca akademik maupun umum, khususnya untuk mereka yang tertarik kepada perkembangan isu-isu internasional di kawasan Asia.

PENGAYAAN SENJATA NUKLIR SEBAGAI MODAL EKONOMI KOREA UTARA

The purpose of the paper is to analyze North Korea's efforts to obtain economic capital through the enrichment of nuclear weapons amid the various sanctions imposed on it. This paper uses a constructivism approach in accordance in term of give arguments regarding North Korea's struggle to gain economic capital is an all-out struggle. Since the communist regime took control of North Korea, North and South Korea have continued to conflict to this day. Supported by the Soviet Union and aided by China during the Cold War era, North Korea was still able to survive. However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union and China's lack initiatives from helping North Korea, the North Korean economy worsened. In this paper, we found that North Korea used its nuclear capability as a bargaining chip to get what it wanted, especially for economic reasons.

DARI ANARKI KE HIRARKI: EKSPOSISI GAGASAN THOMAS HOBBES SEBAGAI RUJUKAN TEORI REALISME

In International Relation theory discourse, Classical Realism has some typical characteristics that differentiate it from other theories. The typical characteristics can be indicated by the ideas of Anarchy and Conflict. The two ideas in Classical Realism theory refers to Thomas Hobbes� Political Philosophy on the State of Nature. Considering that the two ideas are only two of the entire ideas of Thomas Hobbes� Political Philosophy, the State of Anarchy and Conflict in Classical Realism theory needs to be completed with other ideas. The writing has been made to show the function of ratio as a reason to seek peace in a hierarchical relation through Leviathan�s power. Therefore, it can be seen that Thomas Hobbes discusses not only about the state of anarchy but also the fact of hierarchical system urgency to avoid conflict.

HUBUNGAN LUAR NEGERI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT DENGAN MALAYSIA DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang faktor dan alasan NTB menjalin hubungan luar negeri dalam bidang pendidikan tinggi dengan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Kajian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan konsep paradiplomasi sebagai alat analisis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dan juga wawancara dengan narasumber terkait. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa NTB aktif menjalin hubungan luar negeri dalam bidang pendidikan tinggi (termasuk dengan Malaysia) karena didorong oleh faktor eksternal dan internal. Faktor eksternal datang dari globalisasi dan regionalisasi, sedangkan faktor internal dipengaruhi oleh desentralisasi dan peran pemimpin daerah. Sementara alasan NTB menjalin hubungan luar negeri dengan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia adalah karena Malaysia dipandang dapat membantu NTB dalam memenuhi kepentingan pragmatis dalam bidang pendidikan tinggi, yaitu berjalannya program beasiswa pendidikan tinggi ke luar negeri (Malaysia) dengan biaya yang murah, pendidikan yang berkualitas, dan kesempatan memperluas wawasan dan jaringan internasional. Sedangkan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia bersedia menjalin hubungan dengan NTB untuk meningkatkan jumlah pelajar internasional di Malaysia.

DIPLOMASI PUBLIK INDONESIA MELALUI BALI DEMOCRACY FORUM

Public Diplomacy for a country is an important tool. This study aims to analyze the public diplomacy strategy carried out by Indonesia as a response to the Global War on Terror (GWOT) policy carried out by America after the events of September 11, 2001. Public diplomacy carried out by Indonesia through the Bali Democracy Forum (BDF) is growing. Every year the number of participating countries participating in the BDF continues to increase. Indonesia must be able to take advantage of this momentum and formulate an increasingly comprehensive public diplomacy strategy in order to improve Indonesia's self- image in the eyes of the international community. This study uses qualitative research methods with descriptive research types and secondary data collection through literature studies, such as books, journals, e-books, e- journals, and other internet sources such as from government agencies, ministries, embassies of the Republic of Indonesia (RI) and portals. online news

PENGUATAN STRATEGI PENANGKALAN DALAM MERESPONS AKSI KOERSIF CINA DI LAUT NATUNA UTARA

China�s claims to all areas in the South China Sea have caused conflict with several states, such as Malaysia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Brunei Darussalam, and Taiwan. China�s claims are based on historical aspects by referring to the nine-dash line map, whether other claimant states are based on the UNCLOS 1982. Indonesia initially acted as a non-claimant state in this conflict. However, along with many violations committed by China in the North Natuna Sea, which is the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone, Indonesia is increasing its national vigilance. China is playing smart by pursuing a grey zone strategy. China�s strategy requires Indonesia to strengthen its deterrence strategy. This research uses a qualitative approach. Desk research is conducted as the collection data method. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to strengthen Indonesia�s deterrence strategy, both military and non-military approaches. Keywords: coercion, deterrence, North Natuna Sea, South China Sea, Strategy

CHINA'S ENERGY DIPLOMACY TOWARDS RUSSIA IN THE EASTERN SIBERIA PIPELINE DEVELOPMENT DURING PRESIDENT XI JINPING PERIOD

China is a very active country in building energy diplomacy relations towards Russia. Since the end of the Cold War, the intensity of energy relations between the two countries has been increasing, one of which is related to the Eastern Siberian pipeline project. The Eastern Siberian pipeline project is a strategic project for China to maintain the stability of their energy security in the future. This is what makes China under the leadership of Xi Jinping, increasingly seeking to improve their energy diplomacy relations towards Russia in an effort to develop the Eastern Siberian pipeline project which includes two major projects, specifically oil pipeline through the Eastern Siberian Pasific Ocean (ESPO) and the natural gas pipeline through the Power of Siberia. Using qualitative research methods and literature reviews, the authors sought to provide an in-depth analysis of China's implementation of energy diplomacy against Russia in the development of the Eastern Siberian pipeline. China's energy diplomacy towards Russia is part of efforts to diversify China's energy imports many involving actors of China's national energy companies. This research also proves that energy cooperation relationships are not only built within bilateral frameworks but also in multilateral frameworks as part of China-Russia efforts to accelerate the development of the Eastern Siberian pipeline.

DIPLOMASI MARITIM INDONESIA DI IORA PADA KASUS ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED, DAN UNREGULATED FISHING

Maritime sovereignty is an integral part of the Indonesia�s foreign policy, historically in the era of Nusantara, many competitions to conquer maritime territory was even tangible from the era of Majapahit and Sriwijaya kingdom during their ruling. With the notion of Indonesia as the world�s maritime axis, Indonesia�s diplomacy is defined clearly by the manifestation of efforts either in bilateral, regional, and multilateral. This article discussed on how Indonesia�s diplomacy through IORA cooperation is done to overcome the issue of IUU fishing during the presidency of Joko Widodo from 2015 until 2020. Indonesia�s IORA Chairmanship from 2015-2017 has rejuvenate Jakarta�s maritime diplomacy. Indonesia�s diplomacy depicted that Indonesia is beyond thatn norm-setting but also to the level where Indonesia assert their identity as a sovereign maritime axis amid the challenges and modernization that made non-traditional security as one of the core of contemporary diplomacy.